Abstract:
:The WAIFW matrix (Who Acquires Infection From Whom) is a central parameter in modelling the spread of infectious diseases. The calculation of the basic reproductive number (R0) depends on the assumptions made about the transmission within and between age groups through the structure of the WAIFW matrix and different structures might lead to different estimates for R0 and hence different estimates for the minimal immunization coverage needed for the elimination of the infection in the population. In this paper, we estimate R0 for varicella in Belgium. The force of infection is estimated from seroprevalence data using fractional polynomials and we show how the estimate of R0 is heavily influenced by the structure of the WAIFW matrix.
journal_name
Epidemiol Infectjournal_title
Epidemiology and infectionauthors
Effelterre TV,Shkedy Z,Aerts M,Molenberghs G,Damme PV,Beutels Pdoi
10.1017/S0950268808000563subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-01-01 00:00:00pages
48-57issue
1eissn
0950-2688issn
1469-4409pii
S0950268808000563journal_volume
137pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Avian influenza virus (AIV) is an important zoonotic pathogen, resulting in global human morbidity and mortality and substantial economic losses to the poultry industry. Poultry and wild birds have transmitted AIV to humans, most frequently subtypes H5 and H7, but also different strains and subtypes of H6, H9, and H10...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268814003586
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis in humans worldwide. In the United States, widespread detection of antibodies to leptospirosis have been identified in feral swine (Sus scrofa) with the highest detection of serovars, Bratislava, Icterohaemorrhagiae, and Pomona. Over the past few years, feral swine populat...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816002247
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Norovirus is the most frequent cause of acute infectious gastroenteritis and it is difficult to control in crowded environments like hospitals and nursing homes. Transmission depends on oral intake of virus deposited in the environment by infectious subjects. Data from volunteer studies indicate that virus concentrati...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881400274X
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of 2210 salmonella isolates referred to the New Zealand Communicable Disease Centre for epidemiological surveillance during 1987, 147 (6.7%) were resistant to one or more of 10 antibiotics. Resistance to streptomycin was most common (4.5%), followed by sulphamethoxazole (3.4%), tetracycline (3.3%), ampicillin (1.5%), ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800056405
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Occurrences of ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) and Vibrio cholerae infected patients in Hong Kong were reviewed for the 13-year period 1989-2001. Peak activity of CFP preceded peak activity of cholera in nine of the years except in 4 years (1990, 1991, 1992, 1996) where it was observed that the total number of cholera ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803008665
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A review of the epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease in Scotland was carried out using data from laboratory-based systems during the period 1988-99. This comprised 5456 (90.8%) isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from blood, 467 (7.8%) from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and 84 (1.4%) from other sterile sites. Th...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although Lyme borreliosis is increasingly diagnosed in the United Kingdom, few systematic studies have been performed there. UK data suggest that the commonest complications are neurological, but inadequate information exists about their nature and the incidence of late neuroborreliosis. Local data are necessary becau...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268808000472
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the relationship between meteorological parameters and hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) activity. Meteorological data collected from 2000 to 2004 were tested for correlation with HFMD consultation rates calculated through the sentinel surveillance system in Hong Kong. The regression model constructed wa...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268810002256
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this retrospective study, we describe and analyse Salmonella data from four livestock species in Great Britain between 1983 and 2014, focusing on Salmonella Typhimurium. A total of 96 044 Salmonella isolates were obtained during the study period. S. Typhimurium was the predominant serovar isolated from cattle and p...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881800002X
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 1971 to 2012, in New York State, years with human Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) were more strongly associated with the presence of Aedes canadensis, Coquillettidia perturbans and Culiseta melanura mosquitoes infected with the EEE virus (Fisher's exact test, one-sided P = 0.005, 0.03, 0.03) than with Culiseta ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268820000308
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella enterica causes an estimated 1 million domestically acquired foodborne illnesses annually. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) is among the top three serovars of reported cases of Salmonella. We examined trends in SE foodborne outbreaks from 1973 to 2009 using Joinpoint and Poisson regression. The ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815001867
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following an extensive contact tracing exercise at a school in a London borough with one of highest tuberculosis (TB) rates in England, we estimated the background prevalence of latent TB infection to be significantly less than the widely accepted 10%. We screened 271 pupils aged 14-15 years in two groups: 96 pupils i...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818002327
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ignác Fülöp Semmelweis is famous for dramatically reducing puerperal mortality while he was an Assistant in Vienna's largest hospital, the Allgemeines Krankenhaus; he did this, mainly, by requiring medical personnel to disinfect their hands by washing in a chlorine solution. But Semmelweis was soon removed from his po...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268817000875
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Common sources of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 infection have been identified by investigating outbreaks and by case-control studies of sporadic infections. We conducted an analysis to attribute STEC O157 infections ascertained in 1996 and 1999 by the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Networ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268813000915
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an economically important, acute or sub-acute, viral disease of cattle that occurs across Africa and in the Middle East. The aim of this study was to investigate if lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) can be transmitted mechanically by African brown ear ticks (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neum....
