Abstract:
:It is generally assumed by the donor community that the targeted funding of global, regional or cross-border surveillance programmes is an efficient way to support resource-poor countries in developing their own national public health surveillance infrastructure, to encourage national authorities to share outbreak intelligence, and ultimately to ensure compliance of World Health Organization (WHO) Member States with the revised (2005) International Health Regulations. At country level, a number of factors and constraints appear to contradict this view. Global or regional surveillance initiatives, including syndromic surveillance and rumour surveillance projects, have been conceived in neglect of fragile health systems, from which they extract scarce human resources. In contradiction with a rightful stance promoting 'integrated surveillance' by WHO, the nurturing of donor-driven, poorly coordinated and redundant surveillance networks generally adds further fragmentation to national health priorities set up by developing countries. In their current categorical format, ignoring the overwhelming deficits in governance and health care capacity, global surveillance strategies seem bound to benefit mainly the most industrially developed nations through the provision of early warning information or scientific data. In lower-income countries, a focus of resources on strengthening the health system first would ultimately be a more efficient way to achieve proper detection and response to outbreaks at national or sub-national level. As documented in several pilot initiatives at sub-national level (India, South Africa, Tuvalu and Cambodia), the empowerment of frontline health workers and communities is a key element for an efficient surveillance system. Such simple measures centred on human resources and community values appear to be more beneficial than massive and conditional monetary inputs.
journal_name
Health Policy Planjournal_title
Health policy and planningauthors
Calain Pdoi
10.1093/heapol/czl035subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-01 00:00:00pages
13-20issue
1eissn
0268-1080issn
1460-2237pii
22/1/13journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Hypertension and diabetes are highly prevalent in China and pose significant health and economic burdens, but large gaps in care remain for people with such conditions. In this article, drawing on administrative insurance claim data from China's Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI), we use an interrupted tim...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czaa087
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Performance-Based Financing (PBF) is a promising approach to improve health system performance in developing countries, but there are concerns that it may inadequately address inequalities in access to care. Incentives for reaching the poor may prove beneficial, but evidence remains limited. We evaluated a system of t...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czv130
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contracting non-governmental organizations (NGOs) has been shown to increase health service delivery output considerably over relatively short time frames in low-income countries, especially when applying performance-related pay as a stimulus. A key concern is how to manage the transition back to government-operated s...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czp049
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Integration of health services has been pursued worldwide. Diversity in integration approaches and in the contexts in which integrated programmes operate, however, hinders comparative analysis of care integration in both high-income countries (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study evaluates an...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czz111
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The end of the Cold War brought with it opportunities to resolve a number of conflicts around the world, including those in Angola, Cambodia, El Salvador and Mozambique. International political efforts to negotiate peace in these countries were accompanied by significant aid programmes ostensibly designed to redress t...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/14.3.229
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1991, Zimbabwe introduced cost recovery measures as part of its programme of economic reforms, following a course taken by many developing countries. The system of user fees in public health care, aimed to 'protect and support the vulnerable groups' by exemption or incremental fees based on 4 income brackets. Drugs...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/10.3.319
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is understood about the feasibility and acceptability of primary care-based models of task-sharing care for people with severe mental disorders (SMDs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A participatory planning approach was adopted in preparation for the transition from hospital-delivered psychiatric ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czv072
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Formalized task shifting structures have been used to rapidly scale up antiretroviral service delivery to underserved populations in several countries, and may be a promising mechanism for accomplishing universal health coverage. However, studies evaluating the quality of service delivery through task shifting have la...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czu072
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccination, like most other public health services, relies on a complex package of intervention components, functioning systems and committed actors to achieve universal coverage. Despite significant investment in immunization programmes, national coverage trends have slowed and equity gaps have grown. This paper des...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czaa127
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of the millions of Community Health Workers (CHWs) serving their communities across the world, there are approximately twice as many female CHWs as there are male. Hiring women has in many cases become an ethical expectation, in part because working as a CHW is often seen as empowering the CHW herself to enact positiv...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czz025
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zambia has one of the most liberal abortion laws in sub-Saharan Africa. However, rates of unsafe abortion remain high with negative health and economic consequences. Little is known about the economic burden on women of abortion care-seeking in low income countries. The majority of studies focus on direct costs (e.g. ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czv138
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ensuring financial access to health services is a critical challenge for poor countries if they are to reach the health Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This article examines the case of Rwanda, a country which has championed innovative health care financing policies. Between 2000 and 2007, Rwanda has improved fin...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czr070
