Abstract:
:Intensive investigation into the interactions of Helicobacter pylori with the human host during the period of this review has led to several important developments in our understanding of H. pylori pathogenesis. There is direct evidence to support a central role for bacterial adhesion to host gastric epithelial Lewis antigens. Adherence can result in activation of host signaling cascades, including tyrosine phosphorylation events. H. pylori induces an immune response that is skewed toward a T-helper cell (Th) 1 phenotype, and an insufficient Th2 response is associated with the inability of the host to eradicate the organism. An area of active investigation has been the induction of epithelial apoptosis, both in direct response to H. pylori and by T-cell mediated pathways. Although the consensus is that the cagA gene product is not involved in pathogenesis, the presence of the cag pathogenicity island is associated with increased gastric inflammation and decreased epithelial repair. Interestingly, infection with cagA+H. pylori appears to result in decreased prevalence of both gastroesophageal reflux disease and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and cardia.
journal_name
Curr Opin Gastroenteroljournal_title
Current opinion in gastroenterologyauthors
Wilson KT,Fantry GTdoi
10.1097/00001574-199901000-00012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-01-01 00:00:00pages
66-71issue
1eissn
0267-1379issn
1531-7056pii
00001574-199901000-00012journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review recent literature (2009-2010) on acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. RECENT FINDINGS:There is a decreasing trend in the incidence and hospitalization for acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage worldwide, with significant improvement in rebleeding and mortality....
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32833d1746
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Immunoglobulin G4-associated cholangitis is a recently identified clinical entity characterized by infiltration of immunoglobulin G4 -bearing plasma cells in bile ducts and other affected tissues. This review is focused mainly on the most recent studies published during the last 2 years that have incr...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e3282f6a7c5
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pancreatic acinar cell is a valuable cell model for understanding how activation of plasma membrane receptors generates signals that propagate, amplify, diversify, and integrate to control cellular function. A primary signaling system involves the activation of heterotrimeric G proteins that stimulate phospholipas...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200009000-00002
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular-phylogenetic methods have revolutionized the analysis of complex microbial communities. Polymerase chain reaction amplification and phylogenetic analysis of small-subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences allow microbes to be identified objectively, even in the absence of cultivation. Furthermore, the sequence in...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200101000-00010
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Conflicting reports in the literature have been misinterpreted by clinicians, who conclude that nutritional therapy for the hospitalized patient is of marginal value. The true benefit of such therapy is derived from the provision of early enteral nutrition. This article describes the physiologic respo...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000618
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects many patients and has a negative effect on quality of life. Along with the increasing prevalence of GERD is an increase in GERD-related complications, including Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. The past year has yielded new insights into the pathophysiolog...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200207000-00009
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). RECENT FINDINGS:Human genetic studies have identified several UPR-related genes and autophagy-related genes as IBD risk loc...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000144
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this article is to review recently published studies presenting novel and relevant information on small intestinal motility. RECENT FINDINGS:The reviewed studies covered a variety of topics with several themes emerging. The presentation and causes of chronic intestinal dysmotility continue...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32801424f3
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize publications on juvenile primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) published over the past 5 years. These studies contribute to the understanding of the clinical features, diagnostic pathways, genetic aspects, treatment and outcome of this condition. RECENT FINDINGS:Sclerosing cholangitis wit...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e3283388f5b
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Esophageal varices and Mallory Weiss syndrome are the two major esophageal bleeding disorders. Although there have been major breakthroughs in the treatment of peptic ulcer bleeding, the management of esophageal bleeding disorders remains a challenging problem. This review focuses on studies published...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200407000-00015
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Taking advantage of their rapid growth and capacity for continuous genetic adaptation, prokaryotes have colonized all possible ecological environments on earth, including the body surfaces of eukaryotes and their gastrointestinal tract. The mammalian gut contains a complex community of 10 bacteria wit...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32834bb82b
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review focuses on recent advances and novel insights into the mechanistic events that may link commensal microbiota and host innate immunity in the pathophysiology of intestinal inflammation and neoplasia. Unanswered questions are discussed and future perspectives in the field are highlighted. R...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32835a670e
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There have been considerable advances in our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and enterohemorrhagic E. coli infection. Given the difficulty of infecting laboratory mice with these diarrhea-causing pathogens, a growing number of studies have found the mur...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e3282f2b0fb
