Engineering of papain: selective alteration of substrate specificity by site-directed mutagenesis.

abstract：:The DNA of Novikoff hepatoma ascites cells was found to contain a 3.6-megadalton EcoRI restriction fragment, referred to as EcoRI fragment A (Parker et al., 1979). C0t analyses demonstrated an enrichment of fragment A sequences in Novikoff hepatoma genome relative to normal rat liver DNA. This fragment was cloned in l...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Parker DL,Busch H,Rothblum LI

更新日期：1981-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin B12-dependent methionine synthase catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from methyltetrahydrofolate to homocysteine via the enzyme-bound cofactor methylcobalamin. To carry out this reaction, the enzyme must alternately stabilize six-coordinate methylcobalamin and four-coordinate cob(I)alamin oxidation state...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Jarrett JT,Amaratunga M,Drennan CL,Scholten JD,Sands RH,Ludwig ML,Matthews RG

更新日期：1996-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The influenza virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase protein complex contains an associated RNA endonuclease activity, which cleaves host mRNA precursors in the cell nucleus at defined positions 9-15 nucleotides downstream of the cap structure. This reaction provides capped oligoribonucleotides, which function as primers ...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Doan L,Handa B,Roberts NA,Klumpp K

更新日期：1999-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:At neutral pH, compound I of Arthromyces ramosus peroxidase (ARP) was stable and was reduced to ferric ARP without apparent formation of compound II upon titration with ascorbate or hydroquinone. In the titration experiments, compound II was seen as an intermediate only at alkaline pH. However, measuring a difference ...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Farhangrazi ZS,Copeland BR,Nakayama T,Amachi T,Yamazaki I,Powers LS

更新日期：1994-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The PRL (phosphatase of regenerating liver) phosphatases represent a distinct class of protein tyrosine phosphatases, which are implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis processes. Accumulating evidence indicates that alteration of PRL1 expression affects cell motility and tumor metastasis, although the biochemical p...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Luo Y,Liang F,Zhang ZY

更新日期：2009-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The reactivity of a series of para-substituted phenolic compounds in the peroxidation catalyzed by chloroperoxidase was investigated, and the results were interpreted on the basis of the binding characteristics of the substrates to the active site of the enzyme. Marked selectivity effects are observed. These operate t...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Casella L,Poli S,Gullotti M,Selvaggini C,Beringhelli T,Marchesini A

更新日期：1994-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The early redox events involved in iron reduction and mobilization in mammalian ferritin have been investigated by several techniques. Sedimentation velocity measurements of ferritin samples with altered core sizes, prepared by partial reduction and Fe2+ chelation, suggest two different events occur during iron loss f...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Jacobs DL,Watt GD,Frankel RB,Papaefthymiou GC

更新日期：1989-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The fidelity of DNA strand transfer reactions catalyzed by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase has been studied in vitro. A model system involving two sequential DNA strand transfers was developed to simulate the process of forced copy-choice recombination. A propensity for nucleotide misincorpor...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Peliska JA,Benkovic SJ

更新日期：1994-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Ppr from the purple phototrophic bacterium, Rhodospirillum centenum (also known as Rhodocista centenaria), is a hybrid of photoactive yellow protein (PYP), bacteriophytochrome (Bph), and histidine kinase (HK) domains. The holo-Ppr (containing both chromophores) exhibits characteristic absorption maxima at 435 nm due t...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Kyndt JA,Fitch JC,Meyer TE,Cusanovich MA

更新日期：2007-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Domains are in general less stable than the corresponding full-length proteins. Human utrophin tandem calponin-homology (CH) domain seems to be an exception. Reversible, equilibrium denaturant melts indicate that the isolated C-terminal domain (CH2) is thermodynamically more stable than the tandem CH domain. Thermal m...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Bandi S,Singh SM,Mallela KM

