Abstract:
PURPOSE:To examine whether components of body composition (size, fat mass, and fat-free mass) were related to physical activity. METHODS:A random sample of 60 eligible sixth grade girls at each of 36 schools (six schools per region and six regions in total sample); complete measurements on 1,553 girls. Physical activity was assessed over 6 d in each girl using an accelerometer, and body composition was assessed using a multiple regression equation using body mass index and triceps skinfold. Minutes of moderate-to-vigorous and vigorous physical activity were estimated from accelerometer counts per 30 s above threshold values determined from a previous study. RESULTS:Significant inverse relationships were found for all measures of body size and composition and all physical activity indices. The combination of fat and fat-free mass expressed as a weight and as an index (divided by height squared) along with race, SES, site, and school were most highly associated with physical activity in multiple regression analysis, accounting for 14-15% of the variance in physical activity. Fat mass was more closely related to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA) than fat-free mass with higher standardized regression coefficients. CONCLUSION:We conclude that both fat mass or fat mass index as well as fat-free mass or fat-free mass index make independent contributions in association with physical activity levels. These indices are recommended for future studies.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Lohman TG,Ring K,Schmitz KH,Treuth MS,Loftin M,Yang S,Sothern M,Going Sdoi
10.1249/01.mss.0000222846.27380.61subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-06-01 00:00:00pages
1175-81issue
6eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315pii
00005768-200606000-00021journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:To test for relationships between objectively measured habitual physical activity and fundamental movement skills in a relatively large and representative sample of preschool children. METHODS:Physical activity was measured over 6 d using the Computer Science and Applications (CSA) accelerometer in 394 boys an...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000159138.48107.7d
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To date, no study has examined the synergistic effects of a nutrition and combination of aerobic and strength training (CAST) on both adiposity and metabolic parameters in overweight Latina adolescent females. The goal was to assess if a 16-wk nutrition plus CAST pilot study had stronger effects on reducing adi...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31819b6aea
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vertical loading rates are typically found to be lower in forefoot compared to rearfoot strikers, promoting the idea that forefoot striking is desirable and may reduce running injury risk. However, prior work using linear models has shown that foot inclination angle (FIA) at initial contact is a poor predictor of vert...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002023
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare four different methods of measuring physical activity (PA) in adult women under free-living conditions. METHODS:Twelve women participated in a 7-d period during which PA was assessed via self-report, accelerometry and step-counting. Subjects wore at the waist a Tritrac-R3D accelerometer, a Computer ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200007000-00021
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Cardiac aldosterone might be involved in the deleterious effects of nandrolone decanoate (ND) on the heart. Therefore, we investigated the involvement of cardiac aldosterone, by the pharmacological block of AT1 or mineralocorticoid receptors, on cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. METHODS:Male Wistar rats were r...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318217e8b6
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were developed to provide a subjective estimation of exercise intensity during exercise but are also used to produce exercise intensities and to report the intensity of completed exercise sessions. PURPOSE:To determine the relationship between RPE assessed before, during,...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818a0f09
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Clinical treatment in physical rehabilitation routinely uses perceived relative forces. PURPOSE:This study used psychophysical methods to quantify subjects' errors during submaximal muscular force production. METHODS:A sample of young adult (aged 23 +/- 3 yr) females (N = 60, 62 +/- 14 kg) and males (N = 5...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200002000-00028
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE:To assess in men whether exercise affects the estimated age-related increase in adiposity, and contrariwise, whether age affects the estimated exercise-related decrease in adiposity. METHODS:Cross-sectional analyses of 64,911 male runners who provided data on their body mass index (97.6%) and wais...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000174894.05236.45
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared the effects of exercise or TXB2 and beta-TG when evaluated by four methods: 1) not adjusted; 2) adjusted for plasma volume changes (PV); 3) standardized per 10(5) platelets (PC); 4) or both PC and PV (PC-PV). Blood was collected from 16 men (41.3 +/- 8.1 yr) at rest after 30 min of exercise (IPE) a...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199705000-00018
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Accurate and reliable measurement of physical activity plays an important role in assessing effective lifestyle interventions for obesity. This study examined reliability of accelerometer-based estimates of physical activity levels of overweight and obese adults before and after a lifestyle weight loss program....
