Abstract：
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The bladder urothelium is now known to have active properties. Our aim was to investigate the contractile properties of the urinary mucosa in response to the tachykinin neurokinin A (NKA) and carbachol. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:Discrete concentration-response curves for carbachol and NKA were obtained in matched strips of porcine detrusor, mucosa and intact bladder, suspended in organ baths. The effects of inhibitors and tachykinin receptor antagonists were studied on NKA-mediated contractions in mucosal strips. Intact sections of bladder and experimental strips were processed for histology and immunohistochemistry. KEY RESULTS:All types of strips contracted to both carbachol and NKA. Mucosal responses to NKA (pD2 7.2) were higher than those in intact strips and were inhibited by the NK2 receptor antagonist SR48968 (pKB 9.85) but not the NK1 receptor antagonist SR140333, tetrodotoxin or indomethacin. Immunostaining for smooth muscle actin and vimentin occurred under the urothelium and on blood vessels. Desmin immunostaining and histological studies showed only sparse smooth muscle to be present in the mucosal strips. Removal of smooth muscle remnants from mucosal strips did not alter the responses to NKA. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS:This study has shown both functional and histological evidence for contractile properties of the mucosa, distinct from the detrusor. Mucosal contractions to NKA appear to be directly mediated via NK2 receptors. The main cell type mediating mucosal contractions is suggested to be suburothelial myofibroblasts. Mucosal contractions may be important in vivo for matching the luminal surface area to bladder volume.
journal_name
Br J Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of pharmacologyauthors
Sadananda P,Chess-Williams R,Burcher Edoi
10.1038/bjp.2008.29subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-04-01 00:00:00pages
1465-73issue
7eissn
0007-1188issn
1476-5381pii
bjp200829journal_volume
153pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:1 Burimamide injected intravenously in the anaesthetized or conscious cat produced significant increases in gastric acid secretion: in the anaesthetized cat it produced increased gastric mucosal blood flow. 2 Metiamide, in doses which inhibited pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion, produced no increase in gastric ac...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1975.tb07361.x
更新日期：1975-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Transient receptor potential canonical 5 (TRPC5) channels are widely expressed, including in the CNS, where they potentiate fear responses. They also contribute to other non-selective cation channels that are stimulated by G-protein-coupled receptor agonists and lipid and redox factors. Steroids ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01136.x
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In isolated Langendorff-perfused, electrically-paced, hearts of guinea-pigs, global low-flow-ischaemia (LFI; at 0.7 ml min-1) resulted in marked increases in the rates of release of lactate, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) over a 30 min period. At the end of the LFI period, tissue ATP content w...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13637.x
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The role of chloride concentration in modulating vasoconstrictor responses of the rat isolated kidney, perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution, to angiotensin II (AII), arginine vasopressin (AVP) and phenylephrine (PE) was investigated. 2. Reduction of perfusate chloride from a high (117 mM) to low (87 mM) concentra...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13447.x
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanism of action of prostacyclin (PGI2) on isolated segments of guinea-pig terminal ileum was studied by recording the changes in isometric tension. In these preparations PGI2 (1 nM-1 microM) caused a concentration-dependent increase in muscle tension. This effect was rapid and short-lasting. PGI2-induced contr...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1983.tb10031.x
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Under normal experimental conditions, the rabbit isolated distal saphenous artery appears to contain a homogeneous population of postjunctional alpha 1-adrenoceptors. Prazosin competitively antagonized responses to noradrenaline (NA) with a pA2 value of 8.6, while a relatively high concentration of rauwolscine (1 m...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1991.tb09815.x
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Measurements of affinity and efficacy are fundamental for work on agonists both in drug discovery and in basic studies on receptors. In this review I wish to consider methods for measuring affinity and efficacy at G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Agonist affinity may be estimated in terms of the dissociation const...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0707672
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Prostaglandins and the vasodilator neuropeptide, calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP), have both been implicated in the pathogenesis of migraine headache. We have used primary cultures of adult rat trigeminal neurones to examine the effects of prostanoids on CGRP release in vitro. 2. CGRP release was stimulated b...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0704357
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The characteristics of the rat epidydimal adipocyte beta-adrenoceptor have been examined using lipolysis and cyclic AMP accumulation in adipocytes as well as adenylate cyclase activity in fat cell membranes. The pA2 values corrected for binding to bovine serum albumin of the selective antagonists betaxolol (beta 1-sel...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Levetiracetam, the alpha-ethyl analogue of the nootropic piracetam, is a widely used antiepileptic drug (AED) that provides protection against partial seizures and is also effective in the treatment of primary generalized seizure syndromes including juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Levetiracetam was discovered in 1992 thr...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjp.2008.221
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Evidence suggests that exercise decreases nicotine withdrawal symptoms in humans; however, the mechanisms mediating this effect are unclear. We investigated, in a mouse model, the effect of exercise intensity during chronic nicotine exposure on nicotine withdrawal severity, binding of α4β2*, α7 n...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bph.14068
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:In humans and non-human primates, the 7TM receptor GPR17 exists in two isoforms differing only by the length of the N-terminus. Of these, only the short isoform has previously been characterized. Hence, we investigated gene expression and ligand-binding profiles of both splice variants and furthe...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00633.x
