Abstract：
:Maternal separation in non-human primates has been proposed as a model of early adversity. The symptoms of separation anxiety were studied in vervet monkeys, during the weaning period, when psychotropic medications were administered. The control group received a normal diet and treatment groups received citalopram, reboxetine or lamotrigine in their food daily. Treatment was given for 7 weeks starting 1 month prior to weaning. Behavior was recorded twice weekly for 8 weeks, and was rated for anxiety and depression. Cerebrospinal fluid was collected at the beginning and end of the trial and analyzed for monoamines and metabolites using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Citalopram pretreatment prevented the reduction of affiliation behavior and reduced stereotypies after weaning, and both citalopram and reboxetine abolished the increase in activity seen in control monkeys after weaning, but no statistically significant differences were found between groups. Citalopram pretreatment also significantly increased noradrenaline and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels and reboxetine significantly decreased dopamine levels over time. The 5-HIAA levels of reboxetine and lamotrigine treated monkeys were significantly lower than that of the control group at the end of the trial. Although limited by a small sample size, this study demonstrates the possibility of investigating the psychopharmacology of early adversity in a non-human primate model.
journal_name
Metab Brain Disjournal_title
Metabolic brain diseaseauthors
Marais L,Daniels W,Brand L,Viljoen F,Hugo C,Stein DJdoi
10.1007/s11011-006-9011-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-09-01 00:00:00pages
201-10issue
2-3eissn
0885-7490issn
1573-7365journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:It has been suggested that alterations of GABAergic neurotransmission are implicated in the pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Increased concentrations of endogenous benzodiazepines with positive allosteric modulatory properties at the GABA-A receptor complex were proposed as a pathophysiological mechanis...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:mebr.0000043974.89820.22
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sevoflurane, one of the most commonly used volatile anesthetics in clinical treatment, has been shown to induce a widespread increase in brain apoptosis. However, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Sestrin 2 has been recently shown to regulate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and play a cruci...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-015-9673-1
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is the earliest form of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and affects up to 80 % of patients with liver cirrhosis. By definition, MHE is characterized by psychomotor slowing and subtle cognitive deficits, but obvious clinical manifestations are lacking. Given its covert nature, MHE is o...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9848-4
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute and chronic administration of Al-gluconate (12.7% Al) at the concentration of 1 mg/kg produces edema in the rat brain, as reflected by the increase in water and Na+ content. The permeability for Evans blue is also increased, which indicates the opening of the blood-brain barrier. Higher concentrations of the Al-...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00996974
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (tBCCAO), followed by reperfusion, is a model of transient global hypoperfusion. In the present study we aimed to investigate the probable effects of Vanillic acid (VA) on some physiological parameters including cerebral hyperemia, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruptio...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0187-5
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Artificial sweeteners are mainly used as substitutes for sucrose derivates. In this study, we analyzed if the chronic consumption of aspartame or acesulfame potassium at an early age, produces histological alterations, astrogliosis and decreased neuronal viability, in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, amygdala and hypot...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0310-7
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Soluble amyloid-β protein (Aβ) oligomers have been recognized to be early and key intermediates in Alzheimer's disease-related synaptic dysfunction. In this study, using in vitro electrophysiology, we investigated interactions of the acidic oligosaccharide sugar chain (AOSC), a marine-derived acidic oligosaccharide, w...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9521-8
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome which develops in patients with severe liver diseases and/or portal-systemic shunting. Minimal HE, the earliest manifestation of HE, has drawn increasing attention in the last decade. Minimal HE is associated with a series of brain functional changes, such as ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9504-9
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rare metabolic diseases may sometimes arise acutely and endanger human life if not immediately recognized and treated. Marchiafava Bignami disease is an uncommon neurologic disorder described in alcohol abusers and characterized by an acute severe damage of brain white matter. Even more rarely, it has been reported in...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9893-z
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondrial dysfunction is observed in brains of Alzheimer's Disease patients as well as many rodent model systems including those modeling mutations in preseinilin 1 (PSEN1). The aim of our study was to characterize mitochondrial function and number in fibroblasts from AD patients with PSEN1 mutations. We used bioc...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-015-9667-z
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral inflammation plays a role in diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and depression. Iron is involved in infection and inflammation through free radical production. Theoretically transferrin should prohibit iron from participating in oxidative reactions, but transferrin has also be...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:mebr.0000027421.33085.8b
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present work was carried out to study the influence of ammonia and factors from sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with different degrees of chronic liver diseases on [3H]D-aspartate (Asp) and [3H]L-glutamate (Glu) high-affinity uptake into the rat hippocampal formation. For comparison, high-affinity...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00996975
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:α-asarone (ASR) is a major bioactive compound isolated from the rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii Schott and it has extensive biological effects. Clinically, anxiety disorder is a common comorbidity of chronic pain. However, limited information is available regarding the effects of ASR on chronic pain-related anxiety. Thi...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0108-z