更新日期：2014-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A gentle and rapid isolation procedure is described yielding fractions containing better than 95% pure OmpF porin of Escherichia coli BE with different amounts of bound lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The procedure employs continuous free-flow electrophoresis (FFE) in the presence of detergent above its critical micelle con...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Holzenburg A,Engel A,Kessler R,Manz HJ,Lustig A,Aebi U

更新日期：1989-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The subtilisins have an extended substrate binding cleft comprising at least 8 subsites. Two pockets at the S1 and S4 sites are particularly conspicuous, and the interactions between substrate and these two pockets are very important for the substrate specificity. Phe residues have mutationally been introduced at one ...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Bech LM,Sørensen SB,Breddam K

更新日期：1993-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The only identified component of the scrapie prion is PrPSc, a glycosylinositol phospholipid (GPI)-linked protein that is derived from the cellular isoform (PrPC) by an as yet unknown posttranslational event. Analysis of the PrPSc GPI has revealed six different glycoforms, three of which are unprecedented. Two of the ...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Stahl N,Baldwin MA,Hecker R,Pan KM,Burlingame AL,Prusiner SB

更新日期：1992-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:TP40 is a chimeric protein containing transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) at the N-terminus and a derivative of a 40,000-Da segment (PE40 delta cys) of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE). PE40 delta cys contains domains Ib, II, and III of PE in which the cysteines are mutated to alanines. The rationale for inclusion o...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Sanyal G,Marquis-Omer D,Gress JO,Middaugh CR

更新日期：1993-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The solution structure of the C-terminal fragment 255-316 of thermolysin has been determined by two-dimensional proton NMR methods. For this disulfide-free fragment there was a previous proposal according to which it would fold into a stable helical structure forming a dimer at concentrations above 0.06 mM. A complete...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Rico M,Jiménez MA,González C,De Filippis V,Fontana A

更新日期：1994-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:De novo purine biosynthesis proceeds by two divergent paths. In bacteria, yeasts, and plants, 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide (AIR) is converted to 4-carboxy-AIR (CAIR) by two enzymes: N(5)-carboxy-AIR (N(5)-CAIR) synthetase (PurK) and N(5)-CAIR mutase (class I PurE). In animals, the conversion of AIR to CAIR requires...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Tranchimand S,Starks CM,Mathews II,Hockings SC,Kappock TJ

更新日期：2011-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The serotonin transporter (SERT) is a member of a highly homologous family of proteins responsible for the reuptake of biogenic amines from the synaptic cleft. We took advantage of native restriction sites in SERT to construct a chimeric transporter containing a small (34 amino acid) region of the norepinephrine trans...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Stephan MM,Chen MA,Penado KM,Rudnick G

更新日期：1997-02-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Human lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT, E.C.2.3.1.43) is a serine-type esterase that contains six cysteines, two of which, Cys31 and Cys184, are free. The remaining cysteines form disulfide links. One of these is between Cys50 and Cys74 and the other is between Cys313 and Cys356. The cDNA of LCAT and mutants...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Qu SJ,Fan HZ,Blanco-Vaca F,Pownall HJ

更新日期：1993-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and a library of FTIR marker bands have been used to examine the structure and relative flexibilities conferred by different flanking sequences on the EcoRI binding site. This approach allowed us to examine unique peaks and subtle changes in the spectra of d(AAAGAATTCTTT)...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Kahn TR,Fong KK,Jordan B,Lek JC,Levitan R,Mitchell PS,Wood C,Hatcher ME

更新日期：2009-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein L is a multidomain protein expressed at the surface of some strains of the anaerobic bacterial species Peptostreptococcus magnus. It has affinity for immunoglobulin (Ig) through interaction with framework structures in the variable Ig light chain domain. The Ig-binding activity is located to five homologous re...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Wikström M,Drakenberg T,Forsén S,Sjöbring U,Björck L

