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Methotrexate for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Safe and effective long-term treatments that reduce the need for corticosteroids are needed for Crohn's disease. Although purine antimetabolites are moderately effective for maintenance of remission patients often relapse despite treatment with these agents. Methotrexate may provide a safe and effective alternative to more expensive maintenance treatment with TNF-alpha antagonists. OBJECTIVES:To conduct a systematic review of randomized trials examining the efficacy and safety of methotrexate for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease. SEARCH STRATEGY:The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) Issue 2, 2009, PUBMED (1966 to April 2009), EMBASE (1984 to April 2009), DDW abstracts (1980 to 2008) and the Cochrane IBD/FBD Specialized Trials Register were searched. Study references and review papers were also searched for additional trials. SELECTION CRITERIA:Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared methotrexate to placebo or any other active intervention for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease were eligible for inclusion. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS:Data extraction and assessment of methodological quality of included studies were independently performed by each author. The main outcome measure was the proportion of patients maintaining clinical remission as defined by the studies and expressed as a percentage of the total number of patients randomized (intention to treat analysis). Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for dichotomous outcomes. MAIN RESULTS:Three studies were included in the review. A pooled analysis (n = 98) including one high quality trail (n = 76) showed that intramuscular methotrexate (15 mg/week) was significantly more effective than placebo for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease (OR 3.11; 95% CI 1.31 to 7.41; P = 0.01). The number needed to treat to prevent one relapse was 4. A pooled analysis of two small studies (n = 50) showed no difference between methotrexate and 6-MP for maintenance of remission (OR 2.63; 95% CI 0.74 to 9.37; P = 0.14). Adverse events were generally mild in nature and resolved upon discontinuation or with folic acid supplementation. Common adverse events included nausea and vomiting, symptoms of a cold, abdominal pain, headache, joint pain or arthralgia, and fatigue. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS:Intramuscular methotrexate at a dose of 15 mg/week is safe and effective for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease. Oral methotrexate (12.5 to 15 mg/week) does not appear to be effective for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease.

journal_name

Cochrane Database Syst Rev

journal_title

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors

Patel V,Macdonald JK,McDonald JW,Chande N

doi

10.1002/14651858.CD006884.pub2

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-10-07 00:00:00

pages

CD006884

issue

issn

1469-493X

pub_type

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Methotrexate for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease.