Abstract:
:Granzyme H (GzmH) belongs to a family of 5 human serine proteases that are expressed by cytotoxic immune effector cells. Although GzmH is most closely related to the caspase-activating granzyme B (GzmB), neither a natural substrate nor a role in immune defense reactions has been demonstrated for this orphan granzyme. In rodents, multiple related genes exist, but none of these can be regarded as functional homologs. Here we show that host cells are efficiently killed by GzmH after perforin and streptolysin O-mediated delivery into the cytosol. Dying cells show typical hallmarks of programmed cell death, such as mitochondrial depolarization, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, DNA degradation, and chromatin condensation. Contrary to GzmB, cell death by GzmH does not involve the activation of executioner caspases, the cleavage of Bid or inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase (ICAD), or the release of cytochrome c. The high expression levels of GzmH in naive natural killer (NK) cells and its potent killing ability strongly support the role of the protease in triggering an alternative cell-death pathway in innate immunity.
journal_name
Bloodjournal_title
Bloodauthors
Fellows E,Gil-Parrado S,Jenne DE,Kurschus FCdoi
10.1182/blood-2006-10-051649subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-07-15 00:00:00pages
544-52issue
2eissn
0006-4971issn
1528-0020pii
blood-2006-10-051649journal_volume
110pub_type
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