Brief communication: Methods of sequence heterochrony for describing modular developmental changes in human evolution.

abstract：:Lactation is an energy demanding phase in the reproductive cycle of female mammals. For this reason, several studies have assessed the effects of lactation on female behavior. In this study we examine the influence of lactation on the time-budgets and foraging patterns of female black howlers (Alouatta pigra) in Campe...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Dias PA,Rangel-Negrín A,Canales-Espinosa D

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A suite of measurements was collected from the talus, calcaneus, navicular, and cuboid of humans from Southern China, Victorian Britain, Roman Britain, and Zulu tribes people from the Republic of South Africa. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses of dimensions of individual foot bones revealed subtle but d...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kidd RS,Oxnard CE

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since its discovery in southeastern Uzbekistan in 1938, the Teshik-Tash child has been considered a Neandertal. Its affinity is important to studies of Late Pleistocene hominin growth and development as well as interpretations of the Central Asian Middle Paleolithic and the geographic distribution of Neandertals. A cl...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Glantz M,Athreya S,Ritzman T

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The human respiratory apparatus is characterized by sexual dimorphism, the cranial airways of males being larger (both absolutely and relatively) than those of females. These differences have been linked to sex-specific differences in body composition, bioenergetics, and respiratory function. However, whethe...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： García-Martínez D,Torres-Tamayo N,Torres-Sanchez I,García-Río F,Bastir M

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between ethnicity and biology is of interest to anthropologists, biomedical scientists, and historians in understanding how human groups are constructed. Ethnic self-identification in recently admixed groups such as Hispanics, African Americans, and Native Americans (NA) is likely to be complex due to...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Klimentidis YC,Miller GF,Shriver MD

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Scratches found on the Engis 2 cranium have been described as perimortem and interpreted as intentional scalping marks by Russell and LeMort (Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 69:317-323, 1986). These marks are described and compared to damage on other fossil hominids. The Engis marks have been misinterpreted. These marks are s...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： White TD,Toth N

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The growth of tooth dentin is incremental, so its formation represents a dietary record in early life. With archeological skeletons, applying sequential stable isotope analysis to the horizontal sections of tooth dentin has revealed weaning patterns and dietary changes that took place during childhood. Howev...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Tsutaya T

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Craniofacial variables for modern and prehistoric Japanese were subjected to multivariate analysis to test the relationships of the people of Japan with mainland Asian and Oceanic samples. The modern Japanese are tied to Koreans, Chinese, Southeast Asians, and the Yayoi rice agriculturalists who entered Japan in 300 B...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Brace CL,Brace ML,Leonard WR

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Investigations of the human femoral bicondylar angle have largely focused on interspecific differences and intrapopulation variation. This analysis assesses the range of variation in the bicondylar angle in humans across four populations, examining the effects of population, sex and age. MATERIALS AND METHO...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Waxenbaum EB,Stock MK

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The appearance of external auditory exostoses archaeologically has been attributed to aquatic activities in middle latitudes. However, recent clinical research implicates low sea surface temperatures, especially below a threshold of 19°C, as a stronger predictor of ear exostosis development than latitude. He...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Smith-Guzmán NE,Cooke RG

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Stable isotope analysis has been used to investigate consumption of marine resources in a variety of terrestrial mammals, including humans, but not yet in extant nonhuman primates. We sought to test the efficacy of stable isotope analysis as a tool for such studies by comparing isotope- and observation-based...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Lewis MC,West AG,O'Riain MJ

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pair-bonding in the genus Papio seems to be the result of fusion of troops as well as fission. When troop segments regularly split and join again, males who permanently maintain exclusive access to a few females may have an advantage over males who compete for all females who are in estrus. When two or more troops reg...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Anderson CM

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Geographic information systems (GIS) software is typically used for analyzing geographically distributed data, allowing users to annotate points or areas on a map and attach data for spatial analyses. While traditional GIS-based research involves geo-referenced data (points tied to geographic locations), the use of th...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rose DC,Agnew AM,Gocha TP,Stout SD,Field JS

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The analysis of prehistoric human dietary habits is key for understanding the effects of paleoenvironmental changes on the evolution of cultural and social human behaviors. In this study, we compare results from zooarchaeological, stable isotope and dental calculus analyses as well as lower second molar macr...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Oxilia G,Bortolini E,Badino F,Bernardini F,Gazzoni V,Lugli F,Romandini M,Radini A,Terlato G,Marciani G,Silvestrini S,Menghi Sartorio JC,Thun Hohenstein U,Fiorenza L,Kullmer O,Tuniz C,Moggi Cecchi J,Talamo S,Fontana F

