Abstract：
:Many viruses including HIV, hepatitis C and hepatitis B, have an outer lipid envelope which maintains inserted viral peptides in the "correct" functional conformation and orientation. Disruption of the lipid envelope by most solvents destroys infectivity and often results in a loss of antigenicity. This communication outlines a novel approach to viral inactivation by specific solvent delipidation which modifies the whole virion rendering it non-infective, but antigenic. Duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) was delipidated using a diisopropylether (DIPE) and butanol mixture and residual infectivity tested by inoculation into day-old ducks. Delipidation completely inactivated the DHBV (p < 0.001). Delipidated DHBV was then used to vaccinate ducks. Three doses of delipidated DHBV induced anti-DHBs antibody production and prevented high dose challenge infection in five out of six ducks. In comparison, five of six ducks vaccinated with undelipidated DHBV and four of four ducks vaccinated with glutaraldehyde inactivated DHBV were unprotected (p < 0.05). Although this solvent system completely inactivated DHBV, viral antigens were retained in an appropriate form to induce immunity. Delipidation of enveloped viruses with specific organic solvents has potential as the basis for development of vaccines.
journal_name
J Virol Methodsjournal_title
Journal of virological methodsauthors
Cham BE,Vickery K,Tohidi-Esfahani R,Cossart Ydoi
10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.05.027subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-10-01 00:00:00pages
160-3issue
1eissn
0166-0934issn
1879-0984pii
S0166-0934(06)00191-1journal_volume
137pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Most transplant centers screen kidney transplant recipients for BK virus (BKV) infection using molecular techniques for the virus load determination. However, there is no consensus about the pre-analytical methods involved in the viral detection. In this study BK viral load was compared by the means of two urine treat...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.12.006
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several human malignancies including B lymphomas and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The EBV R transactivator (Rta) has been found to play essential roles in stimulating a lytic cycle and viral gene expression. Recently, it was shown that ELISA detecting se...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.03.011
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ongoing Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak has rapidly spread to new areas of Americas, which were the first transmissions outside its traditional endemic areas in Africa and Asia. Due to the link with newborn defects and neurological disorder, numerous infected cases throughout the world and various mosquito vectors, the...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2016.07.014
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A RT-PCR approach for the direct detection and typing of human enteroviruses in the environment is described in this study. A semi-nested RT-PCR using COnsensus-DEgenerated Hybrid Oligonucleotide Primers (CODEHOP) designed from the VP2 genome region has been developed for the direct typing of enteroviruses in clinical...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.07.018
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Xenotropic murine leukemia virus (X-MuLV) is often used in retrovirus elimination studies involving rodent cells. Currently, X-MuLV is measured using a focus-forming assay on mink (MiCl1 S+L-) or cat (PG-4 S+L-) cell lines. An easier and quicker PG-4 cell plaque assay, which retains the statistical reproducibility of ...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-0934(99)00064-6
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An inducible in vitro cell culture system was developed to assay HCV replication by direct biochemical means. A transcription plasmid containing a T7 promoter at the 5' end, full-length cDNA of the HCV genome, a ribozyme sequence from the antigenomic strand of hepatitis delta virus and a T7 terminator was prepared. To...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-0934(01)00278-6
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A large number of Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs) have been identified from stool samples by RT-PCR by amplifying part of the polymerase-coding gene. A set of probes were selected based on sequence analysis of the viruses circulating in Finland during the years 1996-97 for confirmation of the findings by hybridization. A ...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-0934(99)00115-9
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lily symptomless virus (LSV) occurs frequently in many Lilium species worldwide and often causes developmental abnormalities such as a smaller flower and lower bulb yield. In this study, two moderate and efficient gel filtration chromatography (GFC) methods was compared, these two techniques were, respectively, based ...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.09.008
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new technique of alkaline phosphatase amplification in an ELISA (amplified ELISA) was used to increase the sensitivity of detection of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) from oat plant sap and in individual vector aphids. Amplified ELISA differs from conventional direct double antibody sandwich ELISA (DAS-ELISA) in th...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-0934(87)90056-5
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to develop a more specific and sensitive competitive inhibition ELISA (CI-ELISA) than the currently used indirect ELISA for detection of antibodies to bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) in cattle and buffaloes. Murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were generated against a recombinant capsid (...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.11.008
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, sequences from a putative member of the Flaviviridae, GB virus C (GBV-C), were isolated from the serum of patients with cryptogenic hepatitis. These sequences were 83-99% identical at the nucleotide level. Because of the divergence between these GBV-C isolates, it is likely that the PCR-based detection assay...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-0934(95)01956-1
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HIV-1 infection cannot be cured due to the presence of the latent reservoir (LR). Novel cure or treatment strategies, such as "shock and kill" or therapeutic vaccination, aim to reduce or eradicate the LR. Cure strategies utilise robust DNA quantification assays to measure the change in the LR in low copy scenarios. N...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2018.10.010
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following the introduction of African swine fever virus (ASFV) into Europe in 2007, ASFV infection has spread continuously over the past years and it became a high level disease threat in Europe and also Asia. Examination of suspect clinical cases for ASF with rapid and sensitive laboratory methods can substantially c...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.113886
更新日期：2020-05-23 00:00:00
