Evaluation of oral rehydration solution by whole-gut perfusion in rats: effect of osmolarity, sodium concentration and resistant starch.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution (ORS) improved small bowel absorption of fluid and electrolytes in segmental perfusion in experimental animals; this was borne out in clinical practice. Adding amylase-resistant starch (RS) to ORS is expected to increase colonic fluid absorption. This study used combined small and large bowel perfusion to evaluate combinations of reduced osmolarity and starch in ORS. METHODS:Single-pass steady-state perfusions of the whole gut at 30 mL/h, using the nonabsorbable marker C-polyethylene glycol 4000, were performed in Wistar rats after exposure to cholera toxin or Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (STa). RESULTS:Steady state was established within 90 minutes after commencing perfusion. Net secretion of water, sodium and chloride induced by cholera toxin was partially reversed by standard glucose-ORS (G-ORS). Substituting glucose in G-ORS with RS (RS-ORS) substantially increased net water absorption (P < 0.001) as did reduced osmolarity ORS (RO-ORS) (P < 0.001); addition of RS to RO-ORS further increased water absorption (P < 0.001). In STa-treated intestine, RO-ORS and RS-ORS significantly improved water absorption compared to G-ORS (P < 0.005). RO- and RS-RO-ORS did not significantly augment net electrolyte absorption compared with G-ORS. RS-ORS was associated with highest net absorption of sodium and chloride compared with all other groups. CONCLUSIONS:RS increased net water (and sodium) absorption from isosmolar and reduced osmolar ORS consistent with increased absorption by the colon. RS in reduced osmolar ORS may have advantages to reduce severity of diarrhea and prevent hyponatremia in severe diarrhea and may be applicable to diarrhea of different etiologies.

authors

Subramanya S,Ramakrishna BS,Binder HJ,Farthing MJ,Young GP

doi

10.1097/01.mpg.0000239998.43141.b2

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-11-01 00:00:00

pages

568-75

issue

5

eissn

0277-2116

issn

1536-4801

pii

00005176-200611000-00005

journal_volume

43

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Diagnostic Yield of Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Endoscopies in Children in a Tertiary Centre.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Endoscopy is integral to the diagnosis and management of many gastrointestinal problems in children. Recently the number of endoscopic procedures performed has increased considerably worldwide raising questions about their appropriateness and cost-efficacy. OBJECTIVES:The aim of the study was to determine...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000001582

    authors: Thomson M,Sharma S

    更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00

  • Knowledge, attitudes, and practice styles of North American pediatric gastroenterologists: Helicobacter pylori infection.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Most Helicobacter pylori infections are acquired during childhood. The North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) recently published practice guidelines for managing pediatric H. pylori infection. Before this publication, the authors conducted a survey to assess...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-200302000-00015

    authors: Chang HY,Sharma VK,Howden CW,Gold BD

    更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00

  • Short- and long-term response to and weaning from infliximab therapy in pediatric ulcerative colitis.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the response to infliximab in pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and their long-term follow-up. We expanded our previous study of 14 patients and furthermore evaluated the success of weaning patients from infliximab. PATIENTS AND METHODS:We reviewed the charts of 27 pediatric patie...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/MPG.0b013e31802e98d4

    authors: Fanjiang G,Russell GH,Katz AJ

    更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00

  • A comparison of oral diazepam versus midazolam, administered with intravenous meperidine, as premedication to sedation for pediatric endoscopy.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study was performed to compare the effects of oral midazolam and oral diazepam, administered with intravenous (IV) meperidine, on pre-procedural, procedural, and post-procedural sedation and recovery in children undergoing diagnostic upper endoscopy. The costs of pre-procedure sedation were compared for...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1097/00005176-200207000-00012

    authors: Martinez JL,Sutters KA,Waite S,Davis J,Medina E,Montano N,Merzel D,Marquez C

    更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00

  • Intestinal sugar permeability: relationship to diarrhoeal disease and small bowel morphology.

