Abstract:
:Cases of pathologically changed bone might constitute a diagnostic pitfall and frequently need histological methods to be etiologically properly evaluated. With micro-computed tomography (microCT), a new epoch of 2D and 3D imaging has been launched. We evaluated the diagnostic investigation of this analytical method versus well established histological investigations of historical human bone. Pathological changes due to various etiologies (infectious, traumatic, endocrinological, neoplasia) observed in autopsy-based macerated human skulls (Galler Collection, Natural History Museum Basel, Switzerland) were investigated by microCT and compared with histological thin ground sections using polarized light. Micro-CT images visualize the architecture of the bone with high spatial resolution without preparation or destruction of the sample in the area to be sectioned. Changes in the bone surfaces as well as alterations of the diploë can be assessed. However, morphological patterns caused by reactive response, such as typical arrangements of collagen fibers, can only be visualized by the microscopic investigation of thin ground sections using polarized light. A great advantage of microCT is the high number of slices obtained so that spatial differences within the areas of the specimen become visible. Micro-CT is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of vestiges of skull bone diseases. Its advantages over histology are the fast, automated image acquisition and the fact that the specimen is not completely destroyed. Only excision of the area to be scanned is necessary, if the specimen is too large to be scanned as a whole. Further, the 3D visualization of the micro-architecture allows an easy orientation within the sample, for example, for the choice of the location of the histological slices. However, the need to differentiate woven from lamellar bone still makes histology an indispensable method.
journal_name
Am J Phys Anthropoljournal_title
American journal of physical anthropologyauthors
Rühli FJ,Kuhn G,Evison R,Müller R,Schultz Mdoi
10.1002/ajpa.20611subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-08-01 00:00:00pages
1099-111issue
4eissn
0002-9483issn
1096-8644journal_volume
133pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章abstract::Serum samples of 683 unrelated male and female individuals of four Sardinian population samples (Sassari, Nuoro, Oristano and Cagliari) were typed for G 1 m (1,2,3,17), G 3 m (5,6,10,11,13,14,15,16,21,26), and Km (1). Phenotype, haplotype (Gm), and allele frequencies (Km), respectively, show a remarkable variability b...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330860104
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Investigations of the human femoral bicondylar angle have largely focused on interspecific differences and intrapopulation variation. This analysis assesses the range of variation in the bicondylar angle in humans across four populations, examining the effects of population, sex and age. MATERIALS AND METHO...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22972
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested that bone and dental strontium contents of extinct terrestrial vertebrates vary in direct proportion to the strontium levels present in the animals' diets. It has been hypothesized that these trace quantities decrease as one moves upward along the food chain--herbivores having more strontium than...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330530102
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genealogical and gene marker data from the closely related species Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis have been used to search for linkage between genes coding for the blood proteins albumin, carbonic anhydrase 1 and 2, diaphorase 1 and 2, group-specific component, glucose phosphate isomerase, hemoglobin alpha cha...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330680302
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The premise that bones grow and remodel throughout life to adapt to their mechanical environment is often called Wolff's law. Wolff's law, however, is not always true, and in fact comprises a variety of different processes that are best considered separately. Here we review the molecular and physiological mechanisms b...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20155
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study attempts to fill a persistent gap in the literature by documenting the timing of epiphyseal union at the vertebral end of the ribs in a sample of modern Portuguese skeletons. The skeletal remains of 53 females and 45 males, between the ages of 11 and 30, were taken from the Lisbon documented skeletal collec...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21065
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The human respiratory apparatus is characterized by sexual dimorphism, the cranial airways of males being larger (both absolutely and relatively) than those of females. These differences have been linked to sex-specific differences in body composition, bioenergetics, and respiratory function. However, whethe...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23051
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primate species often eat foods of different physical properties. This may have implications for tooth structure and wear in those species. The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanical defenses of leaves eaten by Alouatta palliata from different social groups at Hacienda La Pacifica in Costa Rica. Leaves we...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20225
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:A variety of mechanical processes can result in antemortem dental chipping. In this study, chipping data in the teeth of Homo naledi are compared with those of other pertinent dental samples to give insight into their etiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Permanent teeth with complete crowns evidencing occlusal w...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23250
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Familial similarity of the dermatoglyphic trait values of finger ridge-count scores and pattern intensity index is examined for 125 nuclear families from the Velanadu Brahmin population of Southern India by the method of association arrays. This methodology assesses parent-offspring and sibship similarity through a co...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330620405
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patterns of dental disease among Bronze Age people of the Indus Valley Civilization are currently based on early and incomplete reports by non-specialists. This deficiency precludes accurate diachronic analysis of dental disease and its relationship with increasing agriculturalism in the Indian subcontinent. The objec...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330870202
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:War atrocities committed by the Spanish army in the Low Countries during the 16th century are so ingrained in the collective memory of Belgian and Dutch societies that they generally assume a signature of this history to be present in their genetic ancestry. Historians claim this assumption is a consequence ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23409
