Binding of sperm proacrosin/beta-acrosin to zona pellucida glycoproteins is sulfate and stereodependent. Synthesis of a novel fertilization inhibitor.

Abstract:

:Specific binding of spermatozoa to the zona pellucida that surrounds mammalian eggs is a key step in the fertilization process. However, the sperm proteins that recognise zona pellucida receptors remain contentious despite longstanding research efforts to identify them. Here we present evidence that proacrosin, a tissue-specific protein found within the acrosomal vesicle of all mammalian spermatozoa, is a multifunctional protein that mediates binding of acrosome-reacted spermatozoa to zona glycoproteins via a stereospecific polysulfate recognition mechanism. Using sulfated versus non-sulfated forms of chemically defined compounds in binding assays employing native proteins in their normal cellular location or conjugated to FluoSpheres, we have attempted to identify the sulfation "code" required for recognition. Results show that protein conformation is important for specificity and that at least 2 sulfate groups are required to cross-link spatially separated docking sites on proacrosin. The consistently most effective inhibitory compounds were suramin and quercetin-3beta-d-glucoside sulfate. The results support our hypothesis that proacrosin is one of several proteins in the acrosomal matrix that retain acrosome reacted spermatozoa on the zona surface prior to penetration. They also establish, as a proof-of-principle, the feasibility of synthesising sulfated compounds of high specificity as antifertility agents for human or animal use.

journal_name

Dev Biol

journal_title

Developmental biology

authors

Gaboriau D,Howes EA,Clark J,Jones R

doi

10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.04.001

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2007-06-15 00:00:00

pages

646-57

issue

2

eissn

0012-1606

issn

1095-564X

pii

S0012-1606(07)00738-5

journal_volume

306

pub_type

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