Abstract：
PURPOSE:To compare the in vitro toxicity of brilliant blue G (BBG), indocyanine green (ICG), Trypan blue (TB), and Evans blue (EB) in a human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) and a murine retinal ganglion/Muller glial (RGC) primary cell culture. DESIGN:In vitro cell biology experimental study. METHODS:The dose-dependent toxicity of the dyes was determined by exposing each dye at four different concentrations to the two cell cultures for a short exposure (three minutes) and a medium exposure (30 minutes). The time-dependent toxicity of the dyes was also determined. All four dyes, each diluted to 1/500th of stock concentration, were applied only to the ARPE-19 cells for a prolonged exposure of two, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Cell viability was measured via a mitochondrial dehydrogenase assay. RESULTS:BBG was the only dye to cause toxicity in the ARPE-19 cell line at short exposure times. BBG and TB demonstrated toxicity at medium exposure times. BBG and ICG demonstrated toxicity at long exposure times and dilute concentrations. At short exposure times, none of the dyes caused toxicity in the RGC mixed primary cultures. In contrast, at medium exposure times, all dyes except ICG demonstrated toxicity that lessened with lower concentrations. CONCLUSIONS:All dyes demonstrated relatively safe viability profiles in both cell lines at surgically relevant concentrations and times. Cell toxicity could be elicited at higher concentrations and longer exposure times. ICG had a favorable viability profile at almost all of the concentrations and times tested.
journal_name
Am J Ophthalmoljournal_title
American journal of ophthalmologyauthors
Yuen D,Gonder J,Proulx A,Liu H,Hutnik Cdoi
10.1016/j.ajo.2008.08.031subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-02-01 00:00:00pages
251-259.e2issue
2eissn
0002-9394issn
1879-1891pii
S0002-9394(08)00689-2journal_volume
147pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The extent of visual function loss from nuclear cataractous change can be estimated by observing the extinction of blue light compared to white light as a function of sagittal lens depth in standard slit lamps. Apparent extinction (loss of transmissivity) of 50% or more of the depth of the lens in blue light of maxima...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9394(81)90057-x
更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To report the occurrence of transient formed visual hallucinations following macular translocation. METHODS:Two case reports. RESULTS:Two white women aged 84 and 83 years with bilateral age-related macular degeneration and unilateral subfoveal choroidal neovascularization underwent macular translocation with ...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9394(00)00934-x
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the correlation between interocular difference in progression of glaucomatous damage and interocular differences in retrobulbar blood flow. METHODS:On the basis of a retrospective analysis of visual fields, progressive damage was identified in 20 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. As a para...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9394(99)00481-x
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) as a screening test for detecting hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine toxicity. DESIGN:Diagnostic accuracy study. METHODS:Patients referred to the University of Ottawa for hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine retinopathy screening during 2011-2014 underwent 10-2 ...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2019.04.025
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To describe the histologic development of the human central retina from fetal week (Fwk) 22 to 13 years. DESIGN:Retrospective observational case series. METHODS:Retinal layers and neuronal substructures were delineated on foveal sections of fixed tissue stained in azure II-methylene blue and on frozen section...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2012.05.007
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the efficacy of transconjunctival Müller muscle recession and graded levator disinsertion for eyelid retraction in patients with thyroid-related orbitopathy (TRO). DESIGN:Retrospective consecutive case series. METHODS:Medical record review of 78 TRO patients (107 eyelids) who underwent surgery for...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2005.02.034
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the accuracy and speed of using the computerized MatchedFlicker software program (EyeIC Inc, Narberth, Pennsylvania, USA) to evaluate glaucomatous optic disc change against the traditional gold standard of manually examining stereoscopic disc photographs. DESIGN:A prospective evaluation of diagnosti...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2016.03.031
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To provide insight into the course of retinal detachment in eyes with aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (APROP). DESIGN:Prospective, multicenter, masked clinical trial. METHODS:Multicenter trial based on serial digital photographic imaging detailing five infants (in the Photographic Screening fo...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2007.10.027
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy and safety of ophthalmic formulations of bimatoprost 0.01% and 0.0125% compared with bimatoprost 0.03%. DESIGN:Prospective, randomized, double-masked, multicenter clinical trial. METHODS:Patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension were randomized ...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2009.12.003
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lamellar keratoplasty was done in 18 eyes with keratoconus in an attempt to obtain a more satisfactory postoperative refractive error than that after penetrating keratoplasty. The refractive error after lamellar keratoplasty was better than that after 7.5-mm penetrating keratoplasties, but the vision was not as good. ...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9394(77)90563-3
更新日期：1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ultrashort, Q-switched or mode-locked, neodymium-YAG laser pulses focused within 2 mm of the retina caused reproducible retinal damage in four eyes of two monkeys and in four eyes of three rabbits. The distance of the laser focus from the retina for clinically observed threshold retinal damage was characterized for pu...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9394(14)77782-7
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To report a rare case of tuberculosis with facial abscess. METHODS:A 4 1/2-year-old girl had an acute left upper eyelid abscess and a large, spherical tumescence involving the right upper eyelid, eyebrow, and forehead. The left upper eyelid abscess was drained, and the mass involving the right eyelid, eyebrow,...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9394(14)70643-9
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Although the association of cystoid macular edema with peripheral choroidal melanoma has been studied previously, the pathogenesis of cystoid macular edema as evaluated by light and electron microscopy remains controversial. We evaluated the cause of cystoid macular edema at the retinal capillary level. METHOD...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9394(14)73867-x
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate optical coherence tomography in allergy-prone uveitis patients. METHODS:Thirty-four patients (43 eyes) with posterior uveitis (31 eyes) and intermediate uveitis (12 eyes) were evaluated by fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, and optical coherence tomography. Follow-up examinatio...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9394(00)00586-9
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the necessity for the heightened level of monitoring for cataract development in patients taking quetiapine (Seroquel, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, Delaware) dictated by the Physicians' Desk Reference. Also, to explore the possibility of cataractogenesis because of quetiapine therapy. ...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2004.05.038
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To report a case of primary systemic nonfamilial amyloidosis studied by fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography. METHODS:Case report. A 59-year-old woman with primary systemic nonfamilial amyloidosis presented bilateral diffuse deep hemorrhages and pigmentary mottling at the posterior pole. ...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9394(00)00506-7
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the incidence of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and secondary glaucoma in herpetic anterior uveitis (AU), owing to either herpes simplex or varicella zoster virus, by using the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) criteria, and to identify risk factors for the development of glaucoma....