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although many public hospital physicians in Vietnam offer private service on the side, little is known about the magnitude and nature of the phenomenon so-called dual practice, let alone the dynamics between the public and private health sectors. This study investigates how and to what degree public hospital physician...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czy075
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::User priorities regarding quality care in contexts of medical pluralism are poorly documented. Drawing on group and individual interviews with women, we interrogate ideas of quality maternity care in the context of Nigeria's medical pluralism. We found complex utilization patterns for conventional, complementary and a...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czx131
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Health facilities assessments are an essential instrument for health system strengthening in low- and middle-income countries. These assessments are used to conduct health facility censuses to assess the capacity of the health system to deliver health care and to identify gaps in the coverage of health ser...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/heapol/czu043
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the cost-effectiveness of introducing hepatitis B vaccine into routine infant immunization services in Mozambique, which took place in the year 2001. METHODS:A decision analytic model was used to estimate the impact of hepatitis B vaccination. This model was developed for the WHO to estimate the ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czi006
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of community health workers (CHWs) has been explored as a viable option to provide home health education, counselling and basic health care, notwithstanding their challenges in training and retention. In this manuscript, we review the evidence and discuss how the digitalization affects the CHWs programmes for ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/heapol/czy099
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Scarce evidence exists on the features, determinants and implications of physicians' dual practice, especially in resource-poor settings. This study considered dual practice patterns in three African cities and the respective markets for physician services, with the objective of understanding the influence of local de...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czt071
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the number of direct Ebola-related deaths from the 2013 to 2016 West African Ebola outbreak has been quantified, the number of indirect deaths, resulting from decreased utilization of routine health services, remains unknown. Such information is a key ingredient of health system resilience, essential for adeq...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czx108
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal deaths account for about half of all deaths among children under 5 years of age in Bangladesh, making prevention a major priority. This paper reports on a study of neonatal deaths in 12 areas of Bangladesh served by a large NGO programme, which had high coverage of reproductive health outreach services and re...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czl024
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many countries have expanded insurance programmes in an effort to achieve universal health coverage (UHC). We assess a complementary path toward financial risk protection: increased access to technologies that improve health and reduce the risk of large health expenditures. Malawi has provided free HIV treatment since...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czaa023
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the past 10 years, donors have recognized the need for major reforms to achieve sustainable development. Using non-project assistance they have attempted to leverage reforms by offering financing conditioned on the enactment of reform. The experience of USAID's health reform programmes in Niger and Nigeria sugg...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/9.4.371
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Community-based health insurance (CBI) is a common mechanism to generate financial resources for health care in developing countries. We review for the first time provider payment methods used in CBI in developing countries and their impact on CBI performance. METHODS:We conducted a systematic review of the...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/heapol/czs034
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The financial remuneration of health workers (HWs) is a key concern to address human resources for health challenges. In low-income settings, the exploration of the sources of income available to HWs, their determinants and the livelihoods strategies that those remunerations entail are essential to gain a better under...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czv131
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In low- and middle-income countries, patients may travel abroad to seek better health services or treatments that are not available at home, especially in regions where great disparities exist between the standard of care in neighbouring countries. While awareness of South-South medical travels has increased, only a f...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czaa061
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The question of why some immunization programmes in sub-Saharan Africa are more successful than others is an intriguing one, but not one that is frequently raised or investigated. Borrowing techniques from both performance benchmarking and positive deviance inquiry, we explored this question in six countries. We first...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czn028
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To summarize the expectations held by World Health Organization programme personnel about how the introduction of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy would lead to improvements in child health and nutrition, to compare these expectations with what was learned from the Multi-Country ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czi055
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three broad strategies for health financing reform include: 1) cost recovery through user fees to expand access and improve quality of health services along with means testing to increase equity; 2) reallocation of existing resources to improve efficiency and access; and 3) assessment of the efficiency and quality of ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/10.3.213
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Mauritania, obstetrical risk insurance (ORI) has been progressively implemented at the health district level since 2002 and was available in 25% of public healthcare facilities in 2015. The ORI scheme is based on pre-payment scheme principles and focuses on increasing the quality of and access to both maternal and ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czz150
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Global financing for the HIV response has reached unprecedented levels in recent years. Over US$10 billion were mobilized in 2007, an effort credited with saving the lives of millions of people living with HIV (PLHIV). A relatively unexamined aspect of the global HIV response is the role of the private sector in finan...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czr031
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00