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268812000805
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous reports in the literature suggest that Burkholderia pseudomallei strains can be differentiated on the basis of animal virulence. Twenty environmentally and clinically derived isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei were examined for the production of exoenzymes, morphological and biochemical phenotypes and viru...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026889600739x
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To identify predictive factors and mortality of patients with influenza admitted to intensive care units (ICU) we carried out a prospective cohort study of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza in adult ICUs in a network of Canadian hospitals between 2006 and 2012. There were 626 influenza-positive...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815002113
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was included in the routine infant immunization schedule in Ireland in September 2008. We determined the serotype of 977 S. pneumoniae isolates causing invasive disease between 2000-2002 and 2007-2008, assessed for the presence of the recently described serotype 6C an...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268810001743
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::SUMMARY Wild canids are potential hosts for numerous species of Bartonella, yet little research has been done to quantify their infection rates in South America. We sought to investigate Bartonella seroprevalence in captive wild canids from 19 zoos in São Paulo and Mato Grosso states, Brazil. Blood samples were collec...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268814001277
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) are reportable diseases, the third most common causes for hospitalization of children in Thailand. Data collected from the Ministry of Public Health were analysed for trends. Rates of DHF increased in Thailand until 1987 when the largest epidemic ever, 32...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268898001617
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the extent to which proximity to cattle and weather events in Alberta predispose human populations to E. coli O157 disease. Cases of human E. coli O157 infection in Alberta between 2004 and 2011 were obtained from the province's Communicable Disease Reporting System and Discharge Abstract Datab...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268813002781
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Canine parvovirosis is a very contagious, severe and often lethal infectious disease of dogs caused by canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2). Parvoviruses are very resistant to several disinfectants while are sensitive to halogens such as sodium hypochlorite which is often used for decontamination of veterinary clinics and...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818002431
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, the highest incidence rates of invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease in the world were found in North American and Australian Indigenous children. Although immunization against H. influenzae type b (Hib) led to a marked decrease in invasive Hib disease in countries where it was implemented, this diseas...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0950268814000405
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effectiveness of influenza vaccination in preventing serious illness and death was determined in an elderly population during the influenza epidemic of was determined in an elderly population during the influenza epidemic of was determined in an elderly population during the influenza epidemic of 1989-90. A retros...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880005874x
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a study of three high-risk occupational groups using Rose Bengal and complement fixation tests, the highest prevalence (7.1%) was found among dairy farm workers and owners in randomly selected dairy-cattle farms, followed by veterinary personnel (4.5%) and inhabitants in pastoralist areas (3.0%). There was no evide...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268802007215
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are an estimated 277,000 cases of campylobacteriosis in Australia each year, most of which are thought to be sporadically acquired. To explore causes for these infections, we conducted a multi-centre case-control study of patients and community controls across five Australian States during 2001-2002. A total of ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S0950268806007576
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The colonization resistance (CR) of the digestive tract was determined in 10 healthy volunteers by oral contamination with a neomycin resistant Escherichia coli (NR-E. coli) strain and measurement of the faecal concentration of this strain during 14 days after the contamination. This 'gold standard' was compared with ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049311
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most common blood-borne infection in the USA. Estimating prevalence is critical for monitoring diagnosis, treatment, and cure and for allocating resources. Surveillance data reported to the New York City (NYC) Health Department, 2000-2015, were used to estimate HCV prev...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881800170X
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A matched and serologically confirmed case-control study was carried out to investigate the source of an outbreak of acute hepatitis involving 290,000 cases in the suburbs of Shanghai, in January 1988. A total of 132 patients with acute hepatitis from six different hospitals were chosen as cases and the same number of...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049347
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental data suggest a role for the microflora in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Anti-ds-DNA antibodies may be pathogenic in SLE by forming immune complexes with DNA. Foreign bacteria in the intestines could constitute the stimulus for anti-ds-DNA antibody production in SLE. Colonization Resistance (CR) is t...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800057770
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00