Role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the regulation of the neuroendocrine stress response in rodents: insights from mutant mice.

Abstract:

:Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical gas synthesised from arginine and oxygen by enzymes of the family of the nitric oxide synthase. In particular, the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is highly expressed by cells of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, where the sympatho-adrenal system, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal system originate. These structures are deputed to regulate the neuroendocrine stress response. In the past years, evidence has been accumulated to suggest that NO of nNOS origin plays a significant role in modulating the activity of the above mentioned systems under acute stressor exposure. The availability of nNOS knock-out mice allowed to investigate not only the physiological consequences of a constitutive lack of NO of nNOS origin at the hormonal and molecular level, but also to examine possible behavioural alterations. In this review, we shall discuss and confront the current trends of research in this area, especially focusing on the latest findings gained from genetically modified mice.

journal_name

Amino Acids

journal_title

Amino acids

authors

Orlando GF,Wolf G,Engelmann M

doi

10.1007/s00726-007-0630-0

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-06-01 00:00:00

pages

17-27

issue

1

eissn

0939-4451

issn

1438-2199

journal_volume

35

pub_type

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