Abstract：
:Whole-cell recordings were performed to examine the morphological properties of electrophysiologically classified area postrema (AP) neurons in rat brain slices. Using electrophysiological criteria, AP neurons were subdivided into three groups: (1) cells displaying both the hyperpolarization-activated cation current (I(h)) and the fast transient outward current (fast I(to)); (2) cells displaying only the fast I(to); (3) cells displaying only the slow I(to). All AP neurons had a single axon that was distinctly thinner than the cells' dendrites. No systematic differences, across groups, in the orientation of dendrites or axons were identified. Mean values of cell size and capacitance of neurons from group 3 were significantly larger than those of the other groups. Interestingly, a number of cells from groups 1 and 3 but not group 2 were found to extend their dendrites into the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), suggesting that AP neurons could receive vagal afferent inputs at their dendritic termini within the NTS. Although the AP has been implicated to contain uniformly shaped neurons, this study indicates the presence of significantly different subpopulations of AP neurons, which were characterized not only electrophysiologically but also morphologically.
journal_name
Neurosci Resjournal_title
Neuroscience researchauthors
Funahashi M,Mitoh Y,Akaike T,Matsuo Rdoi
10.1016/j.neures.2005.10.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-01-01 00:00:00pages
43-8issue
1eissn
0168-0102issn
1872-8111pii
S0168-0102(05)00272-5journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Vestibular nuclear neurons that mediate horizontal canal signals to the ipsilateral medial rectus motoneurons were explored in anesthetized and decerebrate rabbits. These neurons were identified by four criteria: (1) they were activated monosynaptically by ipsilateral vestibular nerve stimulation and (2) antidromicall...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0168-0102(85)90016-1
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial neurological disorder caused by selective dopaminergic neuronal loss. Quercetin (QC) in combination with piperine (bioenhancer) acts as potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective against 6-OHDA rat model of PD. Rats were injected 6-OHDA (8μg/2μl, saline) u...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neures.2017.10.006
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In many studies on functional neuroimaging, change in local cerebral blood flow induced by sensory stimulation (evoked LCBF) is used as a marker for change in cortical neuronal activity, although a full description of the relationship between the evoked LCBF and neuronal activity has not been given. The purpose of thi...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0168-0102(01)00236-x
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our purpose was to elucidate the functional roles of the laryngeal afferents in controlling vocalization. We investigated the effects of laryngeal deafferentation (sectioning the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (ISLN)) on respiration and voice quality during electrically-induced vocalization in twelve ...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0168-0102(95)00877-v
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acupuncture of the sacral vertebrae has therapeutic effects in patients with overactive bladders. The mechanism of these effects, however, remains unclear. The present study, using urethane-anesthetized rats, investigated the effects of acupuncture stimulation of the sacral vertebrae on bladder activity and bladder ac...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neures.2011.09.007
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The NRG1 growth factor and ERBB4 receptor have been identified as leading schizophrenia risk genes. Although NRG1 and ERBB4 have been shown to modulate neuronal functions involved in schizophrenia, including both GABAergic and glutamatergic synapses, the exact molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we inv...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neures.2011.02.009
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is a serine protease that converts the inactive precursor plasminogen to the active protease plasmin. In the central nervous system, tPA has been suggested to participate in plasticity, memory and the neuronal degeneration caused by excitotoxins, but its precise functions during...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0168-0102(98)00125-4
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Concurrent eye and hand movements toward a common visual target require different motor programs based on identical visual input. We used event-related brain potentials (ERP) to determine if and when the processing of the visual target differs for the two motor systems. The N2, an index for target evaluation, was more...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neures.2013.08.002
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied developmental changes in respiratory-like C4 activity and respiratory-related neurons in the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) of brainstem-spinal cord preparations from rat fetuses after embryonic day 16 (E16). In addition to respiratory nerve activity, non-respiratory activity was recorded from the C4 ventral r...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0168-0102(01)00322-4
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Event-related potentials (ERPs) during an auditory discrimination task were recorded both on the surface and at a depth of the auditory cortex in rats. Ten-kilohertz rare and 5-kHz frequent tones were used with the probabilities of 0.2 and 0.8. Lever pressing within 2 s, following the onset of the rare tone, was rewar...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0168-0102(94)90073-6
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), transcription factor activator protein 2 (AP-2) is one of the critical regulatory factors for neural gene expression and neural development. As AP-2 has diverged into several subtypes, i.e. AP-2alpha, -2beta, and 2.2, we investigated the distribution of the AP-2 subtypes ...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0168-0102(99)00017-6
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The actin cytoskeleton plays a critical role in the cellular morphological changes. Its organization is essential for neurite extension and synaptogenesis under the processes of neuronal development. Recently, neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) and WASP family verprolin-homologous protein (WAVE) have bee...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neures.2006.09.007
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta play a major role in goal-directed behavior and reinforcement learning. The study of their local interactions has revealed that they are connected by electrical synapses. Connexins, the molecular substrate of electrical synapses, constitute a multigenic family...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neures.2006.08.013
