Abstract：
:The regulation of gene expression by the two-component regulatory system PhoP/PhoQ is necessary for Salmonella typhimurium survival within macrophages, defensin resistance, acid resistance, and murine typhoid fever pathogenesis. Salmonella experience multiple environments during mammalian infection and survival requires tightly regulated gene expression. After phagocytosis by macrophages, signal transduction by PhoQ results in the transcription of phoP-activated genes (pags) encoding proteins essential to bacterial survival and virulence. One such gene, pagC, encodes an envelope protein with amino acid similarity to an epithelial cell invasion protein of Yersina enterocolitica, Ail, and a bacteriophage lambda outer membrane protein, Lom. The PhoP and PhoQ proteins can also repress the synthesis of proteins, encoded by phoP repressed genes (prgs), when pags are maximally expressed. If prgs encode receptors for toxic compounds, prg repression may protect the cell within macrophages when pag expression is most necessary. At least one prg locus, prgH, is required for full S. typhimurium mouse virulence. Within the macrophage, different environments may stimulate a switch from pag to prg expression that is necessary to Salmonella survival. prg expression may also be necessary for surviving nonmacrophage environments. Study of the PhoP regulon should lead to the discovery of new virulence factors, increase knowledge of how gene regulation is essential to bacterial virulence, and perhaps lead to the development of better vaccines for typhoid fever.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Miller SIdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb02135.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-09-01 00:00:00pages
2073-8issue
9eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A challenge common to all bacterial pathogens is to acquire nutrients from hostile host environments. Iron is an important cofactor required for essential cellular processes such as DNA repair, energy production and redox balance. Within a mammalian host, most iron is sequestered within heme, which in turn is predomin...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.14270
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Development of penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae is due to successive mutations in penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which reduce their affinity for beta-lactam antibiotics. PBP2x is one of the high-Mr PBPs which appears to be altered both in resistant clinical isolates, and in cefotaxime-resistant la...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00115.x
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Manganese has emerged as an important trace element in bacterial physiology. The correlation between manganese accumulation and resistance to oxidative stress has led to the suggestion that, in addition to a role as a prosthetic group in superoxide dismutase, manganese could exert its antioxidant effect via non-enzyma...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06700.x
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tetA(L) gene of Bacillus subtilis encodes a transmembrane protein that can function as a Tc-metal/H+ antiporter, conferring low-level resistance to tetracycline. The TetA(L) coding sequence is preceded by a leader region that contains a 20-amino-acid open reading frame and an appropriately spaced ribosome binding ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.01119.x
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The chb1 gene, which encodes the unique lectin-like alpha-chitin-binding protein CHB1 of Streptomyces olivaceoviridis, was cloned. Transformants of Streptomyces lividans harbouring the plasmid pCHB10 overproduced the extracellular CHB1 protein; the protein showed neither enzymatic nor antifungal activity. Biochemical ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00473.x
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cytochrome c nitrite reductase complex (NrfHA) is the terminal enzyme in the electron transport chain catalysing nitrite respiration of Wolinella succinogenes. The catalytic subunit NrfA is a pentahaem cytochrome c containing an active site haem group which is covalently bound via the cysteine residues of a unique...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02784.x
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethionamide (ETH) is an important second-line antitubercular drug used for the treatment of patients infected with multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although ETH is a structural analogue of isoniazid, only little cross-resistance to these two drugs is observed among clinical isolates. Both isoniazid and ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03809.x
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the molecular mechanism of neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) signaling pathway for tolerance to Ca2+ stress in Neurospora crassa. Increasing concentration of Ca2+ increased the expression of ncs-1; however, the calcineurin inhibitor FK506 severely reduced ncs-1 mRNA transcript levels. Chromatin immunoprecip...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.14234
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inv locus of Yersinia enterocolitica is sufficient to convert a non-invasive Escherichia coli K12 strain into a microorganism that is able to penetrate cultured mammalian cells. The nucleotide sequence of inv reveals an open reading frame corresponding to an 835-amino-acid protein that is homologous to the invasin...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00686.x
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An msDNA operon, consisting of genes for msDNA and a reverse transcriptase, is present in Escherichia coliB and absent from E. coliK12. We have found that the msDNA operon is located on a DNA fragment, longer than 15kb, that is absent from E. coliK12. Using conjugation, P1 transduction, and nucleic acid hybridization ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00582.x
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogen that persists as surface-associated populations on plants or soil particles. A genetic screen for A. tumefaciens mutants deficient for surface interactions identified a mutant that forms thin, sparsely populated biofilms, but is proficient for initial attachment. The mutan...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04079.x
