Abstract:
:Resistance to antimicrobial agents in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria is common in Turkey. In this review, resistance to several antimicrobial agents in this country is discussed for bacteria which have gained clinical importance in recent years. Among Gram-positives, staphylococci are of major importance because of their high level of resistance to many agents in the hospital and the community. Methicillin resistance in different hospitals ranges from 13% to 37%. High-level resistance to gentamicin occur in enterococci and resistance to glycopeptides have not been reported in these isolates. S. pneumoniae resistance to penicillin have been observed in Turkey as 47% in Hacettepe University and most of the resistant isolates were from children with severe underlying diseases. In reports from other hospitals, the level of resistance was lower because of a different patient population. In Gram-negative bacilli, aminoglycoside resistance is a significant problem in the treatment of severe infections in our country. The most common mechanism of resistance in our isolates is the plasmid-mediated enzymatic modification of these agents. Extended-broad spectrum beta-lactamases have been detected in Klebsiella spp. and Salmonella spp. in Turkey. In a Pseudomonas strain, an extended-spectrum variant of OXA-10 was identified. Some isolates were also shown to produce plasmid mediated PER-1 enzymes. Due to resistance problems encountered in many hospitals, restriction control measures have been started in some hospitals in order to limit the antibiotic use and our hope is the country-wide application of these precautions as soon as possible.
journal_name
Int J Antimicrob Agentsjournal_title
International journal of antimicrobial agentsauthors
Gür D,Unal S,Akalin HEdoi
10.1016/0924-8579(95)00026-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-09-01 00:00:00pages
23-6issue
1eissn
0924-8579issn
1872-7913pii
0924-8579(95)00026-5journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential host defence molecules found in a wide variety of species and are promising antibacterial therapeutic candidates. Focusing on the human cathelicidin peptide LL-37, the aim of the present study was to explore the mechanisms of action and antimicrobial activities of a library ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.06.031
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellulitis is a commonly seen clinical syndrome that is most often associated with beta-haemolytic streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus. Several medical conditions and a variety of procedures can predispose to the development of cellulitis by a common mechanism: venous and lymphatic compromise. The precise pathophys...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00169-7
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.12.003
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The global spread of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp) has become a massive threat to human health. We investigated the clonal relatedness of CR-Kp strains in central Taiwan. METHODS:CR-Kp strains were prospectively collected from inpatients referred to Chung Shan Medical University Hospita...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.04.023
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters--(i) the peak concentration to the minimum inhibitory concentration ratio (C(max)/MIC); (ii) the area under the concentration-time curve to MIC ratio (AUC(24h)/MIC); and (iii) the time the concentration exceeds the MIC (T>MIC)--are important predictors of the clinical e...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(01)00406-x
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a global pandemic disease referred to as coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). Hydroxychloroquine (CLQ-OH)/azithromycin (ATM) combination therapy is currently being tested for the treatment of COVID-19, with promising results. However, the molecular mechanism of...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106020
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiotic treatment represents a mainstay of therapy for clinical sepsis. Distinct from their antimicrobial effects, antibiotics may impact the inflammatory process in sepsis, e.g. within the intestinal microcirculation. The impact of seven antibiotics relevant to clinical sepsis on intestinal leukocyte recruitment a...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.02.024
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gentamicin-containing polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) beads are frequently used to prevent and treat orthopaedic infections. The beads are typically inserted to fill anatomical defects secondary to surgical debridement. Local gentamicin use results in low serum levels whilst achieving high concentrations at the site of ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.03.008
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of subinhibitory concentrations of amikacin and ciprofloxacin on the hydrophobicity and adherence to uroepithelial cells of Escherichia coli strains was investigated. The hydrophobicity of the tested strains was evaluated by the bacterial adherence to hydrocarbon-xylene test and by the salt aggregation test...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.01.007
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial osteomyelitis is a major clinical challenge in human and veterinary patients. This infection is an infrequent but feared complication of orthopedic surgery and is mainly caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of dalbavancin (dosed for ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106021
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to identify factors associated with virological response (VR) to raltegravir (RAL)-containing regimens in 468 treatment-experienced but integrase inhibitor-naive HIV-1 patients receiving a RAL-containing regimen. VR was defined at Month 6 (M6) as HIV-1 RNA viral load (VL) <50 copies/mL. The impacts on...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.02.016
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro pharmacokinetic models are excellent tools with which to study an antibacterial's pharmacodynamics (pD), being flexible, adaptable, low cost, and correlating well with animal and human systems. They can be used to perform simple descriptive studies on antibacterial effect, determine the dominant pD factor and...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(02)00027-4
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the process of endourological development a variety of foreign bodies have been invented besides urinary catheters, on which biofilm can be formed. Bacteria in the biofilm are less susceptible to antibiotics. An additional problem of medical biomaterials in the urinary tract environment is the development of encrus...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2003.12.007
