Abstract：
:The aim of this review was to outline current forms of surgical simulation and methods of assessing technical skills using these forms of simulation. To review this subject, a literature search was done using key words 'assessment', 'simulation', 'surgery', 'technical skills' and 'virtual reality'. Simulation in surgery has several forms, inorganic (synthetic & computer) and organic (animal or cadaver). Surgical simulation is a mode of training which is promising and may be effective. Technical errors in the simulated environment do not have clinical consequences and does not have a morbidity or mortality. We must ensure that the competent skills learnt in the simulation environment are translated to the real environment. This can be achieved if the same assessment tools are used in both environments. Surgical training is entering a new era, with increased scrutiny and an evolving work and training environment. We as surgical teachers must ensure that the surgeons of the future are as competent as or better than their predecessors using these new modes of training which we have access to.
journal_name
Int J Clin Practjournal_title
International journal of clinical practiceauthors
Sarker SK,Patel Bdoi
10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01435.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-12-01 00:00:00pages
2120-5issue
12eissn
1368-5031issn
1742-1241pii
IJCP1435journal_volume
61pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：IMPORTANCE:There is an ever-increasing drive to improve surgical patient outcomes. Given the benefits which robotics has bestowed upon a wide range of industries, from vehicle manufacturing to space exploration, robots have been highlighted by many as essential for continued improvements in surgery. OBJECTIVE:The goal...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/ijcp.12492
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS OF THE STUDY:Patient comprehension is a critical part of meeting medical ethics standards of informed consent in study designs. The aim of the study was to determine if sufficient literature exists to require clinicians to disclose the specific risk that COVID-19 vaccines could worsen disease upon exposure to chal...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ijcp.13795
更新日期：2020-10-28 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe the efficacy and safety of asenapine for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. DATA SOURCES:The pivotal registration trials were accessed by querying http://www.pubmed.gov, http://www.fda.gov and http://www.clinicaltrials.govfor the search terms 'asenapine' or 'ORG 5222'. STUDY SE...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02228.x
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We aimed to investigate the effect of a low-protein intake on all-cause mortality in subjects with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≧60 mL/min/1.73 m2 with or without albuminuria using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS:We analysed participants in ...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ijcp.13505
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common in heart failure patients. Many of them still remain undiagnosed. The aim of this study was to detect clinical predictors of sleep apnoea which may help to identify patients with SDB at a heart failure clinic. METHODS:We performed an in-home sleep study on 115 cons...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ijcp.12396
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The association between inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) development is uncertain. We conducted a population-based case-control study to investigate whether ICS use increases the risk of developing TB. METHODS:Tuberculosis patients aged 18 years and older were identified using the ...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ijcp.12459
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Smoking has important health and economic consequences for individuals and society. This study expands the understanding of work-related burden associated with smoking and benefit of smoking cessation across the US, European Union (EU) and China using large-scale, representative survey methodology. METHODS:...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ijcp.12900
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:We aimed to assess the prevalence, components and evolution of polypharmacy and to evaluate risk factors associated with polypharmacy. METHODS:A retrospective dynamic cohort study was performed, using a primary healthcare database comprising Flemish community-dwelling adults aged ≥40 years between 2011 and 2015. ...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ijcp.13942
更新日期：2020-12-19 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although mild asthmatics form the majority of asthma sufferers, there is a relative paucity of evidence-based treatment compared with severe asthmatics. OBJECTIVE:We have performed an up-to-date review of the literature on therapy in this group of patients who form an overlooked but important majority. Pote...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01410.x
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled, multicentre study evaluated the efficacy, tolerability and safety of 12 weeks' treatment with controlled release darifenacin 15 mg once daily (qd), in 445 patients with overactive bladder (OAB). The primary endpoint was warning time (time from first sensation of urgenc...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1368-5031.2005.00770.x
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential effect of orlistat on cardiovascular co-morbidities may have been previously underestimated. This study assesses the efficacy of orlistat therapy for weight loss and cardiovascular risk factor reduction in obese patients with cardiovascular risk. This was a 54-week, double-blind, randomised, placebo-cont...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Cariprazine is an oral antipsychotic approved in the US for the treatment of schizophrenia, acute bipolar mania, and most recently, bipolar depression. The aim of this systematic review is to describe the efficacy, tolerability and safety of cariprazine for the treatment of depressive episodes associated with...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ijcp.13397
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to review the application of antimicrobial stewardship principles to the management of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Data from 14 published clinical studies, meta-analyses and practice guidelines regarding the application of antimicrobial stewardship strategies to the management of CAP ...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1742-1241.2011.02704.x
