Abstract:
:Simple reaction times (RTs) were measured to brief temporally blurred (total onset 570 ms) Gaussian isoluminant chromatic patches (s.d. 0.5 degrees) whose chromaticities lay along the cardinal chromatic axes (0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees in MBDKL color space). Bipolar adapting stimuli were employed (0 degrees versus 180 degrees or 90 degrees versus 270 degrees). These were larger Gaussian blobs (s.d. 1 degree), modulating sinusoidally between the two hues at 1 Hz. Throughout, the background was illuminant "C" (x = 0.31, y = 0.316, L = 12.5). In a single run, a series of 64 or 32 stimuli were presented without adaptation, followed by 64 or 32 stimuli each of which was preceded by 3 s of adaptation, either along the same or the orthogonal chromatic axis. Finally, 192 or 128 RTs were recorded to measure the time course of recovery from adaptation. Both adapting and test stimuli were presented at fixed supra-threshold contrasts. The effect of adaptation was seen as a lengthening of the RT, which occurred in the first few seconds of the adaptation period. After cessation of adaptation, there was a similarly rapid shortening of RT, although full recovery took 60-90 s. Adaptation gain functions suggested that the S-(L + M) system was less prone to adaptation than L-M.
journal_name
Vis Neuroscijournal_title
Visual neuroscienceauthors
Parry NR,Murray IJ,McKeefry DJdoi
10.1017/S0952523808080449subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-05-01 00:00:00pages
405-10issue
3eissn
0952-5238issn
1469-8714pii
S0952523808080449journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Recurrent projections comprise a universal feature of cerebral organization. Here, we show that the corticofugal projections from the striate cortex (VI) to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) robustly and multiplicatively enhance the responses of parvocellular neurons, stimulated by gratings restricted to the classi...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800174012
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distributions of rod and cone photoreceptors have been determined in the retina of the California ground squirrel, Spermophilus beecheyi. Retinas were fixed by perfusion and the rods and cones were detected with indirect immunofluorescence using opsin antibodies. Local densities were determined at 2-mm intervals a...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523898154081
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms that mediate the calcium influx in mammalian horizontal cells were studied. Horizontal cells (HCs) enzymatically dissociated from the rabbit retina were recorded by the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique and by calcium image ratioespectrophotometry of Fura-2 loaded cells. AMPA-preferring ...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult Japanese quail have an endogenous circadian clock located in their eyes that has been shown to regulate melatonin biosynthesis. We investigated if a circadian oscillator is present in cultures of dispersed embryonic quail retina. Melatonin release in retinal cell culture is modulated by the light cycle, indicati...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523899165040
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinae of the crab Leptograpsus which had been maintained on a 12-h light/12-h dark cycle were cultured in vitro and exposed to 1 microM okadaic acid (OKA) at 0.75 h before light onset. Control retinae were subjected to the same routine and sampled at the same times without OKA treatment. At the concentration used, O...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800010920
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of the present study was to relate the dark and light-adapted flash sensitivity of the scotopic threshold response (STR) and rod b-wave of the electroretinogram (ERG) to behaviorally measured rod increment threshold responses. Small amplitudes of the dark-adapted STR and b-wave, the latter after application o...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523801184142
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surround enhancement (sensitization) is a poorly understood form of network adaptation in which the kinetics of the responses of retinal neurons to test stimuli become faster, and absolute sensitivity of the responses increases with increasing level of steady, surrounding light. Surround enhancement has been observed ...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800006751
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800012578
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The multi-input technique of Sutter and Tran (1992) yields multiple focal ERGs. The purpose here was to compare the components of this multifocal ERG to the components of the standard, full-field ERG. To record multifocal ERGs, an array of 103 hexagons was displayed on a monitor. Full-field (Ganzfeld) ERGs were elicit...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800012190
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent interest in nitric oxide and its relationship to cGMP has produced many attempts to anatomically localize the enzyme synthesizing nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase. In the retina, numerous previous studies have used the NADPH-diaphorase enzyme activity of nitric oxide synthase as a histochemical method to loc...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800012670
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The modulatory influence of pretectal neurons on retino-geniculate transmission in the cat was studied by cross-correlation analysis of single-unit activity simultaneously recorded from the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) and the pretectum (PT) and with reversible inactivation of the PT by GABA microiontophor...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800007288
