Abstract:
:Mussels have diverse groups of cysteine rich, cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) (defensins, mytilins, myticins, and mytimycin) that constitute an important component of their innate immune defence. Despite the identification and characterization of these AMPs in mussels, the underlying genetic mechanisms that maintain high diversity among multiple variants of the myticin-C isoform are poorly understood. Using phylogeny-based models of sequence evolution and several site-by-site frequency spectrum statistical tests for neutrality, herein we report that positive selection has been the major driving force in maintaining high diversity among the allelic-variants of the myticin-C AMP of Mytilus galloprovincialis. The statistical tests rejected the hypothesis that all polymorphism within myticin-C loci is neutral. Although a majority of the codons constrained to purifying selection (rate of amino acid replacement to the silent substitution, omega < 1), approximately 8% of the codons with omega approximately equal to 5.5 are under positive selection (omega > 1), thus indicating adaptive evolution of certain amino acids. Direct interaction of these peptides with the surrounding pathogens and/or altered/new pathogens in the changing environment is the likely cause of molecular adaptation of certain amino acid sites in myticin-C variants.
journal_name
Peptidesjournal_title
Peptidesauthors
Padhi A,Verghese Bdoi
10.1016/j.peptides.2008.03.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-07-01 00:00:00pages
1094-101issue
7eissn
0196-9781issn
1873-5169pii
S0196-9781(08)00126-5journal_volume
29pub_type
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