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Ectopic expression of P-cadherin correlates with promoter hypomethylation early in colorectal carcinogenesis and enhanced intestinal crypt fission in vivo.

Abstract：

:P-cadherin is normally expressed in the basal layer of squamous epithelia and absent from the healthy intestine and colon. We have previously shown it to be expressed in all inflamed, hyperplastic, and dysplastic intestinal and colonic mucosa. This study aimed to better understand the mechanisms controlling the expression of P-cadherin and the biological effects of its ectopic presence in the intestine and colon. We investigated the CpG methylation status of the P-cadherin (CDH3) promoter and P-cadherin mRNA and protein expression in cases of familial and sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). The CDH3 promoter was hypomethylated in colonic aberrant crypt foci, in CRC, and, occasionally, in the normal epithelium adjacent to cancer, demonstrating a potential "field effect" of cancerization. The hypomethylation was also associated with induction of P-cadherin expression in the neoplastic colon (P < 0.0001). We then created transgenic mice that overexpressed P-cadherin specifically in the intestinal and colonic epithelium under the liver fatty acid binding protein promoter. Forced ectopic expression of P-cadherin accompanied by indomethacin-induced inflammation resulted in a 3-fold higher crypt fission rate within the small and large intestines in the homozygous mice compared with the wild-type animals (P < 0.02). We conclude that epigenetic demethylation of the P-cadherin promoter in the human intestine permits its ectopic expression very early in the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence and persists during invasive cancer. Induced P-cadherin expression, especially in mucosal damage, leads to an increased rate of crypt fission, a common feature of clonal expansion in gastrointestinal dysplasia.

journal_name

Cancer Res

journal_title

Cancer research

authors

Milicic A,Harrison LA,Goodlad RA,Hardy RG,Nicholson AM,Presz M,Sieber O,Santander S,Pringle JH,Mandir N,East P,Obszynska J,Sanders S,Piazuelo E,Shaw J,Harrison R,Tomlinson IP,McDonald SA,Wright NA,Jankowski JA

doi

10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0020

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-10-01 00:00:00

pages

7760-8

issue

19

eissn

0008-5472

issn

1538-7445

pii

68/19/7760

journal_volume

68

pub_type

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