Abstract:
:The discovery of novel immune receptors has led to a recent renaissance of research into the innate immune system, following decades of intense research of the adaptive immune system. Of particular interest has been the discovery of the natural killer (NK) cell receptors which, depending on type, interact with classical or non-classical MHC class I antigens of the adaptive immune system, thus functioning at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity. Here, we review recent progress with respect to two such families of NK receptors, the killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and the killer cell lectin-like receptors (KLRs), and attempt to trace their evolution across vertebrates.
journal_name
Curr Opin Immunoljournal_title
Current opinion in immunologyauthors
Sambrook JG,Beck Sdoi
10.1016/j.coi.2007.08.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-10-01 00:00:00pages
553-60issue
5eissn
0952-7915issn
1879-0372pii
S0952-7915(07)00147-1journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The NLR (nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing) family of intracellular sensors is a crucial component of the innate immune system. A number of NLR family members can form multiprotein complexes, called inflammasomes, and are capable of activating the cysteine protease caspase-1 in response to a wid...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2009.01.006
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immune system is a delicately balanced network of interacting cells. In recent years, the concept of immune regulation/suppression has been firmly established, and both natural and induced regulatory cells play vital roles in protection from autoimmune disease. Recent work has revealed the diverse nature of regula...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2004.09.015
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Precursor B cells assemble a diverse repertoire of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes by the process of V(D)J recombination. Assembly of IgH genes is regulated in a tissue- and stage-specific manner via the activation and then the inactivation of distinct regions within the one megabase IgH locus. Recent studies have shown tha...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2006.03.008
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytokine receptor signaling plays an essential role in the early stages of lymphocyte development. Signals through various cytokine receptors - such as c-kit, flt3/flk2, CXCR4, the IL-7 receptor and the IL-15 receptor - are known to promote the expansion and survival of uncommitted progenitor cells as well as their mi...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(99)80027-2
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibody deficiencies are the most prevalent forms of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs). Several disease-causing mutations have been identified to date, but still, the genetic background of most patients remains elusive. During the last 2 years, next generation sequencing has revealed the genetic basis for a number of...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2013.06.003
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) constitutes the first layer of plant innate immunity and is referred to as PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI). For a long time, part of the plant community was sceptical about the importance of PAMP perception in plants. Genetic and biochemical studies have recen...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2007.11.003
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::For many years IL-33 has been widely studied in the context of T helper type 2 (Th2)-driven inflammatory disorders. Interestingly, IL-33 has now emerged as a cytokine with a plethora of pleiotropic properties. Depending on the immune cells targeted by IL-33, it is reported to not only promote Th2 immunity, but also to...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2014.03.004
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular entry of HIV-1 is mediated by interaction with CD4 and chemokine receptors that serve as entry coreceptors. The immune response against HIV-1 is regulated by genes of the HLA locus. Genetic polymorphisms in these genes have recently been associated with effects on HIV-1 pathogenesis. The history and implicati...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0952-7915(99)80078-8
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The identification and quantitation of peptides selected by class II MHC molecules during natural processing of proteins is of key importance in understanding the repertoire and distribution of T cells. The examination of peptides selected by class II MHC molecules has depended greatly on mass spectrometry, a powerful...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2005.11.002
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We are in a 'golden age' of mouse genetics. Genetic engineering and micromanipulation techniques now allow not only the overexpression or misexpression of transgenes randomly inserted into the mouse genome, but also the directed homologous replacement of normal genes with transgenes coding for null or mutant alleles (...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0952-7915(95)80075-1
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conceptually, a universal influenza vaccine should elicit broadly protective antibody responses targeting highly conserved epitope(s) shared by various virus strains. Strategically directing antibody immunity to the conserved hemagglutinin stalk has recently emerged as a promising approach that is substantiated by the...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2018.03.020
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals are exposed to influenza viruses throughout their lifetime. Accumulating evidence shows the first viruses an individual is exposed to leaves an imprint on the antibody response induced by subsequent drifted and novel influenza viral exposures. Imprinted humoral immunity against influenza viruses relies on ...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2018.05.010
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The syndrome termed 'Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms' (DRESS) is an unpredictable, life-threatening condition associated with adverse reactions to therapy. Although the etiology of DRESS is poorly understood, genetic susceptibility markers have been identified within the HLA complex and there are...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2012.07.010
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis (MS) afflicts about 2.5 million people globally and poses a major personal and socioeconomic burden. The recognition of MS as an inflammatory disease, characterized by infiltration of immune cells into the central nervous system, has spurred research into the autoimmune etiology of the condition and...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2017.08.013
