Abstract:
:An inadequate supply of iodine during gestation results in damage to the foetal brain that is irreversible by mid-gestation unless timely interventions can correct the accompanying maternal hypothyroxinemia. Even mild to moderate maternal hypothyroxinemia may result in suboptimal neurodevelopment. This review mainly focuses on iodine and thyroid hormone economy up to mid-gestation, a period during which the mother is the only source for the developing brain of the foetus. The cerebral cortex of the foetus depends on maternal thyroxine (T4) for the production of the 3',3,5-tri-iodothyronine (T3) for nuclear receptor-binding and biological effectiveness. Maternal hypothyroxinemia early in pregnancy is potentially damaging for foetal brain development. Direct evidence has been obtained from experiments on animals: even a relatively mild and transient hypothyroxinemia during corticogenesis, which takes place mostly before mid-gestation in humans, affects the migration of radial neurons, which settle permanently in heterotopic locations within the cortex and hippocampus. Behavioural defects have also been detected. The conceptus imposes important early changes on maternal thyroid hormone economy that practically doubles the amount of T4 secreted something that requires a concordant increase in the availability of iodine, from 150 to 250-300 microg I day- 1. Women who are unable to increase their production of T4 early in pregnancy constitute a population at risk for having children with neurological disabilities. As a mild to moderate iodine deficiency is still the most widespread cause of maternal hypothyroxinemia, the birth of many children with learning disabilities may be prevented by advising women to take iodine supplements as soon as pregnancy starts, or earlier if possible, in order to ensure that their requirements for iodine are met.
journal_name
Public Health Nutrjournal_title
Public health nutritionauthors
de Escobar GM,Obregón MJ,del Rey FEdoi
10.1017/S1368980007360928subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-12-01 00:00:00pages
1554-70issue
12Aeissn
1368-9800issn
1475-2727pii
S1368980007360928journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:OBJECTIVE:Childhood obesity is a growing public health problem. We have examined the association between sociodemographic profile and eating and physical activity patterns with overweight among primary-school students in Athens, Greece. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. SETTING:Eleven primary schools in the greater Athen...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980008002462
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The promotion of a healthy and active lifestyle among the population is essential for the prevention of numerous chronic diseases. Physical activity measurement and surveillance is crucial for understanding and evaluating campaigns to promote its practice. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the 10-year trends in physical activ...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980007000997
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to determine the main factors (sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle and health status) associated with high Na excretion in a representative population of Chile. DESIGN:Na excretion (g/d), a valid marker of Na intake, was determined by urine analysis and Tanaka's formulas. Blo...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980018003889
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine gender-specific associations of weight perception and appearance satisfaction with slimming attempts and eating patterns among young Norwegian adolescents. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. Adolescent dietary data were reported by parents using a retrospective FFQ. Eating patterns were identified usin...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980015001007
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The study aimed to assess the impact of a game-based nutritional intervention on food consumption, nutritional knowledge and self-efficacy in the adoption of healthy eating practices. DESIGN:This cluster randomised controlled trial included both male and female high school students from private schools in th...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980020000531
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify dietary patterns with whole grains as a main focus to see if there is a similar whole grain pattern in the three Scandinavian countries; Denmark, Sweden and Norway. Another objective is to see if items suggested for a Nordic Food Index will form a typical Nordic pattern when using factor analysis....
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980014001104
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Energy intake and expenditure tend on average to remain adjusted to each other in order to maintain a stable body weight, which is only likely to be sustained if the fuel mix oxidised is equivalent to the nutrient content of the diet. Whereas protein and carbohydrate degradation and oxidation are closely adjusted to t...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S1368980007000602
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify parental child-feeding strategies that may increase children's fruit or vegetable intake, since the relationship between these strategies and children's intake has never been investigated for fruit and vegetables as two separate food groups. DESIGN:A survey study, where parents provided informati...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980009991534
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The present study aimed to examine the key influences on infant and child feeding practices among a Marshallese community at each social ecological level. It is the first study to examine the key influences on infant and child feeding practices with Marshallese immigrant women in the USA and helps fill a gap ...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980018004007
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices of type 2 diabetics in Yakeshi City and to assess the effect of implementation of nutritional and eating education in enhancing knowledge and practices regarding a healthy diet. DESIGN:A questionnaire-based survey was conducted with 162 diabetics to determin...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S1368980013002735
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the socio-economic and lifestyle determinants of cooking oil choice in Costa Rica during the last decade (1994-2004). DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. Subjects (total n = 2274) belonged to the control population of a large case-control study; they were recruited yearly. Data about type of oil used fo...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980007699571
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Food insecurity has become an important issue in many countries of the former Soviet Union following the transition to a market economy. This study examined three aspects of food security in the Baltic Republics: reasons for choosing foods; level of dependence on home-grown or raised foods; and use of home-g...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1079/phn2001265
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the prevalence of malnutrition (undernutrition and excess weight) by wealth, education level, ethnicity and urban/rural areas in Mexican children and women of reproductive age. DESIGN:We compared the prevalence of overweight, obesity, wasting/underweight, stunting/short stature and anaemia by soci...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980019004725