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the abuse of macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin (MLS), the traditionally safe bifidobacterial strains in the human intestine could serve as a reservoir of MLS resistance genes. In this study, the erm(X) gene was detected in 29 MLS-resistant strains and one MLS-susceptible strain among 92 bifidobacterial st...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.04.007
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant pathogen implicated in numerous outbreaks worldwide, with a notably high mortality rate (ca. 60%). A significant challenge with treatment of these infections is the resistance of C. auris to most antifungal drugs used clinically. Thus, finding co-drugs capable of overco...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.08.016
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies have demonstrated that sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of antimicrobial agents can inhibit bacterial biofilm formation. However, the mechanisms by which antimicrobial agents at sub-MICs inhibit biofilm formation remain unclear. At present, most studies are focused on Gram-negative bacteri...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.01.009
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the results of a study on the activity of the farnesyl-pyrophosphate synthase inhibitor risedronate (Ris) in a murine model of acute Chagas' disease. This compound displays rapid, cytocidal activity in vitro against Trypanosoma cruzi, but its in vivo activity had not been investigated previously. A murine mo...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2003.07.019
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the spread of bla(OXA-51)-type beta-lactamase genes in 200 Acinetobacter spp. clinical strains isolated in Argentina from 1982 to 2005. bla(OXA-51)-type genes were present in all Acinetobacter baumannii isolates tested (n=194), whereas they were not detected in two Acinetobacter haemolyticus, two genom...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.03.023
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two general strategies have been adopted to develop catheter materials that resist encrustaion by bacterial biofilms: (a) the incorporation of antimicrobial agents into the polymers and (b) the production of materials with surface properties which prevent the adherence of bacterial cells. Our experience to develop non...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(02)00091-2
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-toxigenic strains of Clostridium difficile are highly effective in preventing toxigenic C. difficile infection in hamsters when given following a single dose of an antimicrobial agent. The goal of this study was to determine the ability of non-toxigenic C. difficile to colonise hamsters during administration of an...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0924-8579(09)70017-2
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(02)00127-9
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To describe the relationship between the ratio of the 24-h area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(24)) to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) as well as the effect of linezolid on Staphylococcus aureus, the killing kinetics of three S. aureus strains was studied by in vitro simulation of 5-day antibiotic dosi...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.09.006
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::MIC distribution and susceptibility to four antimicrobial agents were determined by E-test for 94 Helicobacter pylori isolates from Costa Rica. Disk diffusion was evaluated as an alternative method to determine susceptibility and compared with the E-test results by linear regression analysis and an error-rate bounded ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.07.009
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Europe, a novel mecA homologue - mecC (formerly mecALGA251) - has emerged recently in staphylococci from animals, humans and the environment. This paper reports the first occurrence of the mecC gene in Staphylococcus sciuri from cows and manure in Tunisia and Africa. Forty-nine coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.10.007
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a major cause of healthcare-associated infections. Antipseudomonal carbapenems are among the antimicrobial agents used to treat PA infections, but several mechanisms of resistance, including the production of a carbapenemase (CP), may compromise their clinical efficacy. The objectives of...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105959
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::New, aggressive forms of immunosuppression and an increasing population of patients at risk provide fertile ground for opportunistic invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Particularly challenging is the changing epidemiology of IFIs: rare pathogens are now more common and resistant strains are emerging among species that...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type:
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.08.014
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, the activity of 18 non-carbapenem antibiotics was evaluated against 100 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) and 50 ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp) isolated from urinary tract infections and bacteraemia in 2016. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs)...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.03.014
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::PCR amplification of 55 strains of Enterobacter cloacae indicated 51 of them had amp C structural gene verified by DNA sequence and Southern blotting. All PCR products were cleaved into 666- and 328-bp fragments by Kpn1 restriction enzyme. Imipenem was the most potent inducer for mRNA expression of amp C gene and beta...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(01)00414-9
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, only two drugs, i.e. ganciclovir, (DHPG, cytovene)_and foscarent (PFA, Foscavir), are licenced for the treatment of severe CMV infections. Both compounds may have serious side effects and can lead to the emergence of drug-resistant virus strains. Recent pertain to the efficacy of prophylactic or pre-emptive...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0924-8579(93)90012-t
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated the activity of colistin, rifampicin, imipenem and sulbactam/ampicillin alone or in combination against nine epidemic multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates producing OXA-58 carbapenemase in Naples, Italy. The isolates were susceptible to colistin but differed in their resistance to ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.07.007
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00