Abstract:
:A newly designed batch calorimeter was used to investigate the degradability of some celluloses having varying degrees of crystallinity. The PTC of an aerobic culture of Cellulomonas uda ATCC 21399 obtained revealed a diauxic growth which is attributed to the presence of hemicellulose contaminating Avicel and MN300 cellulose. The microcrystalline celluloses used were not completely utilized, whereas amorphous cellulose was easily metabolized, indicating that under the growth conditions used here, the physical structure of cellulose strongly influenced its microbial degradability. An equivalent growth yield of ca. 0.44 g/g was found with all the substrates used. The heat evolved by metabolism of 1 g cellulose was -5.86 kJ/g, a value similar to that obtained with glucose culture. The growth rate was the only variable parameter. The data obtained showed as expected that the hydrolysis product of cellulose was consumed in the same way as that of glucose and that the only limiting factor to the biodegradability of cellulose was the breakdown of the polymeric substrate. It is concluded that data obtained with glucose metabolism can be used to evaluate the extent of cellulose degradation.
journal_name
Biotechnol Bioengjournal_title
Biotechnology and bioengineeringauthors
Dermoun Z,Belaich JPdoi
10.1002/bit.260270711subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-07-01 00:00:00pages
1005-11issue
7eissn
0006-3592issn
1097-0290journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In metabolic engineering, systems which allow coordinated control of two metabolic pathways can be useful. We designed two expression systems and demonstrated their application by coordinating glycogen synthesis and degradation. The first expression vector pMSW2 expressed the glycogen synthesis genes in one operon and...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19970720)55:2<419::AID-BIT
更新日期:1997-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::The microscopic morphology of Trichoderma reesei QM 9414, growing in submerged culture, was studied by image analysis. The morphology was characterized by the total hyphal length, the total number of tips, the number of actively growing tips, and the length of the main hypha. To describe the growth of a single myceliu...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260470513
更新日期:1995-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::Control of cell shape and behavior through the micropattern technique by spatial immobilization of adhesive proteins on a surface has provided novel insights in several aspects of cell biology, such as tissue morphogenesis, cell growth and cell differentiation, and apoptosis. In this work, we present the use of poly(e...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1002/bit.22997
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two-dimensional image analysis was applied to counting, sizing, and density determinations of granules in full-scale and laboratory-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) digesters. An advantage of this technique for monitoring laboratory-scale digester sludge is the small amount of material required for analysi...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260420303
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The removal of N-compounds in the sequencing batch airlift reactor (SBAR) containing granular sludge was studied under conditions of decreased dissolved oxygen (DO). A simulation model was developed to describe and evaluate the effects of several process conditions in the SBAR on N-removal performance. The model descr...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.1167
更新日期:2001-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::Current animal and 2-D cell culture models employed in metastasis research and drug discovery remain poor mimics of human cancer physiology. Here we describe a "metastasis-on-a-chip" system allowing real time tracking of fluorescent colon cancer cells migrating from hydrogel-fabricated gut constructs to downstream liv...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.25950
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new ultrafiltration technique based on a multimembrane stack has been developed to fractionate solutes closer in size than conventionally possible. The technique is illustrated here by obtaining a pure protein product from a binary protein mixture. By employing membranes in series without any gaskets or spacers in-b...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.20069
更新日期:2004-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing the throughput and efficiency of cell culture process development has become increasingly important to rapidly screen and optimize cell culture media and process parameters. This study describes the application of a miniaturized bioreactor system as a scaled-down model for cell culture process development u...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.22031
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new method is described for the immobilization of biologically active proteins onto several types of organic polymer beads. First, the soluble protein is modified by reaction with an excess of a hydrophobic imidoester, for example methyl 4-phenyl-butyrimidate, at ca. pH 9 and 0 degrees . Excess imidoester and side p...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260320514
更新日期:1988-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the most sensitive and accurate methods for quantifying transcript levels especially for those expressed at low abundance. The selective amplification of target DNA over multiple cycles allows its initial concentration to be determined. The amplification rate is a co...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.20555
更新日期:2005-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::A spinning cylindrical filter is often used to retain mammalian cells in a continuous perfusion bioreactor. This device, known as a spinfilter, has typically been with pore size smaller than the cell particles (single cells or aggregates) in order to achieve cell separation. For single cells in suspension, such an ope...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260400809
更新日期:1992-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::The reaction kinetics for phenol biodegradation at low substrate concentrations can be estimated based on the analysis of changes in the dissolved oxygen concentration in the bulk liquid during biodegradation. The measured oxygen concentration changes with an interesting behavior as biodegradation proceeds. The oxygen...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19960620)50:6<709::AID-BIT
更新日期:1996-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Lentiviral vectors (LVs) enveloped with an engineered Sindbis virus glycoprotein can specifically bind to dendritic cells (DCs) through the surface receptor DC-SIGN and induce antigen expression, thus providing an efficient method for delivering DC-directed vaccines. In this study, we constructed a stable producer lin...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.24413
