Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Colonized or infected patients are a major reservoir for patient-to-patient transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospitals. Despite attempted adherence to recommended infection prevention and control procedures, a general medicine unit in our hospital continued to experience ongoing transmission of MRSA. The role that colonization pressure (CP) plays in nosocomial transmission of MRSA on a general medicine unit was assessed, and a threshold CP above which additional IP&C practices should be implemented was proposed. METHODS:From January 2005 to December 2006, all patients admitted to a 36-bed general medicine unit were screened on admission for MRSA. Monthly MRSA nosocomial incidence (new nosocomial cases x 1000/susceptible patient-days) and CP (number of MRSA patient-days x 100/total patient-days) were calculated. The relative risk (RR) of MRSA transmission above and below the median CP with 95% confidence interval was calculated. RESULTS:Twenty-one cases of nosocomially acquired MRSA were detected during the study period, with transmission occurring in 8 separate months. The median CP during the 2 years was 6.7%. The RR of MRSA acquisition increased as CP increased above the median (RR, 7.6; 95% CI: 1.1-52.6; P = .008). MRSA outbreaks were declared on 2 separate occasions, and, in each, the CP for the preceding month was greater than the median value of 6.7%. CONCLUSION:CP has a significant effect on the subsequent transmission of MRSA on a general medicine unit. Ongoing monitoring of CP provides the opportunity for early implementation of enhanced infection prevention and control practices and can potentially decrease nosocomial transmission of MRSA and prevent outbreaks.
journal_name
Am J Infect Controljournal_title
American journal of infection controlauthors
Williams VR,Callery S,Vearncombe M,Simor AEdoi
10.1016/j.ajic.2008.05.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-03-01 00:00:00pages
106-10issue
2eissn
0196-6553issn
1527-3296pii
S0196-6553(08)00680-9journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:In 1999, licensed health care facilities in California (N = 2532) were invited to participate in a survey about occupational bloodborne pathogens exposure surveillance activities, recordkeeping methods, and use of safety-enhanced sharps devices. RESULTS:A total of 1274 facilities responded to the survey fro...
journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comparison of 2 different influenza seasons (2013-2014 and 2014-2015) where early vaccination among health care providers (HCPs) in the latter was the difference. Differences in leave of absence because of influenza-like illness (ILI) (52 vs 15 [total number of leave of absence issued], P < .001) and total days of l...
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
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abstract::This article contains guidelines for selection and design of audiovisual materials pertinent to the teaching of infection control. Clarity, rate of presentation, and color are emphasized because they may correlate directly with effective presentation and learner comprehension. The use of audiovisual programs may cut p...
journal_title:American journal of infection control
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
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更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Isolation precautions used against multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms are responsible for many emotional side effects. We evaluated patient's feeling after a hospitalization for an MDR infection. METHODS:We conducted a qualitative study that included 11 interviews from August 2017 to June 2018. We used phe...
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
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更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies conducted in the first decade of the AIDS epidemic indicated that, in general, dentists had suboptimal levels of compliance with standard infection control practices, including work practices designed to reduce exposure to bloodborne pathogens. This study was designed to assess current rates of compl...
journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has taken a heavy toll on human life and has upended the medical system in many countries. The disease has created a system wide worsening shortage of N95, medical masks, and other personal protective equipment (PPE) that is regularly used by healthcare person...
journal_title:American journal of infection control
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更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
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更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2005.01.008
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0196-6553(98)80035-7
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The potential risks associated with "toilet plume" aerosols produced by flush toilets is a subject of continuing study. This review examines the evidence regarding toilet plume bioaerosol generation and infectious disease transmission. METHODS:The peer-reviewed scientific literature was searched to identify...
journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2012.04.330
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2015.02.020
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2013.05.019
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2019.11.027
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2016.04.215
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2019.09.020
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2006.05.219
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since first reported in Europe in the early 1980s, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) have spread worldwide. When producing these broad-spectrum plasmid-encoded enzymes, organisms become highly effective at inactivating penicillins, most cephalosporins, and aztreonam. Mainly produced by Klebsiella spp, ESBLs ha...
journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2004.07.010
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1067/mic.2002.119926
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2010.04.216
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Handwashing is the single most important procedure in the prevention of nosocomial infections and yet it remains the most violated of all infection control procedures. With a sequential intervention study in an intensive care unit we have demonstrated that poor handwashing practices are associated with a high nosocomi...
journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0196-6553(89)90002-3
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA), a high-level disinfectant alternative to glutaraldehyde, was tested for efficacy against human hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) using surrogate animal viruses. HBV and HCV are the most prevalent human bloodborne viruses but have not yet been propagated in the laboratory. ...
journal_title:American journal of infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2007.08.005
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00