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many of the pathogens that cause human infectious diseases do not infect rodents or other mammalian species. Small animal models that allow studies of the pathogenesis of these agents and evaluation of drug efficacy are critical for identifying ways to prevent and treat human infectious diseases. Immunodeficient mice ...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2013.05.012
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in mass spectrometry technology have facilitated detailed examination of MHC-II immunopeptidomes, for example the repertoires of peptides bound to MHC-II molecules expressed in antigen presenting cells. These studies have deepened our view of MHC-II presentation. Other studies have broadened our view o...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2016.03.004
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antigen presenting cells (APCs) alert the immune system to attack by extracellular organisms; APCs achieve this via internalization, degradation, and display of antigenic fragments on the cell surface by MHC class II molecules. These class II molecules bind to an accessory protein, termed the invariant chain, that ens...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(01)00295-3
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with elevated serum IgE levels and sensitization to a variety of inhalant, food and microbial allergens. Controlled challenges have provided substantial evidence that allergens can trigger acute IgE-mediated mast-cell dependent exacerbations of eczema...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0952-7915(93)90112-6
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent discovery of PTPN22 as a novel susceptibility gene in human type 1 diabetes and continued progress in defining genes in animal models of the disease mark a fruitful period in the field of type 1 diabetes genetics. In addition, the similarities of the genetic and functional aspects across species have been s...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2005.09.013
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Islets of Langerhans of all species harbor a small number of resident macrophages. These macrophages are found since birth, do not exchange with blood monocytes, and are maintained by a low level of replication. Under steady state conditions, the islet macrophages are in an activated state. Islet macrophages have an i...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2016.09.004
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animal models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been useful in the identification of those immune responses uniquely involved in IBD pathogenesis and in defining the important roles of environmental influences, such as normal luminal bacterial flora and the genetic composition of the host, in modifying IBD-asso...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(99)00032-1
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Triggers involved in the development of an autoimmune disease, and those that are part of determining its level of severity, are a major focus of current investigative efforts. However, factors that increase the risk to disease may not be similar to those that determine its severity or its pace of progression. The ary...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2010.09.001
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are two competing theories to explain the mechanism(s) by which cytolytic T lymphocytes kill target cells: granule exocytosis of a pore-forming protein, and contact-induced internal disintegration. Accumulated evidence supports alternative pathways in lymphocytoxicity, possibly reflecting distinct effector funct...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0952-7915(91)90031-u
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hybrid resistance refers to the rejection of parental strain bone marrow cells by natural killer cells of mice that are F1 hybrids derived from two inbred parental strains. This pattern of rejection is not seen in solid organ transplants. Progress in understanding this exception to the laws of transplantation genetics...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(97)80158-6
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells are programmed by the mammalian fetus to induce the development of lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. LTi cells share a pro-inflammatory profile with Th17 cells, as well as their requirement for the transcription factor RORγt. We discuss here the latest data on the fetal and post-nata...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2012.02.003
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theileria parasites infect and transform cells of the ruminant immune system. Continuous proliferation and survival of Theileria-transformed cells involves the well-orchestrated activation of several host-cell signalling pathways. Constitutive NF-kappa B (nuclear factor kappa B) activation is accomplished by recruitin...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2004.05.009
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thymocytes co-expressing the CD4 and CD8 co-receptors differentiate into mature T cells that express either CD4 or CD8 and have helper or cytotoxic functions, respectively. Recent studies indicate that commitment to the CD4+ or CD8+ lineages occurs stochastically, but retention of the appropriate co-receptor is requir...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0952-7915(94)90100-7
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protective and pathogenic immune responses were initially thought to be determined by the differentiation of naïve T cells into Th1 and Th2 effector subsets and the immunosuppressive activity of thymic-derived regulatory T cells. It is now clear that naïve T cells can also differentiate into 'induced' regulatory T cel...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2007.04.014
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have increased our understanding of the nature of autoimmune recognition and of the identity of autoantigens, at least in model systems. Knowledge of the autoantigens and the process of recognition is suggesting new therapies for autoimmune disease. ...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0952-7915(91)90071-8
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successful vaccination relies on driving the immune response towards high specificity, affinity and longevity. Germinal centers facilitate the evolution of antigen-specific B cells by iterative rounds of diversification, selection, and differentiation to memory and plasma cells. Experimental evidence points to B cell ...
journal_title:Current opinion in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coi.2017.03.007
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00