Abstract:
:There are large disparities between basic restrictions for exposure to extremely low-frequency (0-3 kHz) Electric and Magnetic Fields set by two major international bodies. Both bodies agree that these basic restrictions should prevent neuro-stimulatory effects: the retinal phosphene at frequencies up to a few hundred Hertz and peripheral nervous stimulation (PNS) at higher frequencies. The disparity arises from differences in estimated thresholds and frequency dependence, and whether restrictions should be of tissue induced current density or electric field. This paper argues that the latter metric more directly relates to neurostimulatory processes. By analysing available literature, a threshold for retinal phosphenes occurrence is found to be 56 mV/m (95% Confidence Interval 2-1330 mV/m), with a characteristic frequency of 20 Hz. Similarly, the smallest PNS sensation threshold is identified at 2 V/m (characteristic frequency above 3 kHz). In the case of the former, the large range of uncertainty suggests a 'power of ten' value of 100 mV/m. For the latter, because of the small margin between sensation and pain threshold, and because of the large individual variation, the smallest estimate of sensation threshold (2 V/m) represents a basic restriction with precaution incorporated.
journal_name
Bioelectromagneticsjournal_title
Bioelectromagneticsauthors
Wood AWdoi
10.1002/bem.20412subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-09-01 00:00:00pages
414-28issue
6eissn
0197-8462issn
1521-186Xjournal_volume
29pub_type
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
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journal_title:Bioelectromagnetics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
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更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00