Abstract:
:Both zinc and copper are essential minerals that are required for various cellular functions. Although these metals are essential, they can be toxic at excess amounts, especially in certain genetic disorders. Zinc and copper homeostasis results from a coordinated regulation by different proteins involved in uptake, excretion and intracellular storage/trafficking of these metals. Apart from zinc transporters (ZnT) families and Cu-ATPase, metallothionein is an important storage protein for zinc and copper. Metallothioneins are intracellular polypeptides with a remarkable ability to bind metallic ions. These proteins bind both essential metals indispensable for the organism and also toxic metals (e.g. cadmium or lead). Metallothioneins play a critical role to maintain zinc and copper homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the toxicity of zinc and copper and the potential treatment for zinc or copper toxicity by zinc- or copper-specific chelators as well as strategy to up-regulate metallothionein.
journal_name
Curr Med Chemjournal_title
Current medicinal chemistryauthors
Cai L,Li XK,Song Y,Cherian MGdoi
10.2174/092986705774462950subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-01-01 00:00:00pages
2753-63issue
23eissn
0929-8673issn
1875-533Xjournal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Raltegravir, the only drug targeting the integration step in HIV-1 life cycle, makes β-ketoenol integrase (IN) strand transfer inhibitor (STI) gain a definitive place in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. However, the emergence of viral strains resistant to β-ketoenol STI demands a continued effort toward the discovery...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986712803833236
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:During lead identification and optimization, the advancement criteria may be driven based on scientific principles, prior experiences, and/or by examining the path paved by approved drugs. However, accessing the discovery data on physicochemical and ADME properties of the approved kinase inhibitors is a monu...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867324666170523124441
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::First described by Alois Alzheimer in 1907, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia type, affecting approximately 20 million people worldwide. As the population is getting older, AD is a growing health problem. AD is currently treated by symptomatic drugs, the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, based on the...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867043364946
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) is characterized by behavioral changes, executive dysfunctions, and language impairment, sustained by different neuropathological patterns. The collective efforts of clinical, pathological and genetic studies have recently opened new insights into the underpinnings of pathologi...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986712799320637
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antisynthetase syndrome is a group of closely related rare diseases which clinically manifest with inflammatory myopathies, interstitial lung disease, inflammatory arthritis, skin hyperkeratosis (mechanic’s hands) and Raynaud phenomenon. The pathophysiology of antisynthetase syndrome is not entirely understood, but ge...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2015-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), a member of the interleukin (IL)-6 family, is reported to exhibit a plethora of pleiotropic effects in the heart such as cytoprotective, pro-proliferative and pro-fibrotic ones. An extensive research has been devoted on proliferative and profibrotic effects of CT-1 on the heart. Thus the presen...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986713804806702
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mast cells are potent effectors playing a key role in IgE-associated hypersensitivity reactions, allergic disorders, inflammation and protective immune responses. Mast cell development in vivo occurs mainly in non-hematopoietic microenvironments and increased mast cell numbers can be seen in various inflammatory disea...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fulvestrant is a novel endocrine therapy for breast cancer, with a unique structure and mode of action. It binds competitively to the oestrogen receptor (ER), with high affinity, and downregulates ER by functional blockade and increased turnover. Fulvestrant has reached the clinic via extensive pre-clinical and clinic...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986710790820633
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atrial fibrillation represents a major clinical, social and economical matter, and its importance is expected to increase even more in the near future. The progressive ageing of population is associated with an inevitable rising in incidence and prevalence of this rhythm disorder, which limits functional capability, f...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986706777441940
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder that affects about 1 in 100 people around the world and results in persistent emotional and cognitive impairments. Untreated schizophrenia leads to deterioration in quality of life and premature death. Although the clinical efficacy of dopamine D2 receptor antagonists ag...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::For more than 20 years there has been increasing interest in the development of novel therapies to raise levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). However, well publicized failures of recent clinical trials of agents that raise HDL-C levels have stimulated considerable controversy with regard to the pote...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867321666140414104130
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant foods are not only a main source of nutrients, but they are also rich in physiologically bioactive bionutrients or phytochemicals. Consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with a decreased risk of pathological status, including cancer. Reactive oxygen species play a key role in the genesis and developme...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986711795656036
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cu(I)-catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC) is often utilized in medicinal chemistry to make the triazole moiety as it acts as a non-classical bioisostere of the peptide bond. This useful technique can also be applied in the fragment-based assembly of molecular libraries for high-throughput screening. This mini...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867321666131218093611