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:AM-36 is a novel neuroprotective agent incorporating both antioxidant and Na(+) channel blocking actions. In cerebral ischaemia, loss of cellular ion homeostasis due to Na(+) channel activation, together with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, are thought to contribute to neuronal death. Since neurona...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0704018
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Bepridil (BPD) is a pharmacological compound able to bind to the Ca2+ sensor protein troponin C (TnC), which triggers skeletal muscle contraction upon Ca2+-binding. BPD can thereby modulate the Ca2+-affinity of this protein. 2. The Ca2+-sensitizing action of bepridil was investigated on slow and fast isoforms of Tn...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0702820
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00897.x
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The beneficial effect of 5-HT6 receptor antagonism in cognition remains controversial. This study has been undertaken to reassess the cognition enhancing properties of acute vs subchronic treatment with the selective 5-HT6 receptor antagonist SB-271046 in unimpaired rats, as well as against scopo...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjp.2008.281
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The detrimental actions of leptin on cardiovascular function are well established. Smith et al. report the novel finding of a reduction of infarct size by exogenous leptin when given at reperfusion. The involvement of the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway in such reduction of infarct size and its relati...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0706833
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of brevetoxin-B, a red tide toxin, on motor nerve terminal activity were assessed on mouse triangularis sterni nerve-muscle preparations. The perineural waveforms were recorded with extracellular electrodes placed in the perineural sheaths of motor nerves. 2. At 0.11 microM, brevetoxin-B increased the c...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1991.tb12311.x
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The endothelial modulation of the relaxant responses to the nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and the KATP channel opener levcromakalim (LEM) and the interactions between these agents were analysed in isolated rat aorta. 2. LEM-induced relaxation was unchanged by endothelium removal or by the prese...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0702924
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1988.tb11440.x
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In circular smooth muscle cells of the guinea-pig stomach (antrum), diltiazem (10(-6)-10(-5)M) blocked the overshooting spike potential generated either spontaneously or by electrical stimulation in the presence of 2 mM tetraethylammonium chloride, but did not block the slow wave and the abortive spike potential. The ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1985.tb11100.x
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antihistamine induced cognitive decline was evaluated using positron emission tomography (PET) measurement of histamine H1 receptor (H1R) occupancy and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Cognitive performance in attention-demanding task deteriorated dose-dependently and the effects were statistically significant aft...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0702994
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The agonist action of the opioid peptide dynorphin A(1-8) on the myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle of the guinea-pig ileum has been characterized. 2. The endogenous opioid peptide dynorphin A(1-8) was rapidly degraded by slices of myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle of the guinea-pig ileum. 3. A product of the ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1990.tb14139.x
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The beta-adrenoceptor blocking and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-releasing properties of capsinolol (N-[4-(2-hydroxy-3 (isopropylamino) propoxy)-3-methoxybenzyl]-nonanamide), derived from nonivamide, were investigated under in vivo and in vitro conditions. 2. Capsinolol (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 mg kg-1, i.v.), as we...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15670.x
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neuroprotective drug riluzole has multiple effects on cellular signaling. We found that riluzole rapidly and reversibly inhibited spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations in both immortalized GnRH-secreting hypothalamic neurons (GT1 cells) and in the prolactin and growth-hormone-secreting GH3 cell line. At lower concentratio...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0705491
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aim of the present study was to explore the contribution of adrenergic, sensory and nitrergic innervations to the inhibitory effects of the beta2-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol on responses to electrical field stimulation (EFS, 200 mA, 0.3 ms, 1-16 Hz, for 30 s, at 1 min interval) in rat mesenteric artery seg...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0701856
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of inhibiting endogenous Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) with diethyldithiocarbamate (DETCA) were examined on the ability of hydroquinone, hydroxocobalamin and carboxy-PTIO to block nitrergic relaxation in the bovine retractor penis (BRP) muscle. 2. Incubation of strips of BRP with DETCA (3 mM) for 2 h...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15333.x
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bph.13721
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUNDS AND PURPOSE:Lactic acidosis is a fatal adverse effect of metformin, but the risk factor remains unclear. Multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (MATE1) is expressed in the luminal membrane of the kidney and liver. MATE1 was revealed to be responsible for the tubular and biliary secretion of metformin. Therefore, s...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01853.x
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The calcium sensitivity of force production of cardiac muscle fibres is altered by certain drugs. The sites of action of three such compounds (pimobendan, sulmazole, isomazole) within the myofibril have been investigated. Calmodulin antagonists, perhexilene and bepridil, which have been shown to alter the calcium d...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1990.tb14092.x
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
