Abstract:
:We investigated whether regenerating mature axons recapitulate embryonic features essential to successful reconnectivity within the injured nervous system. Strips from embryonic and adult chick retinae were cultured, and outgrowing axons were examined morphometrically and immunohistochemically. In addition, the target-recognition properties of adult neurites were analyzed. Regenerating adult axons elongate on a poly-L-lysine/laminin substratum with a speed about one order of magnitude slower than that of embryonic axons. Morphologically, adult axonal tips differ dramatically from embryonic growth cones in that they possess only filopodial extensions whereas embryonic growth cones possess both lamellipodial and filopodial processes. Both embryonic and adult neurites express the growth-associated protein GAP-43. When cultured on alternating stripes of anterior and posterior embryonic tectal membranes, both adult and embryonic retinal axons distinguish between the two membrane preparations. Our results demonstrate that during axonal regeneration the mature neurons express embryonic properties that are involved in the recognition of tectal positional cues.
journal_name
Vis Neuroscijournal_title
Visual neuroscienceauthors
Vanselow J,Müller B,Thanos Sdoi
10.1017/s0952523800002558subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-06-01 00:00:00pages
569-76issue
6eissn
0952-5238issn
1469-8714pii
S0952523800002558journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The eye has become an excellent target for gene therapy, and gene augmentation therapy of inherited retinal disorders has made major progress in recent years. Nevertheless, a recent study indicated that gene augmentation intervention might not stop the progression of retinal degeneration in patients. In addition, for ...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0952523814000194
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::During adaptation to an increase in environmental luminance, retinal signaling adjustments are mediated by the neuromodulator dopamine. Retinal dopamine is released with light and can affect center-surround receptive fields, the coupling state between neurons, and inhibitory pathways through inhibitory receptors and n...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523819000129
更新日期:2020-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments on the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the cat based on 14C 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) autoradiography and intraocular injections of 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (APB) provided evidence for gradients of metabolic activity in the ON and OFF pathways in layer A, but only very weakly, if at all, in layer A1...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800010130
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual systems can undergo striking adaptations to specific visual environments during evolution, but they can also be very "conservative." This seems to be the case in motion vision, which is surprisingly similar in species as distant as honeybee and goldfish. In both visual systems, motion vision measured with the o...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523811000101
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test the hypothesis that light-evoked cone contraction in eye cups from Xenopus laevis is controlled through a direct mechanism initiated by the cone's own photopigment, we conducted spectral-sensitivity experiments. We estimate that initiation of contraction of red absorbing cones (611 nm) is 1.5 log units more se...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800002893
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effects of picrotoxin and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) on the responses to motions of ON-OFF directionally selective (DS) ganglion cells of the turtle's retina. These drugs are antagonists of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. For continuous motions, picrotoxin markedly reduced the overall directionality...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800008105
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the hypothesis that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the transmitter released by barnacle photoreceptors onto postsynaptic cells (I-cells). GABA was applied to I-cells either by superfusion or by ejecting it with pressure from a pipette positioned close to the I-cell's soma. The I-cell's response to GABA wa...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800005496
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the arthropod medulla, which is the second ganglion on the afferent visual pathway, a column of about 40 cells represents each point in space (i.e. compound eye facet). Some stages of visual processing underlying the responses of one class of cells in the locust medulla have been identified. These transient cells g...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800004831
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied the steady-state PERG in human subjects in response to red-green plaid patterns modulated either in luminance or in chromaticity or both. By varying the relative luminance of the red and green components, a value could be obtained at which the PERG amplitude was either minimum or locally maximum. This ...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800003825
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two groups of retinal cone bipolar cells (CBCs) in rats were found to express voltage-gated Na+ channels. The axon terminals of the first group stratify in sublamina 2 of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and partially overlap with the OFF-cholinergic band. This group was identified as type 3 CBCs. The axon terminals of...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523808080851
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In previous work, we have shown that sudden image displacements well outside the classical receptive field modulate the visual sensitivity of LGN relay cells. Here we report the effect of image displacements on the response versus contrast function. The stimuli consisted of a central spot of optimal size and polarity ...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523899165143
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The topographical distributions of the relative ratio of long- (L) and middle- (M) wavelength sensitive cone opsin messenger RNA (mRNA) in human and baboon retinas were mapped using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The L:M mRNA ratio increased in a central-to-peripheral gradient in both species, being quite pronou...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095252380623325X
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the reverse Stroop task, observers are instructed to ignore the ink color in which a color word is printed (the distractor color) and to respond to the meaning of the color word (the target). Reaction times (RTs) are faster with congruent combinations when the ink color matches the word than with incongruent combin...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523806233388