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to examine the neuroprotective effects of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) in the hippocampus of propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroid rats during neonatal and juvenile growth. Twenty- five pregnant rats from early gestation (GD 0) were divided into five groups: (1) control (received drinking water), (...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0025-1
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral glutamine challenge is a method to increase blood ammonia and may be used to study the ammonia lowering effect of drugs potentially useful in hepatic encephalopathy (HE). We tested its influence on the psychometric performance of 18 cirrhotic patients without HE. Twelve nonencephalopatic cirrhotic patients were s...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1021926601907
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a demyelinating condition affecting not only the pontine base, but also involving other brain areas. It usually occurs on a background of chronic systemic illness, and is commonly observed in individuals with alcoholism, malnutrition and liver disease. Studies carried out 25-30 ye...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-010-9175-0
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Betanin, a natural food colorant with powerful antioxidative properties, has not been studied in terms of neurodegenerative disease intervention. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of betanin against trimethyltin chloride (TMT) -induced neurodegeneration in mice. Forty male I...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-020-00615-1
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The experimental model of central pontine myelinolysis--chronic (4-day) hyponatremia induced by daily injections of hypotonic dextrose solutions and vasopressin followed by rapid correction with saline--was used in young fasted and thirsted mice. In normal controls chronic fasting and thirsting lowered plasma and brai...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00999694
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study evaluating zinc supplementation in patients with Alzheimer's disease yielded variable zinc plasma levels in spite of positive cognitive and physiological results. In an attempt to raise and sustain plasma zinc levels, a single patient was given 15 mg zinc/day with various combinations of vitamins. A sustained ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-006-9023-4
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain glucose uptake is usually reduced in type 2 diabetes owing to downregulation of brain glucose transporters. The ability of Vernonia amygdalina to stimulate glucose uptake as well as ameliorate glucose-induced oxidative stress and proinflammation were investigated in rat brain. Hot infusion of V. amygdalina leave...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0363-7
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calotropis procera (CP; Apocynaceae) is reported to have several neuroprotective activities however it's anti-depressant activity yet to be established. Therefore, the present study was proposed to evaluate the anti-depressant activity of the standardized ethanolic extract of CP (ECP) in chronic unpredictable mild str...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-019-00471-8
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Alzheimer's disease (AD) basal forebrain cholinergic neurons appear to be targeted primarily in early stages of the disease. Scopolamine (muscarinic receptor antagonist) has been used for decades to induce working and reference memory impairment in rodents. In this study, we evaluated the protective effect of kolav...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9902-2
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Menkes disease is a very rare X-linked copper metabolism disorder that results from an ATP7A gene mutation. With the advent of subcutaneous copper-histidine therapy, the early diagnosis of Menkes disease becomes of utmost importance for patients' prognosis. In the present study, the clinical characteristics of 12 Kore...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9569-5
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Levels of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), an important inflammatory mediator, are high in the serum of febrile seizure (FS) patients. However, its roles in FS and secondary epilepsy after prolonged FS are poorly understood. We demonstrate HMGB1's role in the pathogenesis of hyperthermia-induced seizures (HS) and se...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0103-4
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The central nervous system is one of the most vulnerable organs affected by mercury toxicity. Both acute and chronic exposure to mercury is also known to cause a variety of neurological or psychiatric disorders. Here, the neuroprotective effect of berberine (BN; 100 mg/kg bwt) on mercuric chloride (HgCl2; 0.4 mg/kg bw...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-015-9652-6
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the hypothesis that neurotoxic metals can exert their toxicity through the direct inhibition of monoamine oxidases (MAOs), the effects of several neurotoxic metal ions on type A (MAO-A) and type B (MAO-B) monoamine oxidase activities in rat forebrain nonsynaptic mitochondria and rat liver mitochondria w...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01000159
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microglia--the macrophage equivalent of the CNS--safeguards and supports neuronal functions. Threats to the CNS homeostasis can trigger a rapid transformation of these cells from a normally "resting" into alerted and "activated" states. Microglia primarily serves the tissue defence and protection when participating in...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/b:mebr.0000043984.73063.d8
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hereditary tyrosinemia type I (HT1) is caused by mutations in the fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) gene, the template for the final enzyme in the tyrosine catabolism pathway. If left untreated this deficiency of functional FAH leads to a buildup of toxic metabolites that can cause liver disease, kidney dysfunction ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0071-8
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fenproporex (Fen) is an amphetamine-based anorectic; amphetamine use causes a broad range of severe cognitive deficits and anxiogenic-like effects. In this study we evaluated pharmacological effects of the chronic administration of Fen on cognitive and non-cognitive behaviors. Male adult Wistar rats received intraperi...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9617-1
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aberrant brain functional connectivity has been considered as the important mechanism underlying minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE); however, little is known about the change in interhemispheric connection in MHE patients. Twenty patients with HBV-related cirrhosis and MHE and 15 healthy controls were included in th...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9505-8
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
