Abstract:
:In the Drosophila embryonic CNS several subtypes of glial cells develop, which arrange themselves at characteristic positions and presumably fulfil specific functions. The mechanisms leading to the specification and differentiation of glial subtypes are largely unknown. By DiI labelling in glia-specific Gal4 lines we have clarified the lineages of the lateral glia in the embryonic ventral nerve cord and linked each glial cell to a specific stem cell. For the lineage of the longitudinal glioblast we show that it consists of 9 cells, which acquire at least four different identities. A large collection of molecular markers (many of them representing transcription factors and potential Gcm target genes) reveals that individual glial cells express specific combinations of markers. However, cluster analysis uncovers similar combinatorial codes for cells within, and significant differences between the categories of surface-associated, cortex-associated, and longitudinal glia. Glial cells derived from the same stem cell may be homogeneous (though not identical; stem cells NB1-1, NB5-6, NB6-4, LGB) or heterogeneous (NB7-4, NB1-3) with regard to gene expression. In addition to providing a powerful tool to analyse the fate of individual glial cells in different genetic backgrounds, each of these marker genes represents a candidate factor involved in glial specification or differentiation. We demonstrate this by the analysis of a castor loss of function mutation, which affects the number and migration of specific glial cells.
journal_name
Mech Devjournal_title
Mechanisms of developmentauthors
Beckervordersandforth RM,Rickert C,Altenhein B,Technau GMdoi
10.1016/j.mod.2007.12.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-05-01 00:00:00pages
542-57issue
5-6eissn
0925-4773issn
1872-6356pii
S0925-4773(08)00002-6journal_volume
125pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Dickkopf-1 (dkk-1) is member of a novel family of secreted proteins and functions in head induction during Xenopus embryogenesis, acting as a potent inhibitor of Wnt signalling. Here we report: (1) the isolation of two additional murine members of the dkk family, dkk-2 and dkk-3; and (2) analysis of adult and embryoni...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00138-0
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The zebrafish biklf gene encodes a novel Krüppel-like transcription factor containing three contiguous zinc fingers at the C-terminus. Expression of biklf is detected from the shield stage onward in the developing prechordal plate, and as a 'baseball seam'-like lateral stripe beginning at the end of gastrulation. The ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00404-4
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have identified ramshackle (ram) as a dominant suppressor of hedgehog loss-of-function in the developing Drosophila eye. We have characterized the gene and it encodes a double bromodomain protein with eight WD40 repeats. The Ram protein is localized predominantly to polytene chromosome interbands and is required fo...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2006.06.007
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) is an evolutionarily and functionally conserved transcriptional corepressor known to integrate diverse signals to regulate transcription. Drosophila CtBP (dCtBP) regulates tissue specification and segmentation during early embryogenesis. Here, we investigated the roles of dCtBP during...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2008.10.003
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD44, the major cell-surface receptor for hyaluronate, is expressed on many cell types to mediate different functions including cell activation, homing and adhesion. The early pattern of CD44 expression was determined in the avian embryo by using a specific monoclonal antibody in whole-mount and tissue sections. CD44 ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00347-6
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The enteric nervous system (ENS) derives from migratory neural crest cells that colonize the developing gut tube, giving rise to an integrated network of neurons and glial cells, which together regulate important aspects of gut function, including coordinating the smooth muscle contractions of the gut wall. The absenc...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2008.04.006
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haploid spermatids undergo extensive cellular, molecular and morphological changes to form spermatozoa during spermiogenesis. Abnormalities in these steps can lead to serious male fertility problems, from oligospermia to complete azoospermia. CHD5 is a chromatin-remodeling nuclear protein expressed almost exclusively ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2013.10.005
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hsp47 is a heat-shock protein which interacts with newly synthesize procollagen chains in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of collagen-secreting cells and is thought to assist in procollagen triple helix assembly and subsequent transport to the cis-Golgi. This is supported by studies which have reported that genes encod...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(96)00626-0
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intercalation of mesenchymal cells into epithelia, through mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), underlies organogenesis, for example, in nephrogenesis, and tissue regeneration, during cell renewal and wound repair. Despite its importance, surprisingly little is known about the mechanisms that bring about ME...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2010.04.002
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mammals, the SWI/SNF complex is involved in chromatin remodelling in a wide range of cellular events for which regulatory factors require access to DNA. In the present study, we analyzed in early postimplantation mouse embryos the expression pattern of BRM (SNF2alpha) and BRG1 (SNF2beta), which are both ATPase subu...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00560-8
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Drosophila fat facets and canoe genes regulate non-neural cell fate decisions during ommatidium formation. We have shown previously that the FAM (fat facets in mouse) de-ubiquitinating enzyme regulates the function of AF-6, (mammalian canoe homologue), in the MDCK epithelial cell line (Taya et al., 1998. The Ras t...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00294-4
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::DCoH, the dimerization cofactor of the HNF-1 homeodomain proteins (hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha and beta), is involved in gene expression by associating with these transcription factors. The protein also called PCD for pterin-4alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase is a bifunctional factor as it catalyzes also the regene...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00269-5
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using in situ hybridization on whole-mounts and sections of mouse embryos we have visualized the pattern of expression for the Eph receptor ligand ephrin-A5. Non neuronal expression domains include the ectoderm of the branchial arches, the ectoderm and mesenchyme surrounding the dorsal root ganglia, the intervertebral...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00252-5
