Proteolytic cleavage of Livin (ML-IAP) in apoptotic melanoma cells potentially mediated by a non-canonical caspase.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Several inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are cleaved during apoptosis. Studies of the melanoma-associated IAP (ML-IAP) Livin, using recombinant molecules, have implicated both caspases 3/7 and the serine protease Omi/HtrA2 in its proteolytic cleavage. OBJECTIVE:To characterize the apoptotic cleavage of Livin in melanocytic cells, and evaluate the role of known proteases. METHODS:We assessed the capacity of a variety of stimuli to induce Livin cleavage in human melanoma cell lines and normal human melanocytes. The role of caspases and Omi was examined using caspase inhibitors and RNAi, respectively. A potential caspase substrate was further examined by site-directed mutagenesis. Deletion mapping was used to identify the cleavage site. RESULTS:Livin cleavage was observed in multiple human melanoma cell lines in response to a variety of apoptotic stimuli (UVB, 4-TBP, cisplatin, TNF, Bax), and not affected by the addition of various protease inhibitors or RNAi-mediated silencing of Omi/HtrA2. Livin cleavage induced by 4-TBP, but not UVB or cisplatin, was blocked by the pan-caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk. Mutation of Asp52 to Glu in Livin did not affect cleavage, while either mutation of Asp52 to Ala, deletion of Asp52, or deletion of the adjacent region (residues 53-61) abrogated cleavage. CONCLUSION:Livin cleavage, induced by multiple apoptotic stimuli in melanoma cells, likely occurs in an Omi-independent fashion at residue 52 within its potential caspase substrate (DHVD52). However, relative insensitivity of the apoptotic cleavage to zVAD-fmk, or Asp52 to Glu mutation, suggests the involvement of a non-canonical caspase.

journal_name

J Dermatol Sci

authors

Yan H,Brouha B,Liu T,Raj D,Biddle D,Lee R,Grossman D

doi

10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.05.007

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-09-01 00:00:00

pages

189-200

issue

3

eissn

0923-1811

issn

1873-569X

pii

S0923-1811(06)00164-2

journal_volume

43

pub_type

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