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has changed dramatically in recent years with a wider use of immunomodulators and the introduction of antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents. This article reviews the existing data on the long-term efficacy of biologics, that is, anti-TNF agents, for ...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000078
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The workup of chronic unexplained diarrhea can be equally frustrating for care providers and patients. It carries a physical, financial, and social toll. In this review we provide a sensible approach to evaluating and managing chronic diarrhea. RECENT FINDINGS:Bile acid diarrhea is becoming increasin...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000232
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The elucidation of metabolic pathways and the genetic basis for diseases of the liver continues to increase our understanding of disease pathogenesis and advance treatment options. This selective review covers a wide range of subjects, from the identification of novel proteins and the importance of specific transport ...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200205000-00003
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Enteral nutrition is now the preferred route of nutritional support in malnourished and ICU patients. Studies providing evidence of its efficacy, techniques of administration, and outcome are appearing daily in the literature. This review presents the most important publications in this area and criti...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版
doi:10.1097/00001574-200403000-00010
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Intestinal fibrosis is a potentially serious complication of inflammatory bowel disease and its pathophysiology is still unclear. This review will discuss recent developments relating to sources of fibroblasts in intestinal inflammation, mediators that modulate fibroblast activation and function, as w...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e3282ff8b36
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The treatment of inflammatory bowel disease is a continually evolving area and a major focus of the current literature in gastroenterology. As further information is gained in the areas of etiology, pathophysiology, and natural history of the disease, new agents are developed, and management strategies are revised. Th...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200107000-00007
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize the advances in diagnostic modalities and management options for defecatory dysfunction and highlight the areas in need of further research. RECENT FINDINGS:The diagnostic utility of high-resolution anorectal manometry (ARM), which has emerged as a promising tool for the diagnosis of def...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000407
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Jaundice, the physical finding associated with hyperbilirubinemia, results when the liver is unable to properly metabolize or excrete bilirubin. The purpose of this review is to examine some of the most common causes of jaundice in adults, provide insight into the diagnostic evaluation of jaundice, an...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000354
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review discusses the advances in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of the complications of portal hypertension that have occurred in the past year. RECENT FINDINGS:The specific topics reviewed are the pathophysiology of portal hypertension (including recent findings regarding intrah...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200405000-00010
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its subset nonalcoholic steatohepatitis represent the liver manifestations of insulin resistance. This review briefly summarizes advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its prevalence, natural history and treatment....
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32801421a9
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To critically appraise evidence on probiotic use for prevention and treatment of diarrhea in children and adults. RECENT FINDINGS:Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses suggested that probiotics are effective in primary and secondary prevention of gastroenteritis and its treatment. Se...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32831b4455
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Barrett's esophagus is the premalignant condition for esophageal cancer and the diagnosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma on index endoscopy is increasing. Many advanced endoscopic techniques are available and aim to identify Barrett's esophagus-associated neoplasia earlier, thereby preventing progressio...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000557
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral hepatitis is still one of the most common causes of acute and chronic liver disease worldwide. Major advances have been made in our knowledge of these diseases, many during the past year. Molecular biology and clinical studies have improved our understanding of the mechanisms of antiviral drugs, as well as viral...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-199905000-00008
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of colorectal neoplasms can be characterized by an ordered series of events that are referred to as the dysplasia-carcinoma sequence. These histologic changes occur as a result of genetic alterations in proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. This review emphasizes important studies characterizing ...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-199901000-00002
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW:In the last 2 years, several studies have been published that will change the management of patients with Barrett's esophagus. In this review, we will discuss the most relevant studies as well as future prospects in this field. RECENT FINDINGS:Long-term follow-up studies have shown that to be co...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) was introduced 13 years ago by Given Imaging (Yokneam, Israel). It has become one of the most important investigational tools of the small bowel. The capsule is swallowed with water after a 12 h fast, propelled via peristalsis through the gastrointestinal tract and...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32835bdc03
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Over the past 15 years, great strides have been made in the nonsurgical management of malignant large bowel obstruction. Progress continues, particularly in the area of self-expanding metal stents. The purpose of this review is to assess the available endoscopic techniques for colonic decompression an...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/mog.0b013e32831dde47
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00