    abstract::The permeability of the intestine was studied in 39 children (1 month to 3 years of age) with diarrhoea and in 28 children (6 months to 15 years of age) undergoing duodenal biopsy. Permeability was measured by differential absorption from an isotonic oral load containing 3.5 g lactulose, 0.5 g L-rhamnose, 0.5 g D-xylo...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Ford RP,Menzies IS,Phillips AD,Walker-Smith JA,Turner MW

    更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00

  • Oropharyngeal dysfunction and gastroesophageal dysmotility are present in girls and women with Rett syndrome.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Feeding impairment frequently complicates the course of children with neurologic disorders and places them at risk for malnutrition and growth failure. Although feeding abnormalities have been reported in female patients with Rett syndrome, the mechanisms that account for these findings have not been elucida...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-199907000-00010

    authors: Motil KJ,Schultz RJ,Browning K,Trautwein L,Glaze DG

    更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00

  • Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux and distal esophageal motility in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

    abstract::We investigated the mechanisms of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and esophageal motility during endogenous esophageal acid exposure in 17 patients with reflux disease alone (age range 3-20 months) (group A) and in 10 patients with reflux disease complicated by esophagitis (age range 4-19 months) (group B), by simultane...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-198811000-00006

    authors: Cucchiara S,Staiano A,Di Lorenzo C,De Luca G,della Rocca A,Auricchio S

    更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00

  • γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase level as a screening marker among diverse etiologies of infantile intrahepatic cholestasis.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:Low γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) level is an important marker for progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, yet the cutoff level and clinical application is not well defined. This study aimed to evaluate the role of GGT as a screening marker among diverse etiologies of infantile cholestasis. METHODS...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000000538

    authors: Lu FT,Wu JF,Hsu HY,Ni YH,Chang MH,Chao CI,Chen HL

    更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00

  • Seasonality of birth month of children with celiac disease differs from that in the general population and between sexes and is linked to family history and environmental factors.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes mellitus, atopic dermatitis, autoimmune thyroid diseases, and multiple sclerosis have a different seasonality of month of birth (MOB) from the general population. This study was undertaken to determine the seasonality of MOB in children with celiac d...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/MPG.0b013e3181709530

    authors: Lewy H,Meirson H,Laron Z

    更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00

  • Terminal ileum intubation in pediatric colonoscopy and diagnostic value of conventional small bowel contrast radiography in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Small bowel contrast radiography is often suggested as the first diagnostic tool in evaluating pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of small bowel radiography compared with terminal ileal biopsies in diagnosing pediatric inflammatory...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-200209000-00015

    authors: Batres LA,Maller ES,Ruchelli E,Mahboubi S,Baldassano RN

    更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00

  • Hepatic abscess as a complication of Crohn's disease.

    abstract::A 17-year-old male with Crohn's disease presented with persistent fever and right upper quadrant tenderness. Ultrasonography and abdominal computerized axial tomography (CAT scan) showed two large loculated abscess cavities in the right lobe of the liver. Surgical drainage and antibiotic therapy led to resolution of b...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-198302010-00021

    authors: Weinberg RJ,Klish WJ,Brown MR,Smalley JR,Emmens RW

    更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00

  • Severe hemorrhage from intestinal hemangiomatosis in Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: pitfalls in diagnosis and management.

    abstract::A child with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) and severe anemia caused by bleeding from diffuse intestinal hemangiomatosis is presented. Hemangiomas of the bowel should be considered in any child with unexplained anemia and coexisting cutaneous hemangiomas. The diagnostic workup of patients with KTS and symptomatic he...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-198601000-00031

    authors: Schmitt B,Posselt HG,Waag KL,Müller H,Bender SW

    更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00

  • 13C and H2 breath tests to study extent and site of starch digestion in children with cystic fibrosis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Starch is an important source of energy for children with cystic fibrosis, but little is known about their capacity to digest it. METHODS:A 13C breath test was used to measure starch digestion and oxidation in 16 children with cystic fibrosis (median [range] age, 7.9 [4-15] years; 7 girls, 9 boys) and 5 nor...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-199909000-00016

    authors: Amarri S,Harding M,Coward WA,Evans TJ,Weaver LT

    更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00

  • Cyclosporin-responsive enteropathy and protracted diarrhea.