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following up on a prior study of contour and brightness processing in visual masking (Breitmeyer et al., 2006), we investigated the effects of a binocular and dichoptic para-contrast masking on the visibility of the contour and brightness of a target presented to the other eye. Combined, the results support the contri...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523807070393
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study of the tree shrew, Tupaia belangeri, provides evidence for an intracollicular pathway that arises in the superficial gray layer and terminates in the optic layer. As a first step, Nissl, myelin, and cytochrome oxidase stains were used to identify the layers of the superior colliculus in the tree shrew. Seco...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800008464
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anterograde transport of cholera toxin subunit B (CTb) was used to study the retinal projections in birds, with an emphasis on retinohypothalamic connections. Pigeons (Columbia livia) were deeply anesthetized and received unilateral intraocular injections of CTb. In addition to known contralateral retinorecipient regi...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800002376
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multifocal VEP (mfVEP) responses were obtained from 13 normal human subjects for nine test conditions, covering three viewing conditions (dichoptic and left and right monocular), and three different temporal stimulation forms (rapid contrast reversal, rapid pattern pulse presentation, and slow pattern pulse presentati...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523805221053
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the arthropod medulla, which is the second ganglion on the afferent visual pathway, a column of about 40 cells represents each point in space (i.e. compound eye facet). Some stages of visual processing underlying the responses of one class of cells in the locust medulla have been identified. These transient cells g...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800004831
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The morphological characteristics of the eyes and the retinae of lanternfish larvae of Lampanyctus crocodilus, Benthosema glaciale, and Myctophum punctatum were analyzed in pre-flexion, flexion, and post-flexion stages. Pre-flexion larvae of L. crocodilus, the species with the shallowest depth distribution, had spheri...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523807070484
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many cell types in the retina are coupled via gap junctions and so there is a pressing need for a potent and reversible gap junction antagonist. We screened a series of potential gap junction antagonists by evaluating their effects on dye coupling in the network of A-type horizontal cells. We evaluated the following c...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523807070472
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rod and cone photoresponses in a variety of species have been accurately described with linear multistage filter models. In this study, the response latency and initial coding of intensity at two higher levels of visual processing are related to such photoreceptor responses. One level is the retinal output (spiking di...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800012499
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800008622
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800176035
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800003825
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some visual stimuli produce a strong percept of motion, even though they fail to excite motion detectors based on Fourier energy or cross correlation. Models which suffice to explain the motion percept in these non-Fourier motion (NFM) stimuli include linear spatiotemporal filtering, followed by rectification, followe...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800009573
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of freely-flying honeybees to track moving targets was examined by training them to collect a reward on a target, and then videotaping their approach to the target while it was in motion. Training experiments were carried out with several groups of bees, using various colors for the target and the backgrou...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800004582
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The laminar and tangential organization of visual callosal projections of areas 17 and 18 were investigated in the adult ferret, using histochemical methods to visualize axonally transported horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Normal adult ferrets were given injections of HRP throughout one visual cortex or had gelfoam soak...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800006398
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human visual system is remarkably tolerant to degradation in image resolution: human performance in scene categorization remains high no matter whether low-resolution images or multimegapixel images are used. This observation raises the question of how many pixels are required to form a meaningful representation o...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523808080930
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new tissue slice preparation of the cuttlefish eye is described that permits patch-clamp recordings to be acquired from intact photoreceptors during stimulation of the retina with controlled light flashes. Whole-cell recordings using this preparation, from the retinas of very young Sepia officinalis demonstrated tha...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523805223106
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
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doi:10.1017/s0952523802196064
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095252380001155x
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095252380808070X
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00