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2017.06.013
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the effectiveness of arcuate keratotomy (AK) performed with a femtosecond laser (FSL) or Hanna keratome (Moria, Anthony, France) for correction of postkeratoplasty astigmatism. DESIGN:Prospective, randomized study. METHODS:This clinical study included 20 eyes. Two groups of 10 eyes underwent AK usi...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2008.12.017
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To identify factors related to variations in the appearance of untreated AIDS-related cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in severely immunodeficient individuals before the availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and to draw inferences regarding early events in the natural history of CMV retini...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2007.09.023
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bleomycin was administered to 126 normal or human-tumor-bearing baby rats we observed for the development of cataracts. Eighty-four percent of the rats receiving this drug before the age of 10 days developed lens opacities. Bleomycin given to 10-day-old rats or older did not induce cataract formation. The cataracts in...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9394(75)90223-8
更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the frequency of ocular adverse effects associated with vemurafenib (PLX4032) treatment for metastatic cutaneous melanoma. DESIGN:Retrospective review of the clinical study reports from the clinical pharmacology, phase 1, phase 2, and phase 3 trials of vemurafenib. METHODS:The vemurafenib clinica...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2014.07.003
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Hepatitis B vaccine has become an effective means of preventing complications of hepatitis B. However, it occasionally induces serious side effects. We report a case of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) that occurred following hepatitis B vaccination. METHODS:A 23-year-old woman with a one-week hi...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72074-4
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Of 76 members of a large pedigree with familial aniridia, 61% of the 38 affected patients had visual acuity of 6/9 (20/30) or better and only 5% had acuity of 6/60 (20/200) or worse. Cataracts were present in 18% of affected patients; glaucoma in 13%; and strabismus in 34%. Sixteen percent of affected patients had str...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9394(77)90139-8
更新日期：1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Holes of the peripheral retina, defined as full-thickness breaks of trophic origin with no associated flap or free operculum, were found in 136 (2.4%) eyes from 2,800 autopsied subjects. Primary retinal holes (those with no indication of a proximal causative lesion and with no lattice degeneration in either eye) occur...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9394(78)90239-8
更新日期：1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate whether use of donors predisposed by corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) reduced myopic refractive errors for keratoconic eyes after penetrating keratoplasty (PK). DESIGN:Randomized controlled trial. METHODS:One hundred sixteen eyes of 116 patients with keratoconus from Zhongshan Ophthalmic Ce...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2017.10.003
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To provide evidence that corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertension has a genetic component. DESIGN:Evidence-based perspective. METHODS:We conducted a comprehensive literature search for studies exploring genetic influences on intraocular pressure responses to corticosteroid treatment. RESULTS:Studies demons...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2019.02.001
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Although congenital epiblepharon is a relatively common condition, particularly in Asians, acquired lower eyelid epiblepharon is rare. METHOD:We examined an 8-year-old boy who developed unilateral lower eyelid epiblepharon after a subciliary incisional approach for repair of a zygomatico-orbital fracture. RES...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72084-7
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:We performed a histopathologic and immunohistologic study to determine the macromolecular and cellular components of subfoveal neovascular membranes removed at the time of submacular surgery. METHODS:Subfoveal neovascular membranes were surgically removed from ten patients (seven with age-related macular degen...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72158-0
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To assess the safety of rAAV.sFlt-1 subretinal injection in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD) over 36 months. DESIGN:Phase 1 dose escalation trial. METHODS:Eight subjects with advanced, treatment-experienced wet AMD were randomly assigned (3:1) to treatment and non-gene therapy control gr...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ajo.2017.02.018
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We applied vitreous surgical techniques in the treatment of hemorrhagic and fibrous complications of choroidal neovascular membranes by removing subretinal scars or hemorrhage, or both, in four patients. The surgical goals were achieved in all patients. Visual acuity improved in three patients. The major complication ...
journal_title：American journal of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9394(88)90116-x
更新日期：1988-01-15 00:00:00