abstract：:It remains unclear whether hepatitis B virus (HBV) replicates in extrahepatic tissues, and particularly in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which may serve as a reservoir for the maintenance of infection. A real-time PCR assay for the quantitation of total and covalently closed circular (ccc) HBV DNA in ser...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.07.019
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Virus titration may constitute a drawback in the development and use of replication-defective viral vectors like Semliki Forest virus (SFV). The standardization and validation of a reverse transcription quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) method for SFV titration is presented here. The qRT-PCR target is located within the nsp1...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.07.058
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of a quantitative-competitive reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay to quantify dengue virus (DEN) genome (vRNA) and its replicative intermediate RNA (vRI) is described. A highly conserved region located on the DEN capsid-premembrane genes was used to produce a competitor RNA molecule which contains...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2008.05.007
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An efficient method for construction of random epitope libraries using filamentous phage is described. Random DNA fragments generated by DNase I digestion were blunt ended by T4 DNA polymerase and ligated with a 12-mer linker, followed by PCR amplification using the same oligonucleotide linker as primers. The results ...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-0934(96)02057-5
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:IgM antibody capture radioimmunoassay (MACRIA) and enzyme immunoassay (MACEIA) were compared with immunofluorescence (IF) for detecting specific IgM antibody in 99 sera from 76 infants with confirmed congenital rubella, and 61 sera from a comparative group of 59 infants who had miscellaneous abnormalities but in whom ...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-0934(82)90055-6
更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HSV-1-based vectors have been widely used to achieve targeted delivery of genes into the nervous system. In the current study, we aim to use shRNA-containing HSV-1-based gene delivery system for the therapy of HSV-2 infection. Guinea pigs were infected intravaginally with HSV-2 and scored daily for 100 days for the se...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.06.037
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ferret is an excellent model for many human infectious diseases including influenza, SARS-CoV, henipavirus and pneumococcal infections. The ferret is also used to study cystic fibrosis and various cancers, as well as reproductive biology and physiology. However, the range of reagents available to measure the ferre...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.04.014
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) for antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) was developed. The new test uses undiluted samples, incubated directly into an HBcAg coated well. Three alternative test procedures are possible. The stability of reagents was studied and a preclinical evaluation was performed intramural...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-0934(87)90072-3
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immune electron microscopy (IEM) cannot be used successfully for structures that do not have recognisable morphology. However, at least some of these structures or components are related antigenically to recognisable antigens or viruses. We have therefore mixed unknown antigens with known markers and looked for the pr...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-0934(81)90035-5
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies were performed to identify a pair of primers, specific for the tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus complex of the Flaviviridae, with which to develop a rapid and specific identification system based on reverse transcription and the polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The specificity of a putative primer pair w...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-0934(93)90144-g
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six cell lines routinely used in laboratories were tested for permissiveness to the infection with the newly identified human coronavirus NL63. Two monkey epithelial cell lines, LLC-MK2 and Vero-B4, showed a cytopathic effect (CPE) and clear viral replication, whereas no CPE or replication was observed in human lung f...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.07.023
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new system for inoculation of plants with begomoviral DNA without cloning or the use insect vectors is described. Total DNA extracted from begomovirus-infected plants was amplified by rolling circle amplification (RCA) using the bacteriophage phi29 DNA polymerase, and inoculated to plants by particle bombardment. In...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.04.022
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is the causal agent of tristeza disease, which is one of the most devastating diseases of citrus crops worldwide. This paper describes a method for the rapid detection and genotyping of naturally spreading CTV isolates. This method uses ELISA or dot-blot immunological tests to detect trees ...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.01.015
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Emergence of lamivudine (LAM) resistance causes treatment failure in patients with chronic hepatitis B and compromise the efficacy of subsequent salvage therapies with other nucleot(s)ide analogs (NAs). Establishment of cell-based assays supporting LAM-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication will not only provid...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.02.008
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Titrating infective virus is one of the most important and common techniques in virology. However, after many years of widespread use, the parameters governing the accuracy of titration values are still not well understood. It was found that under conditions currently used for virus titration, only a small percentage ...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-0934(90)90047-j
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple studies have examined the use of oral fluids in modified serum-based assays aiming to replace serum in antibody detection for hepatitis A. However, the reliable detection of HAV immunity in oral fluid requires an extremely sensitive assay; most immunoassays designed for serum antibody determination lack suffi...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.01.014
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rice stripe virus (RSV), a planthopper-transmitted virus, was inoculated into rice protoplasts, and a one-step growth curve was determined. The amount of virus in the protoplasts decreased following the inoculation, and then increased after 8 h. The replication of RSV reached its peak 20 h after inoculation. RSV repli...
journal_title：Journal of virological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-0934(96)02013-7
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