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Src family consists of eight non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases characterised by a common structure. Based on their amino acid sequence, Src family kinases are grouped into two subfamilies, which are also characterised by different tissue specificity. Src kinases are involved in signal transduction pathways tri...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986708784310404
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis is a pathological loss of bone mass due to an imbalance in bone remodeling where osteoclast-mediated bone resorption exceeds osteoblast-mediated bone formation resulting in skeletal fragility and fractures. Anti-resorptive agents such as bisphosphonates and SERMs, and anabolic drugs that stimulate bone fo...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/0929867327666200330142432
更新日期:2020-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons which brings to muscular atrophy, paralysis and death in 3-5 years from starting symptoms. In about 10% of cases ALS is familiar and in a relevant percent of these cases, mutations of the...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986711798347289
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transport mechanisms of ascorbic acid (AA) are described. The metabolism of AA and its function as an antioxidant are covered in some detail. Subsequently, indications for postoperative substitution are discussed. The supplementation of up to 300 mg of AA per day in postoperative intensive care unit patients durin...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986709787002781
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virtual screening is an important means for lead compound discovery. The scoring function is the key to selecting hit compounds. Many scoring functions are currently available; however, there are no all-purpose scoring functions because different scoring functions tend to have conflicting results. Recently, neural net...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/0929867327666200526142958
更新日期:2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::Protein Kinase Inhibitors (PKIs) and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (HDACIs) are two important classes of anticancer agents and have provided a variety of small molecule drugs for the treatment of various types of human cancers. However, malignant tumors are of a multifactorial nature that can hardly be "cured" by tar...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/0929867327666200102115720
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The sterile alpha motif (Sam) domain is a small helical protein module, able to undergo homo- and hetero-oligomerization, as well as polymerization, thus forming different types of protein architectures. A few Sam domains are involved in pathological processes and consequently, they represent valuable target...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867325666181009114445
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marine organisms are abundant sources of bioactive natural products. Among metabolites produced by sponges and their associated microbial communities, halogenated natural compounds accounted for an important part due to their potent biological activities. The present review updates and compiles a total of 258 halogena...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867325666181112092159
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfonyl group-containing compounds constitute an important class of therapeutical agents in medicinal chemistry presumably because of the tense chemical structure and functionality of the sulfonyl, which could not only form hydrogen bonding interactions with active site residues of biological targets but also, as inc...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986712801323225
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase (TDT) catalyzes the non-template-directed polymerization of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates and has a key role in V(D)J recombination during lymphocyte and repertoire development. Over 90% of leukemic cells in acute lymphocytic leukemia and approximately 30% of leu...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986706777935087
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epigenetics is a field of biological sciences focused on the study of reversible, heritable changes in gene function not due to modifications of the genomic sequence. These changes are the result of a complex cross-talk between several molecular mechanisms, that is in turn orchestrated by genetic and environmental fac...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/0929867327666201117142006
更新日期:2020-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::Protein-ligand docking is currently an important tool in drug discovery efforts and an active area of research that has been the subject of important developments over the last decade. These are well portrayed in the rising number of available protein-ligand docking software programs, increasing level of sophisticatio...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867311320180002
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present article reviews interesting cationic liposomes (cationic transfection lipids) with novel cationic cholesterol derivatives, a new strategy in gene transfection developed by our group and the presently accepted molecular mechanism of gene transfection. Use of confocal laser scanning microscopy and atomic for...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867033457395
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nowadays, enzymatic therapy is a very promising line of treatment for many different diseases. There is a group of disorders and conditions, caused by fibrotic and scar processes and associated with the excessive accumulation of collagen that needs to be catabolized to normalize the connective tissue content. The huma...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867324666171006124236
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perceiving a pharmacophore is the first essential step towards understanding the interaction between a receptor and a ligand. Once a pharmacophore is established, a beneficial use of it is 3D database searching to retrieve novel compounds that would match the pharmacophore, without necessarily duplicating the topologi...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphonated nucleosides represent a promising alternative in the improvement of the biological activity of nucleoside analogues in antiviral and anticancer chemotherapy. The basic concept, the chemistry, the different structural modifications and their effects on the antiviral potency will be discussed in this review...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Homocysteine is a thiol aminoacid synthesized during the metabolism of methionine. Increased plasma levels of homocysteine can be the result of mutations in the enzymes responsible for homocysteine metabolism, particularly cystathionine-beta synthase (CBS) and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). Addition...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00