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this review is to put core features of human sexuality in an evolutionary light. Toward that end, I address five topics concerning the evolution of human sexuality. First, I address theoretical foundations, including recent critiques and developments. While much traces back to Darwin and his view of sexual ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Gray PB

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article examines social and environmental influences on the development of hypertension in a sample of 568 adults (290 men; 278 women) aged 20 years and older from Dakar, Senegal. We test the hypothesis that more recent immigrants to the city of Dakar will have lower blood pressure and lower rates of hypertension...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Duboz P,Macia E,Chapuis-Lucciani N,Boëtsch G,Gueye L

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the development of computed tomography, soft tissues and foreign body collections are distinguished with remarkable resolution. This distinction is particularly useful when examining desiccated human remains, both in construction of research strategies and when invasive procedure (i.e., traditional autopsies, nee...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Wong PA

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:International differences in breast cancer incidence and mortality, and studies on Japanese migrants to the United States, point to the importance of environmental factors, including diet and nutrition, in the etiology of breast cancer. Some studies have suggested that dietary patterns in early life are important to t...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Micozzi MS

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A novel polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primer pair was used to analyze the frequency of insertion of the first described, nonhuman, baboon-specific Alu repetitive element in populations from the Papio hamadryas anubis and the Papio hamadryas hamadryas subspecies, and from a number of anubis-hamadryas hybrids. The Alu...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Szmulewicz MN,Andino LM,Reategui EP,Woolley-Barker T,Jolly CJ,Disotell TR,Herrera RJ

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of physical anthropology in precollegiate education has been limited, but has the potential to play a vital and integral role in promoting students' understanding of themselves and others. This study describes the development, implementation, and results of a program constructed on an inquiry-based learning m...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Ashmore PC

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large body size has been traditionally seen as the primary dietary adaptation of gorillas, facilitating their consumption of fibrous foods (Schaller ¿1963 The Mountain Gorilla; Watts ¿1990 Int. J. Primatol. 11:21-45). Nevertheless, recent research has emphasized frugivory among western lowland gorillas, as well as the...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Remis MJ

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The present study aimed at investigating the timing of birth across the day in a rural population of indigenous and nonindigenous women in the province of Formosa, Argentina in order to explore the variation in patterns in a non-Western setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This study utilized birth record data tr...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Chaney C,Goetz LG,Valeggia C

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies of the correlations between the languages spoken by human populations and the genes carried by the members of those populations have been limited by the small amount of genetic markers available and by approximations in the treatment of linguistic data. In this study we analyzed a large collection of ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Belle EM,Barbujani G

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Stark health inequalities exist in the present day between the North and South of England, with people in the South, overall, experiencing better health across a range of parameters (e.g., life expectancy and number of years spent in good health). Bioarchaeological studies of skeletal remains from cemeteries ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Newman SL,Gowland RL,Caffell AC

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The origins of the ancient Egyptian state and its formation have received much attention through analysis of mortuary contexts, skeletal material, and trade. Genetic diversity was analyzed by studying craniometric variation within a series of six time-successive Egyptian populations in order to investigate the evidenc...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Zakrzewski SR

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans are limited in their capacity to convert protein into energy. We present a hypothesis that a "bell" shaped thorax and a wide pelvis evolved in Neandertals, at least in part, as an adaptation to a high protein diet. A high protein diet created a need to house an enlarged liver and urinary system in a wider lower...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Ben-Dor M,Gopher A,Barkai R

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One trait that distinguishes the walking gaits of most primates from those of most mammalian nonprimates is the distribution of weight between the forelimbs and hindlimbs. Nonprimate mammals generally experience higher vertical peak substrate reaction forces on the forelimb than on the hindlimb. Primates, in contrast,...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Hanna JB,Polk JD,Schmitt D

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous research has revealed extensive genetic variation among villages on Bougainville, in the Solomon Islands. Using previously published gene frequency data for seven loci, the role of isolation by distance in structuring genetic variation on Bougainville was reanalyzed. Newer methods of kinship estimation show t...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Relethford JH

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although there is evidence for reduced fertility in Andean and Himalayan populations at higher altitudes, factors other than hypoxia may be primarily responsible. A valuable approach in the investigation of these fertility determinants is the use of salivary steroid assays. However, coca-leaf chewing--a ubiquitous pra...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Vitzthum VJ,von Dornum M,Ellison PT

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been generally assumed and theoretically argued that the curvature of finger and toe bones seen in some nonhuman primates is associated with cheiridial use in an arboreal setting. Assessment of such curvature in fossil primates has been used to infer the positional behavior of these animals. Several methods of ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Stern JT Jr,Jungers WL,Susman RL

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00