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A stimulus-response tracer technique has been used to characterize packed beds of untreated, as well as acid prehydrolyzed, and enzymatically hydrolyzed aspen wood chips. Glucose was used as the tracer. Bulk liquid phase dispersion, interphase mass transfer, and intraparticle diffusion coefficients were determined for...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260410310
更新日期:1993-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::Both the forward and backward reactions of xylose isomerase (Sweetzyme Q) with xylose and glucose as substrates have been studied in terms of kinetics and thermodynamics. The relationship between the two reactions can thus be determined. Much attention has been given to the reaction with xylose as substrate. The optim...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260280508
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The attrition bioreactor (ABR) combines wet ball milling and enzymatic hydrolysis in one process step. It was found that the ABR did not accelerate enzyme deactivation. Interfacial forces, not shear forces, caused the most deactivation. Elimination of the air-liquid interface by covering the reactor substantially incr...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260310106
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This reports on the determination of the overall oxygen transfer coefficient in a mechanically agitated vessel using a randomly pulsed dynamic method. This method consists in exciting the system by randomly switching the inlet gas stream with air or nitrogen with an identical volumetric flow rate. A pseudo-random bina...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260370914
更新日期:1991-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Microbial degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE) has been demonstrated under aerobic conditions with propane. The primary objective of this research was to evaluate the feasibility of introducing a vapor phase form of TCE in the presence of propane to batch bioreactors containing a liquid phase suspension of Mycobacte...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260460406
更新日期:1995-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrous oxide (N2 O), a potent greenhouse gas, is reduced to N2 gas by N2 O-reducing bacteria (N2 ORB), a process which represents an N2 O sink in natural and engineered ecosystems. The N2 O sink activity by N2 ORB depends on temperature and O2 exposure, yet the specifics are not yet understood. This study explores th...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.27654
更新日期:2020-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::The investigation of new adjuvants is essential for the development of efficacious vaccines. Chitosan (CS), a derivative of chitin, has been shown to act as an adjuvant, improving vaccine-induced immune responses. However, the effect of CS molecular weight (MW) on this adjuvanticity has not been investigated, despite ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.27647
更新日期:2020-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::Proteolysis associated with recombinant protein expression in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells has hindered the development of biologics including HIV vaccines. When expressed in CHO cells, the recombinant HIV envelope protein, gp120, undergoes proteolytic clipping by a serine protease at a key epitope recognized by ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.27016
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are an important source of cardiomyocytes for regenerating injured myocardium. The successful use of ESC-derived cardiomyocytes in cardiac tissue engineering requires an understanding of the important scaffold properties and culture conditions to promote cell attachment, differentiation, or...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.23353
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rate and yield expressions relating to biomass and xanthan formation and to nitrogen, glucose, and oxygen consumption were established for Xanthomonas campestris batch fermentations in a bubble column. Microbial growth was described by the logistic rate equation, characterized by a maximum specific growth rate mu(M) =...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260330404
更新日期:1989-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can differentiate into all somatic cell types, but the development of effective strategies to direct ESC fate is dependent upon defining environmental parameters capable of influencing cell phenotype. ESCs are commonly differentiated via cell aggregates referred to as embryoid bodies (EBs),...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.22578
更新日期:2010-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter is induced by the addition of a glucocorticoid hormone or analog such as dexamethasone. The hormone binds to its specific transcription factor, glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and the activated complex then binds to the glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) in the enhancer...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Gene deletion strategies using flux balance analysis (FBA) have improved the growth-coupled production of various compounds. However, the productivities were often below the expectation because the cells failed to adapt to these genetic perturbations. Here, we demonstrate the productivity of the succinate of the desig...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.26568
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmid gene product accumulation in a cell population depends on the fraction of plasmid-containing cells and the distribution of single-cell plasmid content. These important population properties have been related to plasmid replication regulation and kinetics and to plasmid segregation rules at the single-cell leve...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260260519
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Membrane chromatography (MC) systems are finding increasing use in downstream processing trains for therapeutic proteins due to the unique mass-transfer characteristics they provide. As a result, there is increased need for model-based methods to scale-up MC units using data collected on a scaled-down unit. Here, a st...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.25217
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years there has been a considerable interest in developing membrane chromatography systems that function as a short, wide chromatographic column in which the adsorptive packing consists of one or more microporous membranes. This study reports the use of new adsorber membranes prepared by the incorporation of...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.10807
更新日期:2003-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous high-value proteins are secreted into the Escherichia coli periplasm by the General Secretory (Sec) pathway, but Sec-based production chassis cannot handle many potential target proteins. The Tat pathway offers a promising alternative because it transports fully folded proteins; however, yields have been too ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.26434
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00