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laboratory-based evolution and whole-genome sequencing can link genotype and phenotype. We used evolution of acid resistance in exponential phase Escherichia coli to study resistance to a lethal stress. Iterative selection at pH 2.5 generated five populations that were resistant to low pH in early exponential phase. G...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.12704
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The syrD gene of Pseudomonas syringae pathovar syringae strain B301D-R was characterized and sequenced. The syrD open reading frame is 1695 bp long and encodes a predicted protein, SyrD, of approximately 63 kDa. Database searches revealed that SyrD shares a high degree of similarity with the ATP-binding cassette (ABC)...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01738.x
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The UhpA protein is required for expression of the sugar phosphate transporter UhpT in Escherichia coli and is regulated by phosphate transfer from the transmembrane UhpBC sensor kinase complex. UhpA action requires the sensor kinase complex and the site of phosphorylation, Asp-54, under normal conditions, but not whe...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.4021765.x
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteria attach to their appropriate environmental niche by using adhesins. To maximize their contact with the environment, adhesins are often present on the ends of long hairlike structures called pili. Recently, attention has focused on pili of Gram-positive bacteria because they may be vaccine candidates in importa...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05279.x
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Escherichia coli regulatory proteins, EnvZ and OmpR, are crucially involved in expression of the outer membrane proteins OmpF/OmpC in response to the medium osmolarity. The EnvZ protein is presumably a membrane-located osmotic sensor (or signal transducer), which exhibits both kinase and phosphatase activities spe...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00438.x
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Silent information regulator 2 (Sir2)-related proteins or sirtuins function as NAD(+)-dependent deacetylases or ADP ribosylases that target a range of substrates, thereby influencing chromatin structure and a diverse range of other biological functions. Genes encoding three Sir2-related proteins (SIR2rp1-3) have been ...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05553.x
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa can express two distinct forms of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), called A-band and B-band. As an attempt to understand the molecular biology of the synthesis and regulation of these LPS antigens, a recombinant plasmid, pFV3, containing genes for A-band expression was isolated previously. In the prese...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01620.x
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sinorhizobium meliloti, the endosymbiont of Medicago sativa, can use haem compounds, including haemoglobin and leghaemoglobin, when growing in the free-living state. The components of the system involved in haem acquisition were confirmed to be ShmR, an outer membrane receptor, and HmuTUV, predicted to be an ABC trans...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06479.x
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb00745.x
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/mmi.12417
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07757.x
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02377.x
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report the cloning and determination of the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding nucleoside diphosphate kinase (Ndk) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The amino acid sequence of Ndk was highly homologous with other known bacterial and eukaryotic Ndks (39.9 to 58.3% amino acid identity). We have previously reported t...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02538.x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae the mitochondrial and cytoplasmic forms of alanyl-tRNA synthetase are encoded by a single nuclear gene, ALA1, through alternative use of in-frame successive ACG triplets and a downstream AUG triplet. Here we show that despite the obvious participation of the...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05083.x
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The DnaA protein of Escherichia coli is a multi-functional protein which, In addition to promoting initiation of replication, can regulate the initiation or termination of transcription of a variety of genes. It acts by binding to DNA at a defined sequence, termed a DnaA-box. Three candidate DnaA-boxes which occur wit...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.6431365.x
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transcription factor Rex has been implicated in regulation of the expression of genes important for fermentative growth and for growth under conditions of low oxygen tension in several Gram-positive bacteria. Rex senses the redox poise of the cell through changes in the NADH/NAD(+) ratio. The crystal structures of...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06295.x
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial cytokinesis requires the divisome, a complex of proteins that co-ordinates the invagination of the cytoplasmic membrane, inward growth of the peptidoglycan layer and the outer membrane. Assembly of the cell division proteins is tightly regulated and the order of appearance at the future division site is well...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06141.x
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The F factor traY gene product (TraYp) is a site-specific DNA-binding protein involved in initiation of DNA transfer during bacterial conjugation. The sequence of TraYp exhibits a unique direct-repeat structure predicted to have a ribbon-helix-helix DNA-binding motif in each repeat unit. The stoichiometry of TraYp bin...
journal_title：Molecular microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02638.x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
