Abstract：
:There have been few reports concerning facilitation and depression in sympathetic ganglia9,17,40. In the present investigation, pairs of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) were recorded intracellularly from bullfrog paravertebral sympathetic ganglia for an analysis of the site and mechanism responsible for the phenomena of facilitation and depression of ganglionic transmission. The ratio of the amplitude of the second of a depression of ganglionic transmission. The ratio of the amplitude of the second of a pair of EPSPs divided by the first was compared to the time interval between each pair of EPSPs divided by the first was compared to the time interval between each pulse. These ratios demonstrated two phases: an earlier phase of facilitation (20-500 msec pulse intervals) and a later phase of depression (500 msec-10 sec). Additional parameters-rate of rise of synaptic potentials (dV/dt), synaptic currents (EPSCs), and synaptic conductances (Gtr)-were determined and all confirmed the results obtained with EPSPs. Furthermore, the degree of facilitation or depression could be modulated by altering the extracellular concentration of calcium. On the other hand, comparison of the amplitude of pairs of presynaptic terminal spikes did not show any variability over similar stimulus intervals, nor were the amplitudes of miniature EPSPs significantly different before or after an evoked EPSP. Therefore, the processes of facilitation and depression of ganglionic transmission occur as a result of normal nerve terminal activity. The processes are occurring simultaneously, such that one or the other may predominate depending upon the interval between pulses, as well as the relative concentration of extracellular calcium.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Tashiro N,Gallagher JP,Nishi Sdoi
10.1016/0006-8993(76)90840-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1976-12-10 00:00:00pages
45-62issue
1eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
0006-8993(76)90840-4journal_volume
118pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:Binding activities specific for each of [3H]prostaglandin (PG) D2, E2 and F2 alpha were detected in the P2 fraction of the human brain homogenates. The bindings were time-dependent, saturable and of high affinity; Kd values were 30 nM for all the PG bindings. Regional distribution of these binding activities was deter...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)91358-7
更新日期：1985-09-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Damage to the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and diencephalon results in impaired long-term memory, which relies on the binding of multiple, mostly contextual, features. Recent neuroimaging and patient studies have suggested that impairments may also be present in working memory after MTL or diencephalic damage. To examin...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2007.07.066
更新日期：2007-10-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain/kidney (B/K) protein is a new protein of 474 amino acids, which contains two C2 domains structurally homologous to those present in synaptotagmins. The expression of B/K protein was identified in the rat retina and B/K protein immunoreactivity was localized to a number of ganglion cells, a few amacrine cells and...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02014-x
更新日期：2000-03-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Concentrations of monoamines and metabolites and uric acid were measured in sequential 15-min microdialysis samples taken from the area of the supraoptic nucleus (SON) in 9 urethane-anaesthetized rats. A decrease in blood pressure of 40 mm Hg was induced by withdrawing 3-4 ml of blood from an indwelling jugular cathet...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(88)91016-5
更新日期：1988-02-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The hypothesis that early social isolation results in long-term alterations in dopamine receptor sensitivity was tested using older adult rhesus monkeys. Isolated and control monkeys were challenged with apomorphine (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg), and the drug effects on spontaneous blink rate, stereotyped behavior, and self-inj...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(90)91089-y
更新日期：1990-04-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study aimed to employ an electrophysiological approach to evaluate the adaptive task-set inhibition hypothesis. According to the adaptive task-set inhibition hypothesis, task switching should depend on whether the previous trial is univalent or bivalent. This study employed a pairwise task-switching paradi...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2008.11.103
更新日期：2009-02-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Developmental differences (9- to 15-year-olds) in effective connectivity in left hemisphere regions were examined using dynamic causal modeling (DCM) of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. Children completed spelling tasks in the visual and auditory modalities in which they were asked to determine if tw...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2007.10.080
更新日期：2008-01-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Oa1 is the casual gene for ocular albinism-1 in humans. The gene product OA1, alternatively designated as GPR143, belongs to G-protein coupled receptors. It has been reported that OA1 is a specific receptor for 3, 4-dihydroxy- L-phenylalanine (DOPA) in retinal pigmental epithelium where DOPA facilitates the pigmentati...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2015.01.020
更新日期：2015-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Wistar rats were selectively bred over 10 generations for differences in performance in a footshock-motivated brightness discrimination (BD) test in a Y-maze. High behavioral performance (Wis/HBP) and low behavioral performance (Wis/LBP) rat lines were obtained which differ significantly in all behavioral components t...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(92)90375-j
更新日期：1992-01-08 00:00:00
abstract：:An in vitro preparation of the medulla oblongata of the rat was used to examine the responses to reducing pH, at constant CO2, of neurons in several identified nuclei. Neurons in an area close to the ventral surface, which is thought to be the location of pH-sensitive central respiratory chemoreceptors, did not respon...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(83)90300-1
更新日期：1983-07-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The response of the endoneurial vasculature in rat sciatic nerve following crush injury was investigated by morphometric analysis of serial nerve transverse sections at the site of injury and in distal segments at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 9 weeks after injury. Quantitative analysis included determination of the number of vesse...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(93)90018-i
更新日期：1993-09-24 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was performed to investigate the mechanism how amantadine increases the extracellular dopamine (DA) levels in the striatum in vivo. Local application of amantadine (1 mM, 40 min) to the striatum through the dialysis membrane significantly increased the extracellular DA levels. Coadministration of nomifensin...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(94)90821-4
更新日期：1994-10-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Converging evidence implicates alterations in multiple signaling pathways in the etiology of schizophrenia. Previously, these studies were limited to the analysis of one or a few phosphoproteins at a time. Here, we use a novel kinase array platform to simultaneously investigate the convergence of multiple signaling ca...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2014.04.029