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess Fe intake, calculate the prevalence of inadequate Fe intake and identify food contributors to Fe intake during 2003 and 2008 in a population-based study, reflecting before and after the mandatory fortification of flour with Fe. DESIGN:Two cross-sectional population-based studies conducted in 2003 a...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980016001981
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To investigate the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency among lactating women in a poor urban population of Bangladesh, and to examine the relationship between various factors and vitamin A status. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. SETTING:Maternal and child health clinic in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. SUBJECTS AND METHO...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1079/PHN2002454
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the differences in dietary intakes of children consuming school meals and packed lunches, the contribution of lunchtime intake to overall dietary intake, and how lunchtime intake relates to current food-based recommendations for school meals. DESIGN:Cross-sectional analysis of overall intake of ma...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980011002321
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare macronutrient intakes of Swedish children and adolescents to population goals; to identify the major sources of energy, fat, saturated fat and sucrose; and to simulate the effect adherence to current food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) would have on saturated fat and sucrose intakes. DESIGN:Cross...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S1368980010001266
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The present study aimed to explore how Australian local governments prioritise the health and well-being of Aboriginal populations and the extent to which nutrition is addressed by local government health policy. DESIGN:In the state of Victoria, Australia, all seventy-nine local governments' public health po...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980017001902
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore if the secular trend in height is contributing to delay overweight rise among Brazilian adolescents. DESIGN:Changes in BMI mean over time were fitted using linear regression including as independent variables survey year, height, survey-specific income quintiles, age and an interaction term of hei...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980016000203
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The 'Smart Choices' programme was an industry-driven, front-of-package (FOP) nutritional labelling system introduced in the USA in August 2009, ostensibly to help consumers select healthier options during food shopping. Its nutritional criteria were developed by members of the food industry in collaboration w...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980011000826
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate the dietary intakes of heterocyclic amines (HCAs), to examine the intakes in relation to socio-economics, lifestyle and other dietary factors and to compare the classification of subjects by intake of HCA versus intake of meat and fish. DESIGN:Cross-sectional analysis within the Malmö Diet and C...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980007352518
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:It is likely that there are substantial subconscious effects of organizations’ efforts to associate their products with sport via sponsorships, but most research methods are unable to capture these effects. The present study employed a novel projective technique to explore children's implicit associations bet...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980012005435
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Energy expenditure rises above resting energy expenditure when physical activity is performed. The activity-induced energy expenditure varies with the muscle mass involved and the intensity at which the activity is performed: it ranges between 2 and 18 METs approximately. Differences in duration, frequency and intensi...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s1368980099000452
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess (i) the extent to which stakeholders have accepted and implemented a Healthy Food and Drink Policy for schools a decade after its introduction and (ii) any resulting implications for canteen profitability. DESIGN:Online survey distributed via electronic newsletter to school principals. SETTING:Wes...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980017003962
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To articulate a healthy and sustainable (H&S) diet; outline key health and environmental sustainability principles that can be applied in the selection of foods for inclusion in such a diet; and describe a methodology with which to assess the availability and affordability of a H&S food basket. DESIGN:We syn...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980013001523
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In 2011, Dietitians of Canada added 'My Goals' to its website-based nutrition/activity tracking program (eaTracker®, http://www.eaTracker.ca/); this feature allows users to choose 'ready-made' or 'write-your-own' goals and to self-report progress. The purpose of the present study was to document experiences a...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980016003220
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The present study aimed to identify dietary patterns and explore their associations with blood lipid profiles among Chinese women. DESIGN:In a cross-sectional study, we identified dietary patterns using principal component analysis of data from three consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. The China Health and Nut...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S136898001600197X
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To establish the Fe status of pregnant women and their neonates in the Republic of Seychelles. DESIGN:A prospective study. SETTING:Republic of Seychelles. SUBJECTS:Pregnant women were recruited and blood samples taken at enrolment and post-delivery along with cord blood samples. Ferritin and soluble transf...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980009991054
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In the present study we investigated consumers' visual attention to nutrition information on food products using an indirect instrument, an eye tracker. In addition, we looked at whether people with a health motivation focus on nutrition information on food products more than people with a taste motivation. ...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980009993235
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The present study investigates the changes and tracking of dietary behaviours in Norwegian 11-year-olds and examines the association between parental education and dietary tracking over a time period of 20 months. DESIGN:Longitudinal data from the Norwegian HEalth In Adolescents (HEIA) cohort study followed ...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980012003060
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00