Postural responses during falling with rapid reach-and-grasp balance reaction in patients with motor complete paraplegia.

Abstract:

STUDY DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic (EMG) aspects of postural control during falling with rapid reach-and-grasp balance reaction in thoracic cord-injured individuals wearing knee-ankle-foot orthoses (KAFOs). SETTING:Institutional Motion Analysis Laboratory. METHODS:Seven T7-T12 cord-injured subjects with complete motor loss (ASIA classes A and B) participated in this study. Subjects with KAFOs first stood steady with a modified walker and then released their hold on the walker to maintain self-supported standing until falling with grasping. The center of pressure (COP), center of mass (COM) and joint angles were measured together with EMG of the triceps (TRI), T4 paraspinal and abdominal muscles. RESULTS:After release of the walker, there was a rapid increase of COM-COP distance (that is, from 13.32+/-11.79 to 54.29+/-24.56 mm), with COM in front of COP during a forward fall, which was associated with the increases of T4 muscle activities. After the reach-and-grasp reaction, COM moved behind COP, which was associated with the increase of ankle dorsiflexion and the TRI and abdominal muscle activities. CONCLUSION:The increase of upper back extensor muscle activity might not be enough to correct postural instability during unsupported stance in thoracic spinal cord injury with complete motor loss. The rapid reach-and-grasp reaction is an alternative compensatory mechanism to prevent falling to the ground.

journal_name

Spinal Cord

journal_title

Spinal cord

authors

Lin KH,Lu TW,Hsu PP,Yu SM,Liao WS

doi

10.1038/sj.sc.3102100

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-03-01 00:00:00

pages

204-9

issue

3

eissn

1362-4393

issn

1476-5624

pii

3102100

journal_volume

46

pub_type

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