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian cell culture studies have shown that several members of the nuclear receptor super family such as glucocorticoid receptor, retinoic acid receptor and thyroid hormone receptor can repress the activity of AP-1 proteins by a mechanism that does not require the nuclear receptor to bind to DNA directly, but that ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(02)00116-8
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five chick homeodomain proteins (CHOXs), CHOX-1.7, -1.1, -1.4, -4.2 and -2.6, had different transcription-regulating activities in a chick cultured cell line, LMH. In particular, CHOX-1.7 highly activated transcription when NP6 was used as the target site whereas CHOX-1.4 did not. This was mainly due to differences in...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(92)90012-9
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have made a null mutation in the mouse activin beta B gene by deleting the portion of the gene encoding the proteolytic cleavage site and the majority of the coding region for the mature processed protein. Mice homozygous for this mutation complete embryogenesis and are completely viable. Approximately 40% of the h...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(94)90094-9
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The leucine zipper transcription factor TSC-22 (TGF-beta1 Stimulated Clone-22) was first isolated from a mouse osteoblast cell line as an immediate-early target gene of TGF-beta1. However, work with other cell lines, as well as with a Drosophila homolog, bunched, suggests that it is an effector gene of various growth ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00055-6
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Homeodomain transcription factor CnNK-2 seems to play a major role in foot formation in Hydra. Recently, we reported in vitro evidence indicating that CnNK-2 has autoregulatory features and regulates expression of the morphogenetic peptide pedibin. We proposed that CnNK-2 and pedibin synergistically orchestrate foot d...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2005.04.010
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression pattern of K(+) currents is the principal regulator of electrical activity during development of the nervous and muscular system. We report here a study showing the expression pattern of HERG K(+) currents-encoding (erg) genes in various nervous and muscular tissues at different stages of quail embryo d...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00335-x
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study utilizes morphological and mechanistic endpoints to characterize the onset of bilateral atresia of the vas deferens in a recently derived cystic fibrosis (CF) rat model. Embryonic reproductive structures, including Wolffian (mesonephric) duct, Mullerian (paramesonephric) duct, mesonephric tubules, and gonad...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2018.10.002
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Germ-line mutations of LKB1 and PTEN tumor suppressor genes underlie the phenotypically related Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) and Cowden disease (CD), respectively. To analyze possible developmental roles of PTEN and LKB1, we have studied their mRNA expression during mouse embryonic development (E7-17.5) by in situ hyb...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00050-7
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The embryonic fins and the tip of adult fins of teleost fish are supported by rows of straight, unmineralized fibrils called actinotrichia. The proximal ends of the actinotrichia are bundled and the mineralized bones called lepidotrichia are made along them. Since malformation in actinotrichia causes wavy fin bones, t...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2018.08.010
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Terminal portions of the Drosophila body pattern are specified by an extracellular ligand generated at each end of the early syncytial embryo. This ligand triggers the localized transcription of two gap segmentation genes, tailles (tll) and huckebein (hkb) through a signal transduction cascade involving the receptor t...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(94)90006-x
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the mechanisms regulating the tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) activity during development, we characterized cis-transcriptional regulatory elements. In embryonic cells and tissues, TNAP expression was driven preferentially by the exon 1A (E1A) promoter, one of the two promoters previously...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(96)00524-2
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cAMP signaling system has been postulated to be involved in embryogenesis of many animal species, however, little is known about its role in embryonic axis formation in vertebrates. In this study, the role of the cAMP signaling pathway in patterning the body plan of the Xenopus embryo was investigated by expressin...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00197-5
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Dan gene was first identified as the putative rat tumor suppressor gene and encodes a protein structurally related to Cerberus and Gremlin in vertebrates. Xenopus DAN, as with Cerberus and Gremlin, was demonstrated to block bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling by binding BMPs, and to be capable of inducing a...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(01)00522-6
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skeletal muscle regeneration requires processes different from developmental myogenesis. One important difference is a requirement of inflammatory reactions prior to regenerative myogenesis, by which injured muscle fibers must be eliminated to make new myotubes. In this study, we show that efficient elimination of inj...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2014.12.001
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::During vertebrate eye development, the expression of the homeobox gene Six6 is restricted to the neural retina and is initiated later than Rx and Pax6 in the presumptive retina field. We show here that overexpression of mouse Six6 in Xenopus embryos can induce transformation of competent tissue of the anterior neural ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00271-9
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have isolated nine putative odorant receptor genes from the chick, named COR1 to COR9, that belong to the large multigene family of olfactory G protein-coupled receptors found in the fish, rat, mouse, dog, and human. By combining genomic DNA blot analysis, low stringency library screenings, and several PCR analyses...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(95)00491-2
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the mechanisms by which the epithelial apicolateral junctional complex (AJC) is generated during trophectoderm differentiation in the mouse blastocyst using molecular, structural and functional analyses. The mature AJC comprises an apical tight junction (TJ), responsible for intercellular sealing ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00416-0
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00