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181846cd8
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The vascular endothelium plays an important role in the maintenance of vascular health and the modulation of vascular tone and blood pressure. Recently, it has been demonstrated that blood pressure reactivity to physical activity is greater in the morning, and possibly, diurnal variation in vascular functi...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318195109c
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of an increase in roller ski rolling resistance on the physiological and upper body demands of roller skiing with the V2-alternate technique. METHODS:Nine highly skilled cross-country skiers roller skied at three paced speeds on a flat oval loop using roller skis with high (HiR) and low...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199805000-00018
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The range of variability between individuals of the same chronological age (CA) in somatic and biological maturity is large and especially accentuated around the adolescent growth spurt. Maturity assessment is an important consideration when dealing with adolescents, from both a research perspective and youth s...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200204000-00020
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We investigated ethnic differences in areal bone mineral density (aBMD; g x cm(-2)) and its determinants at two levels of maturity in Asian- and Caucasian-Canadian girls. METHODS:Participants were 131 Asian (26 Tanner breast stage I (aTI) and 30 Tanner II (aTII)), and Caucasian (30 Tanner I (cTI) and 45 Tanner...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200111000-00004
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Chronic unimanual motor practice increases the motor output not only in the trained but also in the nonexercised homologous muscle in the opposite limb. We examined the hypothesis that adaptations in motor cortical excitability of the nontrained primary motor cortex (iM1) and in interhemispheric inhibition...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31820a94b8
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Recent literature suggests that subconcussive impacts may influence cognitive functioning across the life span. These effects are suggested to manifest as functional and possibly structural changes. Head impact biomechanics during American football have been characterized from the high school to professional le...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182798758
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine longitudinal change in cardiorespiratory fitness and odds of incident sleep problems. METHODS:A cohort of 7368 men and 1155 women, age 20-85 yr, was recruited from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. The cohort did not complain of sleep problems, depression, or anxiety at their first clinic visi...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000506
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty well-trained runners (VO2max 4.6+/-0.5 L x min[-1]) were age and ability matched and assigned to either a cross training (CT) or run only group (RT). All subjects maintained normal running distance and intensity for 6 wk and reported for three additional training sessions per week. These workouts were performed...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199802000-00019
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Past investigations indicate that training-related injuries are associated with certain performance-oriented measures of physical fitness and certain lifestyle characteristics. This study examined associations between injuries, direct (physiological) measures of physical fitness, and lifestyle characteristics. ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200106000-00014
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used an algebraic model of resting heart rate (HRr), HRr-mn (HRo), to compare resting parasympathetic (n) and sympathetic (m) influence, intrinsic heart rate (HRo), and resting autonomic balance (Abal) in ten endurance-trained (ET) and ten nontrained (NT) men. The values of m, n, and Abal were determined by selecti...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/00005768-198902000-00008
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between overall fitness improvement and varying amounts of running and movement mileage. METHODS:Subjects were male U.S. Navy recruits (N = 1703, 25 divisions), ages 17-35 yr (mean age = 20.1 +/- 2.9 yr), who attended boot camp from Apr...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200106000-00024
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The coordination of blood flow control in exercising skeletal muscle is exemplified by the interaction among muscle fibers, nerves, and the smooth muscle and endothelial cells which comprise the resistance vasculature. During functional hyperemia in active muscle, maximal flow exceeds resting values by 10- to 50-fold,...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the optimal crank length and crank-axle height for maximum power production during standing arm cranking ("grinding"). METHODS:Nine elite professional America's Cup grinders (age = 36 +/- 2 yr, body mass = 104 +/- 1 kg, body fat = 13% +/- 2%) performed eight maximal 6-s sprints on an adjustable ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181b46f3a
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article provides an overview of the history behind the physiological concepts defining the role of the arterial baroreflexes and their regulation of arterial blood pressure during dynamic exercise. Initially, the case is made as to "why the arterial baroreflexes must be involved with blood pressure regulation dur...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318180bc41
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an exercise program of two different intensities, with nutritional control, on gestational weight gain (GWG), infant birth weight, and maternal weight retention at 2 months postpartum (2 mopp). METHODS:Pregnant women (prepregnancy body mass index = 18.5-24.9 kg·m) wer...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31825365f1
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The effect of quantified resistance and high impact exercise training on bone mass as modified by age and oral contraceptive (OCont) use in young women was studied. METHODS:Women were categorized by age (18-23 vs 24-31 yr) and OCont use, and were then randomized into either three sessions of resistance exercis...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00005768-200106000-00004
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Environmental heat stress degrades aerobic performance; however, little research has focused on performance when the selected task elicits modest elevations in core body temperature (<38.5 degrees C). PURPOSE:To determine the effect of environmental heat stress, with modest hyperthermia, on aerobic performa...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181adb9fb
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ventilatory stimulating effects of hypoxia occurring at carotid bodies are potentiated by exercise. However, hypoxia also has central ventilatory depressive effects; the potential interactions between this hypoxic depression and exercise have not been studied. We examined the ventilatory response to a 20 min perio...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Skeletal muscle (SM), which is found mainly within the appendicular lean soft tissue (ALST) compartment, is a biological important body compartment. Simple and accurate methods to estimate both SM and ALST remain difficult to obtain. We aimed to develop and to cross-validate anthropometric models for ALST in at...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818ffe4b
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of the potent opioid, sufentanil, were studied in 11 athletes. Sufentanil was administered intravenously (up to 0.5 microgram.kg-1 over 10 min) to the subjects while they ran at 14 km.hr-1 on a level treadmill. Prior to, and after, the drug infusion, the treadmill was inclined by 6% for 4 min and CO2 was i...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00