    abstract::We describe a child born to unrelated parents who developed severe protracted secretory type diarrhea associated with subtotal villus atrophy and intestinal inflammation at the age of 19 months. No infectious, metabolic, or anatomical basis for this condition was identified and the child required total parenteral nutr...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-199002000-00021

    authors: Coulthard M,Searle J,Patrick M,Ravenscroft P,Cleghorn G,Shepherd R

    更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00

  • Guidelines for evaluation and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux in infants and children: recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.

    abstract::Gastroesophageal reflux (GER), defined as passage of gastric contents into the esophagus, and GER disease (GERD), defined as symptoms or complications of GER, are common pediatric problems encountered by both primary and specialty medical providers. Clinical manifestations of GERD in children include vomiting, poor we...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 指南,杂志文章,实务指引

    doi:10.1097/00005176-200100002-00001

    authors: Rudolph CD,Mazur LJ,Liptak GS,Baker RD,Boyle JT,Colletti RB,Gerson WT,Werlin SL,North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Long-term persistence of hepatitis B virus DNA in the serum of children with chronic hepatitis B after hepatitis B e antigen to antibody seroconversion.

    abstract::To evaluate the prevalence and duration of viremia in relation to the features of liver disease, we investigated hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA by the polymerase chain reaction in the serum of 39 children with chronic hepatitis B, after hepatitis B e antigen to antibody seroconversion. During a mean observation period of...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-199604000-00008

    authors: Bortolotti F,Wirth S,Crivellaro C,Alberti A,Martine U,de Moliner L

    更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00

  • Prevalence of lactose malabsorption in Galicia.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of the current study was to evaluate the prevalence of lactose malabsorption (LM) in Galicia (NW Spain) in order to design nutritional intervention and/or public education strategies for high risk groups. METHODS:We conducted a study of LM by breath-hydrogen carbohydrate absorption test (BH2 test) i...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-199709000-00009

    authors: Leis R,Tojo R,Pavón P,Douwes A

    更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00

  • Dysbiosis in Snoring Children: An Interlink to Comorbidities?

    abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Early microbial colonization has a key impact on infant health through nutritional, immunological, and metabolic programming. The origin of child snoring is multifactorial and complex, and may thereby also generate long-term health problems. The link between child snoring and gut microbes rema...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000002161

    authors: Collado MC,Katila MK,Vuorela NM,Saarenpää-Heikkilä O,Salminen S,Isolauri E

    更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00

  • Characteristics of intestinal habits in children younger than 4 years: detecting constipation.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence of childhood constipation, stool characteristics, and their relationship with toilet training and age of introduction of cow's milk. METHODS:A total of 4231 children born in 2004, from a birth cohort study, were assessed at 12, 24, and 48 months of...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/MPG.0b013e318251482b

    authors: Mota DM,Barros AJ,Santos I,Matijasevich A

    更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00

  • Validation and clinical utility of a bowel habit questionnaire in school-age children.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of the study was to validate a brief Bowel Habit Questionnaire (BHQ) with prospectively obtained data from a 14-day diary and to determine whether the BHQ predicts the development of medically significant constipation (MSC) during the following year. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The BHQ was distributed to ...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/MPG.0b013e31822504fb

    authors: Wald ER,Jagodzinski TD,Moyer SC,Wald A,Eickhoff JC,Edmonson MB

    更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00

  • Intussusception of the vermiform appendix: a preoperative diagnosis in an adolescent girl.

    abstract::Intussusception of the vermiform appendix (IVA) in a 14-year-old girl is reported. The diagnosis was made preoperatively, which is rare: only five other cases have been reported. IVA can present with variable symptoms. This patient presented with episodes of recurrent severe paroxysmal pain and vomiting, each episode ...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-198601000-00032

    authors: Casteels M,Eggermont E,Kerremans R,Ponnette E

    更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00

  • Essential fatty acids and their trans geometrical isomers in powdered and liquid infant formulas sold in Canada.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Animal and human studies have suggested that trans fatty acids might alter some physiological functions and adversely affect the growth and essential fatty acid balance of infants. In this context it is important to know the fatty acid composition, including the levels of trans isomers of oleic, linoleic and...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-199710000-00007