更新日期：2014-06-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of aging on the properties of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the forebrain of female NMRI mice was investigated using the antagonist [3H]MK-801 as radioligand. Compared to young (3 months) mice, aged (20 months) mice showed changes of the properties of the NMDA receptor at three different levels: ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(92)90892-d
更新日期：1992-07-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Developmental delay, cognitive impairment, and refractory epilepsy are the most frequent consequences found in patients suffering from malformations of cortical development (MCD). However, therapeutic options for these psychiatric and neurological comorbidities are currently limited. The development of white matter un...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2015.07.012
更新日期：2015-10-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Our previous studies indicated that L-type calcium channel blocker diltiazem could potentiate pentobarbital-induced hypnosis through serotonergic system. In view of the important role of dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) on the sleep regulation and the pharmacological actions of calcium channel blocker, we presumed that Ca(2...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2011.05.064
更新日期：2011-07-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracerebroventricular (ICV) streptozotocin (STZ) treated rat has been described as a suitable model for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Central application of STZ has demonstrated behavioral and neurochemical features that resembled those found in human AD. Chronic treatments with antioxidants, acetylcholinestera...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2011.09.056
更新日期：2011-12-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) has been proposed as an intercellular messenger mediating postsynaptic to presynaptic information transfer in the induction of long-term potentiation. A number of studies support the possible involvement of NO in synaptic plasticity. NO may have a role in synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity in dev...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01161-5
更新日期：1999-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Several neurodevelopmental disorders, including schizophrenia, autism, ADD/ADHD and dyslexia are believed to originate during gestation and involve white matter abnormalities. Modulation of glutamate environments and glutamate receptors has also been implicated in alteration of oligodendrocytes, the myelin forming cel...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2008.06.126
更新日期：2008-10-09 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed a computer-assisted method for analyzing the 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) autoradiograms of mice olfactory bulbs. The purpose of the study was to numerize the maps of glomerular activation in order to achieve a statistical comparison of the glomerular patterns evoked by different stimuli. The spatial distri...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(87)90173-9
更新日期：1987-08-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Hippocampal cholinergic neurons are sensitive to acute ethanol administration, and specific alterations are seen in the functioning of these neurons following chronic ethanol. The present study examined the effects of chronic ethanol exposure and withdrawal on the sensitivity of the hippocampus to local injection of p...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)90500-1
更新日期：1985-06-03 00:00:00
abstract：:To identify parameters of optic tract growth that may be independent of the region of the CNS in which the tract develops, eye primordia of embryonic Rana pipiens were transplanted to a variety of ectopic locations adjacent to the hindbrain and spinal cord. Longitudinal growth direction, cross-sectional growth positio...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(78)90004-5
更新日期：1978-12-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Post-traumatic invasion of macrophages into the cochlear nerve of the rat and measurement of how their invasion was modified by the administration of methylprednisolone were investigated for the first time by using a reproducible and quantifiable experimental model of cochlear nerve injury. Two weeks after precise coc...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02523-9
更新日期：2001-06-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Two distinct serotonin receptors in mammalian brain are labeled respectively with [3H]serotonin (5-HT1) and [3H]spiperone (5-HT2). In general agonists display highest affinities for 5-HT1 while antagonists prefer 5-HT2 sites. To conduct regional studies of 5-HT receptors, we estimated 5-HT2 sites with [3H]spiperone, u...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(81)90562-x
更新日期：1981-03-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanical hyperalgesia is an early symptom of diabetic neuropathy. To evaluate the mechanisms underlying this symptom, it was studied and compared in rat models of systemic and local hyperglycemia. Systemic hyperglycemia was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg). Local hyperglycemia either i...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(02)03828-3
更新日期：2003-01-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Thyroid hormones are critical for the maturation and function of the central nervous system. Insufficiency of thyroid hormones in the adulthood causes a wide range of cognitive dysfunctions, including deficits in learning and memory. The present study investigated whether adult-onset hypothyroidism would alter synapti...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.04.042
更新日期：2006-06-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of mu opioid receptors in the nucleus raphe dorsalis (DR) in the control of apomorphine-induced aggression was studied in rats. Administration in the DR of a selective mu opioid receptor agonist, (D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4,Gly5-ol)-enkephalin (DAGO), in doses ranging from 0.01 to 1 microgram/0.5 microliter, dose-depen...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(89)90706-3
更新日期：1989-05-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Cocaine (25 mg/kg i.p.) produces analgesia in the rat within 5 min and for a duration of 90 min as determined by the formalin test or for 30 min as determined by the hot plate test. Cocaine analgesia is unaffected by doses of naloxone that are sufficient to attenuate morphine analgesia in both tests. Chlorpromazine (3...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(89)91633-8
更新日期：1989-02-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Metallothioneins (MTs) are metal-binding proteins that are expressed in many tissues including brain. MTs protect cells and organs against metal toxicity and oxidants. Among MTs, a brain-predominant subtype MT-III has prominent neuroprotective activity against various types of damage. Here we show that the expression ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(03)02633-7
更新日期：2003-06-20 00:00:00
abstract：:A substantial part of language understanding depends on our previous experiences, but part of it consists of the creation of new meanings. Such new meanings cannot be retrieved from memory but still have to be constructed. The goals of this article were: first, to explore the nature of new meaning creation, and second...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2007.09.014
更新日期：2007-12-05 00:00:00