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interleukin-6 (IL-6, human recombinant) promoted the survival of catecholaminergic neurons from fetal and postnatal rat midbrains as assessed by an immunohistochemical staining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in culture using a chemically defined medium. The maximal dose of IL-6 for the cell survival of postnatal P15 ra...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0168-0102(92)90039-f
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients tend to have increased plasma levels of homocysteine. However, it is unclear whether abnormality in homocysteine levels is a primary cause of Alzheimer's disease or a disease marker. In order to investigate the relative impact of Alzheimer's disease on plasma homocysteine levels, tota...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neures.2005.09.001
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) mRNA-positive cells were visualized by non-isotopic in situ hybridization histochemistry in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and the preoptic area (POA) in gonadectomized juvenile female and male rats. In the rostral POA (rPOA) at the level of the anteroventr...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0168-0102(02)00025-1
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intrastriatal hemorrhage in rats causes neurodegenaration of the substantia nigra (SN) followed by the appearance of ED1(+) cells (macrophage/microglia). ED1(+) cells were observed for at least 8 weeks after hemorrhage. Phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was shown in ED1(+) cells with the e...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0168-0102(03)00065-8
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolism of arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenase is one of the primary sources of reactive oxygen species in the ischemic brain. Neuronal overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 has recently been shown to contribute to neurodegeneration following ischemic injury. In the present study, we examined the possibility that the n...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0168-0102(03)00184-6
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Madagascan lesser hedgehog tenrec was investigated to get insight into the areal evolution of the hippocampal formation in mammals with poorly differentiated brains. The hippocampal subdivisions were analyzed using cyto- and chemoarchitectural criteria; long associational and commissural connections were demonstra...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0168-0102(01)00288-7
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant inheritable neurodegenerative disorder currently without effective treatment. It is caused by an expanded polyglutamine (poly Q) tract in the corresponding protein, huntingtin (htt), and therefore suppressing the huntingtin expression in brain neurons is expected to d...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neures.2005.06.021
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the rat has been the predominant rodent used to investigate the pathophysiology and treatment of experimental spinal cord injury (SCI), the increasing availability of transgenic animals has led to greater use of mouse models. However, behavioral assessment after SCI in mice has been less extensively investiga...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neures.2010.02.009
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent technological progress has yielded great amounts of information about the molecular constituents of postsynaptic scaffolds in the dendritic spine. Actin filaments are major cytoskeletal elements in the dendritic spine, and they functionally interact with neurotransmitter receptors via regulatory actin-binding p...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0168-0102(01)00209-7
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aging is a natural biological process associated with several neurological disorders along with the biochemical changes in brain. Aim of the present investigation is to study the effect of carnosine (0.5-2.5μg/kg/day, i.t. for 21 consecutive days) on aging-induced changes in brain regional (cerebral cortex, hippocampu...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neures.2014.09.009
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of morphine on the reflex discharges in sympathetic efferents recorded from branches of the inferior cardiac nerve (ICN) were studied in rats anesthetized with alpha-chloralose and urethane. Somatocardiac sympathetic A- and C-reflexes were elicited by single shock electrical stimulation of myelinated (A) a...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0168-0102(92)90049-i
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was conducted to ascertain the possible expression of Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-LI) in the postsynaptic dorsal column (PSDC) neurons in response to noxious mechanical stimulation of the forepaw glabrous area of normal rats. For this purpose, Fos immunohistochemistry along with Fluoro-Gold (FG) retrogra...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0168-0102(01)00245-0
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied hippocampal cellular proliferation and neurogenesis processes in a model of transient global cerebral ischemia in gerbils by labelling dividing cells with 5'-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). Surrounding the region of selective neuronal death (CA1 pyramidal layer of the hippocampus), an important increase in re...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neures.2008.01.008
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The intent of the present study is to define the brainstem nuclei which give rise to CGRP-immunolabeled afferents to the inferior olivary complex of the mouse. A technique which combines retrograde transport of fluorescent microspheres with immunohistochemistry was used to address this question. In the present study, ...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0168-0102(99)00045-0
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamate receptor subtypes mediating excitatory synaptic neurotransmission in the cerebellar cortex are briefly reviewed from molecular biological, electrophysiological and pharmacological points of view. In particular, molecular biological findings of a novel family of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors are introduc...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0168-0102(91)90023-r
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been postulated that horizontal cells (HCs) send feedback signals onto cones via a proton feedback mechanism, which generates the center-surround receptive field of bipolar cells, and color-opponent signals in many non-mammalian vertebrates. Here we used a strong pH buffer, HEPES, to reduce extracellular proton...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neures.2012.01.008
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We generated a transgenic rat strain with a missense mutation in V286L (V286L-TG), in the gene encoding the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor β2 subunit (CHRNB2) found in patients with autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE). To confirm that V286L-TG rats exhibit seizures similar to those o...
journal_title：Neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neures.2015.06.003
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
