Abstract:
:Primate retinal bipolar cells synapsing with two adjacent cones (2C bipolars) are further described. Their synaptic contacts are either as the central (invaginating) component of the cone triads or as basal (flat) contacts on the membrane of the cone pedicle base. Correspondingly, their axons end either in the b (inner half or in the a (outer) half of the inner plexiform layer. The shape and size of the axon terminals of 2C bipolars are indistinguishable from those of adjacent midget bipolars. Therefore 2C bipolars, like midget bipolars, probably synapse with midget ganglion cells. Two C bipolars have not been identified as connected to foveal cones. But they are not restricted to the retinal periphery, as has previously been supposed, since they occur, mixed with midget (single cone) bipolars, throughout all parts of the retina from about 2.5 mm to at least 10.0 mm from the fovea. It is likely that 2C bipolars are a variant of the midget bipolars; and that they contact some members of the same population of cones, instead of the midgets. This paper briefly reviews, and raises some new, problems concerning our current understanding of the synaptic connectivity patterns of the midget, 2C, and diffuse cone bipolar cells.
journal_name
Vis Neuroscijournal_title
Visual neuroscienceauthors
Boycott BB,Hopkins JMdoi
10.1017/s0952523800010932subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-07-01 00:00:00pages
49-60issue
1-2eissn
0952-5238issn
1469-8714pii
S0952523800010932journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A model of contrast discrimination performance in human observers is developed and then extended to cover effects on performance of anticholinergic drugs. It is shown that it is necessary to assume that neural noise increases at high spatial frequencies in order to provide a satisfactory model of variations in discrim...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800009123
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doi:10.1017/s0952523800004582
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523808080784
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doi:10.1017/S0952523808080449
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doi:10.1017/s0952523804213360
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0952523800001930
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dopaminergic interplexiform cells in the retina of the blue acara were investigated using an antiserum against tyrosine hydroxylase and PAP visualization. In whole-mount preparations, we observed a homogeneous distribution of cell bodies throughout the retina without any indication of regional specialization. At the f...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800010737
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recorded the responses of neurons from the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus to drifting sine-wave grating stimuli both before and during electrical stimulation of the parabrachial region of the midbrain. The parabrachial region provides a mostly cholinergic input to the lateral geniculate nucleus, and our goal was ...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800005332
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523808080462
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800003102
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Observers performed red-green and yellow-blue hue cancellation tasks for a 0.8-deg circular test field on a dark surround, by manipulating the excitation level of one cone class while the other two classes were held constant. The results of the red-green judgments conformed to classical opponent color theory in that b...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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doi:10.1017/s0952523801186062
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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doi:10.1017/s0952523800004405
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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doi:10.1017/S0952523812000235
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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doi:10.1017/s095252380000852x
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is widely accepted that human color vision is based on two types of cone-opponent mechanism, one differencing L and M cone types (loosely termed "red-green"), and the other differencing S with the L and M cones (loosely termed "blue-yellow"). The traditional view of the early processing of human color vision sugges...
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The retinae of insectivores have been rarely studied, and their photoreceptor arrangements and expression patterns of visual pigments are largely unknown. We have determined the presence and distribution of cones in three species of shrews (common shrew Sorex araneus, greater white-toothed shrew Crocidura russula, dar...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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doi:10.1017/s095252380001107x
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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doi:10.1017/S0952523806233388
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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