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To better understand the evolution of spatial and color vision, the number and spatial distributions of cones, rods, and optic nerve axon numbers were assessed in seven New World primates (Cebus apella, Saimiri ustius, Saguinus midas niger, Alouatta caraya, Aotus azarae, Calllithrix jacchus, and Callicebus moloch). Th...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523808080371
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A model of contrast discrimination performance in human observers is developed and then extended to cover effects on performance of anticholinergic drugs. It is shown that it is necessary to assume that neural noise increases at high spatial frequencies in order to provide a satisfactory model of variations in discrim...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800009123
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eye growth and refraction are regulated by visual processing in the retina. Until now, the messengers released by the retina to induce these changes are largely unknown. Previously, it was found that glucagon amacrine cells respond to defocus in the retinal image and even to its sign. The expression of the immediate-e...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523802196064
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the effects of inactivation of localized sites in area 17 on the visual responses of cells in visuotopically corresponding regions of area 18. Experiments were performed on adult normal cats. The striate cortex was inactivated by the injection of nanoliters of lidocaine hydrochloride or of gamma-a...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800001826
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bresiliid shrimp, Rimicaris exoculata, lives in large masses on the sides of hydrothermal vent chimneys at two sites on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Although essentially no daylight penetrates to depths of 3500 m, very dim light is emitted from the hydrothermal vents themselves. To exploit this light, R. exoculata has ...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800009421
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural scenes contain a variety of visual cues that facilitate boundary perception (e.g., luminance, contrast, and texture). Here we explore whether single neurons in early visual cortex can process both contrast and texture cues. We recorded neural responses in cat A18 to both illusory contours formed by abutting gr...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523807070113
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study has shown that the retinae of Prototherian (egg-laying) mammals possess two neuronal types that are present in non-mammalian retinae, but absent or morphologically different in the retinae of Eutherian (placental) mammals. First, endogenous serotonin-like immunoreactivity has been localized in a population ...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800000079
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for determining whether medical device manufacturers have provided reasonable assurance, based on valid scientific evidence, that new devices are safe and effective for their intended use before they are introduced into the U.S. market. Most existing color vision d...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523804213256
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies document rudimentary color vision under dim illumination. Here, hue perceptions of paper color samples were determined for a wide range of light levels, including very low light levels where rods alone mediate vision. The appearances of 24 paper color samples from the OSA Uniform Color Scales were gaug...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523806233492
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to use non-invasive magneto-encephalographic techniques, together with visual stimulus paradigms that can psychophysically separate the M- and P-pathways, to examine the physiological relations of the pathways at the fovea with (1) the magneto-encephalography components M70 and M100 (in laten...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523808080413
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this work was to provide a detailed quantitative description of the receptive-field properties of one of the types of rarely encountered retinal ganglion cells of cat; the cell named the Q-cell by Enroth-Cugell et al. (1983). Quantitative comparisons are made between the discharge statistics and between th...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800007975
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acetylcholine (ACh) is one of the transmitters utilized by extra-thalamic afferents to modulate stimulus-driven neurotransmission and experience-dependent plasticity in the visual cortex. Since these processes also depend on the activation of glutamatergic receptors, cholinergic terminals may exert their effects via d...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800002832
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::By establishing an avascular, highly elastic, region within the fetal area of high acuity (AHA), the developing primate eye has created a unique substrate on which the mechanical forces of intraocular pressure (IOP) and growth-induced retinal stretch (stretch) can act. We proposed (Springer & Hendrickson, 2004b) that ...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095252380522206X
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of the endogenous retinal dopamine (DA) pathway has been examined in the pigmented rat using retinas obtained from normal adult (approximately 3 months) and senile adults (approximately 24 months) using an in vitro electrophysiological approach. By comparing the pharmacological sensitivity of the horizont...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523800176035
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to assess the plasticity of human voluntary fixational eye movement control in relation to visual experience/chronic visual deprivation. Twelve blind adults participated (self-reported vision < or = light perception in each eye; age range = 23-56 years; visual experience range = 0-28 years; b...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0952523802194090
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neighboring retinal ganglion cells often spike synchronously, but the possible function and mechanism of this synchrony is unclear. Recently, the strength of the fast correlation between ON-OFF directionally selective cells of the rabbit retina was shown to be stimulus dependent. Here, we extend that study, investigat...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0952523807070757
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relational color constancy refers to the constancy of the perceived relations between the colors of surfaces of a scene under changes in the spectral composition of the illuminant. Spatial ratios of cone excitations provide a natural physical basis for this constancy, as, on average, they are almost invariant under il...
journal_title:Visual neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095252380421327x
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00