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer (BC) accounts for >30% of all new cancer patients among women but with increased early detection rates and improved adjuvant therapy, the 5-year survival rate presently reaches >85%. As the number of BC survivors increases, research into the sequelae of the cancer and its treatment on quality of life is ...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.01152.x
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Inappropriate drug prescribing has increased especially in developing countries where systems for monitoring medicine use are not well developed. This increases the rate of antimicrobial resistance. The study aim was to assess the prescribing patterns among urban primary health facilities in Botswan...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ijcp.13042
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a common and complex disease whose cause is often clinically inexplicable, with consequent difficulty in diagnosis and treatment. Patients with CPP have high levels of anxiety and depression, with a consequent impairment of their quality of life. AIMS:The objective of this study...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02034.x
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Surgical Nutrition Advisory Team (SNAT) of our hospital, formed in October 1992, decided to study the impact of such a team on the six months before and after its formation on catheter care and nutritional support in total parenteral nutrition. Our study showed that with a dedicated nutritional team, catheter seps...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the accuracy of three non-invasive blood pressure (BP) devices in atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with invasive arterial BP. METHODS:One hundred patients aged 45-90 years, 63% male (50 in AF and 50 age matched controls in sinus rhythm [SR]) were identified with arterial lines measuring beat-...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ijcp.13410
更新日期：2019-08-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Prescriptions for short-acting beta(2)-agonists (SABAs) and oral corticosteroids recorded in a primary care database were used as markers of asthma control. Drug use in the 6 months before and after step-up in treatment from inhaled corticosteroids [ICs; total daily dosage of < or =1000 microg beclomethasone dipropion...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-1241.2005.00455.x
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a case of Pott's puffy tumour in a 12-year-old. Owing to the late development of the frontal sinuses, frontal sinus infection in children is rare. When present it can lead to osteomyelitis associated with forehead swelling. Early diagnosis and active treatment prevent progression to life-threatening intracra...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this prospective qualitative study over 12 months, we evaluated the educational and clinical effectiveness of a new final year undergraduate programme in a London medical school (Guy's, King's and St Thomas'). A stratified sample of 17/360 final year students were interviewed four times, and the content was assesse...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-1241.2005.00438.x
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) has been associated with depression and a host of neuropsychiatric conditions including dementia. This study assessed the relationship between cerebrovascular findings reported on MRI brain scans and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and behavioural problems in patients with Alzheimer's ...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02079.x
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A patent foramen ovale (PFO) has long been implicated as a potential mechanism for cryptogenic stroke (CS), which accounts for up to 40% of all cases of ischaemic stroke. Although there is a strong association between a PFO and CS, there is less evidence that percutaneous closure of the defect, as opposed to medical t...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/ijcp.12312
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zoledronic acid inhibits bone resorption for up to 12 months. It is not known whether the duration of this antiresorptive effect extends beyond this period of time. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in bone turnover at 12 months (T12) and 18 months (T18) after a single injection of 4 mg of zoledronic a...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01392.x
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurement is used to investigate patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and to screen for prostatic malignancy in symptom-free males over 50 years of age. Approximately 60% of patients with early (prostate-confined) occult malignancy show increased serum PSA levels, as do so...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The aim of this study was to assess patient characteristics, medication treatment patterns and healthcare resource utilization among men with existing erectile dysfunction (ED) or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), who are newly diagnosed with the second condition (BPH or ED) compared with those with only one con...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ijcp.12657
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After more than 20 years, the conflict of interest (COI) movement has failed to substantiate its central claim that interactions between physicians, researchers and the medical products industry cause physicians to make clinical decisions that are adverse to the best interests of their patients. The COI movement's ins...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ijcp.12366
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the past years, there has been an explosive increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and this is expected to continue, entailing associated morbidity and mortality. An increasing number of studies explore the different ways T2DM could be prevented. On-going lifestyle modifications need to be addressed...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1368-5031.2006.00929.x
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most cases of splenic artery aneurysm are asymptomatic, being found incidentally at the time of investigations (e.g. ultrasound, computed tomography, angiography) or laparotomy for other conditions. Rupture of a splenic artery aneurysm with erosion into the stomach is a rare cause of massive upper gastrointestinal hae...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Identification and modification of risk factors can prevent strokes. Certain previously unidentified risk factors for stroke can become apparent following admission with acute stroke. The aim of the study was to investigate the prior capture, identification and management of modifiable risk factors for stroke in patie...
journal_title：International journal of clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