    authors: Ratnayake WM,Chardigny JM,Wolff RL,Bayard CC,Sébédio JL,Martine L

    更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00

  • Ketamine sedation for pediatric gastroenterology procedures.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the dissociative sedative ketamine is used commonly for pediatric procedural sedation in other settings, the safety of this agent in pediatric gastroenterology is not well-studied. A 5-year experience with ketamine sedation for pediatric gastroenterology procedures was reviewed to document the safet...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-200101000-00010

    authors: Green SM,Klooster M,Harris T,Lynch EL,Rothrock SG

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Prospective analysis of nonadherence in autoimmune hepatitis: a common problem.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To prospectively assess nonadherence to medications, the relationship between nonadherence and medical outcome and the relationship between a psychiatric risk factor (posttraumatic stress) and nonadherence in patients with a diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Data were obtained in child...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/01.mpg.0000239735.87111.ba

    authors: Kerkar N,Annunziato RA,Foley L,Schmeidler J,Rumbo C,Emre S,Shneider B,Shemesh E

    更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00

  • Faecal calprotectin in term and preterm neonates.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of this review was to examine the characteristics of the faecal calprotectin assay in neonates and the evidence for its use as a noninvasive marker of intestinal illnesses during the neonatal period. METHODS:Bibliographic searches were performed in the MEDLINE electronic database up to February 2010...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/MPG.0b013e3181e2ad72

    authors: Kapel N,Campeotto F,Kalach N,Baldassare M,Butel MJ,Dupont C

    更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00

  • Diagnostic tests in Hirschsprung disease: a systematic review.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:We conducted a systematic review to determine and compare the diagnostic accuracy of contrast enema (CE), anorectal manometry (ARM) and rectal suction biopsy (RSB) in infants suspected of Hirschsprung disease. DESIGN:This is a systematic review. DATA SOURCES:Articles were identified through electronic searc...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/01.mpg.0000214164.90939.92

    authors: de Lorijn F,Kremer LC,Reitsma JB,Benninga MA

    更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00

  • North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Position Paper: Plant-based Milks.

    abstract::Parents and caretakers are increasingly feeding infants and young children plant-based "milk" (PBM) alternatives to cow milk (CM). The US Food and Drug Administration currently defines "milk" and related milk products by the product source and the inherent nutrients provided by bovine milk. Substitution of a milk that...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000002799

    authors: Merritt RJ,Fleet SE,Fifi A,Jump C,Schwartz S,Sentongo T,Duro D,Rudolph J,Turner J,NASPGHAN Committee on Nutrition.

    更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00

  • Accuracy of a Genetic Test for the Diagnosis of Hypolactasia in Chilean Children: Comparison With the Breath Test.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Lactase nonpersistence (LNP) in humans is a genetically determined trait. This age-dependent decrease of lactase expression is most frequently caused by single nucleotide polymorphisms in the regulatory region of the lactase (LCT) gene. The homozygous LCT-13,910C/C genotype (rs 4988235) predominates in Cauca...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000001208

    authors: Alliende F,Vial C,Espinoza K,Schnettle D,Romero V,Miquel I,Arancibia ME,Rios G,Rodriguez L,Quesada S,Lucero Y,Repetto GM

    更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00

  • Autoimmunity in diarrhoeal disease.

    abstract::Evidence for autoimmunity in diarrhoeal disease is reviewed. Firstly, coeliac disease (CD) is considered. The incidence of tissue-reactive autoantibodies in both adults and children with CD (68% and 65%, respectively) is higher than the incidence of these autoantibodies in controls (6% in normal adults, and 14% and 9%...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00005176-198506000-00009

    authors: Unsworth DJ,Walker-Smith JA

    更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density in children with inflammatory bowel disease.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of calcium and vitamin D2 supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD) in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). PATIENTS AND METHODS:This was an open-label, prospective study conducted over a 12-month period. Seventy-two patients were divided i...

    journal_title:Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/MPG.0b013e3180dca0cc

    authors: Benchimol EI,Ward LM,Gallagher JC,Rauch F,Barrowman N,Warren J,Beedle S,Mack DR

    更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00