更新日期：1994-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Budding of retroviruses requires the structural precursor polyprotein, Gag, to target the plasma membrane through its N-terminal matrix (MA) domain. For HIV-1, the interaction between membrane signaling molecule phosphatidylinositol 4,5-diphosphate (PIP2) and MA induces the exposure of myristate and promotes membrane ...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Chen K,Bachtiar I,Piszczek G,Bouamr F,Carter C,Tjandra N

更新日期：2008-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Electron donation from the soluble cytochrome (cyt) c2 to the photooxidized primary donor, P+, of reaction centers isolated from Rhodobacter sphaeroides was studied by using chemical zero-length cross-linking. This cross-linking stabilizes a 1:1 covalent complex between subunit M of the reaction center and cyt c2. In ...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Drepper F,Dorlet P,Mathis P

更新日期：1997-02-11 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the first experimental characterization of the full thermodynamic profile for binding of urea to a native protein. We measured the volumetric parameters of lysozyme at pH 7.0 as a function of urea within a temperature range of 18-45 °C. At neutral pH, lysozyme retains its native conformation between 0 and 8 ...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Son I,Chalikian TV

更新日期：2016-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The Escherichia coli Ada protein repairs methyl phosphotriesters in DNA by direct, irreversible methyl transfer to one of its own cysteine residues. The methyl-transfer process appears to be autocatalyzed by coordination of the acceptor residue, Cys-69, to a tightly bound zinc ion. Upon methyl transfer, Ada acquires t...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Myers LC,Verdine GL,Wagner G

更新日期：1993-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The number of self-cleaving ribozymes has increased sharply in recent years, giving rise to elaborations of the four known ribozyme catalytic strategies, α, β, γ, and δ. One such extension is utilized by the twister ribozyme, which is hypothesized to conduct δ, or general acid catalysis, via N3 of the syn adenine +1 n...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Messina KJ,Kierzek R,Tracey MA,Bevilacqua PC

更新日期：2019-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Three electrochromic difference spectra induced by the deposition of (1) a negative charge on the primary quinone acceptor, Q(A), (2) a positive charge on (or near) Tyr161 of the D1 subunit (Y(Z)), and (3) a positive charge on the manganese cluster were determined at room temperature in photosystem II (PSII) core part...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Mulkidjanian AY,Cherepanov DA,Haumann M,Junge W

更新日期：1996-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The Met16Phe mutant of the type 1 copper protein pseudoazurin (PACu), in which a phenyl ring is introduced close to the imidazole moiety of the His81 ligand, has been characterized. NMR studies indicate that the introduced phenyl ring is parallel to the imidazole group of His81. The mutation has a subtle effect on the...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Yanagisawa S,Sato K,Kikuchi M,Kohzuma T,Dennison C

更新日期：2003-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this work is to determine the molecular mechanism and regulation of short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD) from Megasphaera elsdenii. To achieve this, the gene coding for SCAD from M. elsdenii was cloned and sequenced. Site-directed mutagenesis was then used to identify an amino acid residue that i...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Becker DF,Fuchs JA,Banfield DK,Funk WD,MacGillivray RT,Stankovich MT

更新日期：1993-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Anastellin is a small recombinant fragment derived from the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin; it comprises the first type III (FN3) domain without the two N-terminal β-strands. It inhibits angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis in mouse models and requires endogenous fibronectin for its in vivo anti-angiog...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Stine JM,Ahl GJH,Schlenker C,Rusnac DV,Briknarová K

更新日期：2017-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase (FNR) suggests that Ser96 is directly involved in hydride transfer between the isoalloxazine moiety of FAD and the nicotinamide ring of NADP(H). To probe its role, Ser96 has been mutated to valine (S96V) and glycine (S96G). These mutations primarily affected the inte...

journal_title：Biochemistry

authors： Aliverti A,Bruns CM,Pandini VE,Karplus PA,Vanoni MA,Curti B,Zanetti G

更新日期：1995-07-04 00:00:00