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxygen stable isotope ratios (delta(18)O) have been determined in carbonate in paired first and third molar teeth from individuals (N = 61) who lived in the town of Portus Romae ("Portus") and who were buried in the necropolis of Isola Sacra (First to Third centuries AD) near Rome, Italy. We compare these analyses wit...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20541
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the relatively large size of anthropoid incisors in relation to the remainder of the dental arcade, and their prominent role in the preprocessing of food prior to ingestion, comparatively little is known about the functional morphology of anthropoid incisor shape and crown curvature. The relationship between i...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21598
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primate fossil assemblages often have metacarpals and phalanges from which functional/behavioral interpretations may be inferred. For example, intrinsic hand proportions can indicate hand function and substrate use. But, estimates of intrinsic hand proportions from unassociated hand elements can be imperfect due to di...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22278
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Riparian or gallery forests are critical habitats for numerous plants and animals today. Paleoanthropologically, reliance on such habitats informs behavioral and ecological reconstructions; for example, gallery forest habitats likely played a critical role in the transition from ape to hominin in the early P...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23932
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dental attrition scores from two distinct Australian Aboriginal populations were compared by principal axis analysis. The first group was composed of members of the Narrinyeri group who occupied the river basin and mouth of the River Murray. The second group consisted of members of the Kaurna tribe who occupied the co...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330650103
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The tool-assisted extractive foraging capabilities of captive (zoo) and semi-captive (sanctuary) bonobo (Pan paniscus) groups were compared to each other and to those known in wild chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) cultures. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The bonobos were provided with natural raw materials and challenge...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22778
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three fundamental ontogenetic pathways lead to the development of size differences between males and females. Males and females may grow at the same rate for different durations (bimaturism), grow for the same duration at different rates, or grow at a mix of rate and duration differences. While patterns of growth and ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21600
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) and hematocrit (Hct) were measured in 303 male Quechua children and adults, aged 6 to 57 years, living a lifestyle as traditional pastoralists and horticulturalists at a mean altitude of 4,200 m in the Southern Peruvian Andes. Values for RBC, [Hb], and Hct in...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330610310
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This set of cross-sectional and longitudinal data from children and young adults in certain Bougainville and Solomon Islands populations undergoing rapid modernization during the period 1966-1986 reveals very different responses to essentially the same stimuli-the introduction and widespread availability of western di...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22141
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Large body size has been traditionally seen as the primary dietary adaptation of gorillas, facilitating their consumption of fibrous foods (Schaller ¿1963 The Mountain Gorilla; Watts ¿1990 Int. J. Primatol. 11:21-45). Nevertheless, recent research has emphasized frugivory among western lowland gorillas, as well as the...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(2000)112:2<171::AID-AJPA4>
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analysed the frequency of six Y-specific polymorphisms in 105 Amerindian males from seven different populations, 42 Caucasian males, and a small number of males of African, Chinese, and Melanesian origin. The combination of three of the six polymorphisms studied produced four different Y-haplogroups. The haplogroup...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199701)102:1<79::AID-AJPA7
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Warao Indian village of Jobure has two modes for height within its adult male population. One mode is at 158 cm and the second occurs at 169 cm. Mean height for adult males and females for this village is significantly higher (alpha less than or equal to 0.05) than for the other Warao villages studied. Examination...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330530311
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five polymorphisms involving two paternally inherited loci were surveyed in 38 world populations (n = 1,631) to investigate the origins of Native Americans. One of the six Y chromosome combination haplotypes (1T) was found at relatively high frequencies (17.8-75.0%) in nine Native American populations (n = 206) repres...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199703)102:3<301::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A large collection of identified human skeletons curated at the Bocage Museum (National Museum of Natural History, Lisbon, Portugal) has remained in relative anonymity since its collecting protocol was initiated in the 1980s. This collection originates from modern cemetery sources and is comprised of 1,692 skeletons w...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20228
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:High-resolution imaging of fossils with X-ray computed microtomography (μCT) has become a very powerful tool in paleontological research. However, fossilized bone, embedding matrix, and dental tissues do not always provide a distinct structural signal with X-rays. We demonstrate the benefits of high-resoluti...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23467
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several investigators have questioned the significance of handedness as an explanation of directional forelimb asymmetries, yet little has been done to isolate other explanatory factors. In this investigation, we analyze 61 female and 76 male rhesus macaque skeletons for evidence of age- and/or sex-associated variatio...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330830210
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lateral skull radiographs of 124 boys aged approximately 10 years divided equally between the four angle classes were digitized in an effort to establish the relationship between cranial base size and shape and jaw relationship. Comparison of the means for occlusal groups showed a trend from class II to class III ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330770209
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactation is an energy demanding phase in the reproductive cycle of female mammals. For this reason, several studies have assessed the effects of lactation on female behavior. In this study we examine the influence of lactation on the time-budgets and foraging patterns of female black howlers (Alouatta pigra) in Campe...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21481
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00