Abstract:
:The immunosuppressive nature of glucocorticoids has been well documented both in vitro and in vivo. This glucocorticoid-mediated immunosuppression has also been observed in immune cells within the central nervous system (CNS). For example, microglia have previously been shown to exhibit decreased proliferation, cytokine production, and antigen presentation upon treatment with glucocorticoids in vitro. Despite these in vitro findings, the impact of glucocorticoids on microglia function in vivo has not been fully investigated. To determine the interaction between glucocorticoids and microglia within the CNS, we used a restraint model of psychological stress to elevate corticosterone levels in mice. Quantification of microglia from stressed mice indicated that four sessions of stress induced the proliferation of microglia. This proliferation was a function of corticosterone-induced activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor within the CNS since blockade of corticosterone synthesis, the glucocorticoid receptor, or the NMDA receptor each prevented stress-induced increases in microglia number. In addition, the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 prevented increases in microglia following exogenous corticosterone administration to non-stressed mice. We conclude that activation of the NMDA receptor and subsequent microglia proliferation is a downstream effect of elevated corticosterone levels. These findings demonstrate that elevated levels of glucocorticoids are able to activate microglia in vivo and suggest that stress is able to induce a pro-inflammatory response within the CNS. A pro-inflammatory microglia response may be a contributing factor in the development of various stress-induced inflammatory conditions in the CNS.
journal_name
J Neuroimmunoljournal_title
Journal of neuroimmunologyauthors
Nair A,Bonneau RHdoi
10.1016/j.jneuroim.2005.09.012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-02-01 00:00:00pages
72-85issue
1-2eissn
0165-5728issn
1872-8421pii
S0165-5728(05)00415-7journal_volume
171pub_type
杂志文章abstract::DNA synthesis was studied in primary glial cell cultures derived from adult human non-neoplastic and neoplastic brain tissues. Enhanced DNA synthesis occurred in 5/5 non-neoplastic astrocyte, one oligodendroglioma, and 2/5 astrocytoma cultures after exposure to medium containing 1.25-12.5% supernatant fluid (SF) from ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-5728(85)90005-0
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We found that rejuvenation of the recipient immunity by inoculation of young CD4(+) T cells or a fetal thymus graft led to down regulation of the interleukin 1 receptor type II (IL-1R2) gene in CD4(+) T cells and reduced age-related hearing loss and degeneration of the spiral ganglion in SAMP1 mice, a murine model of ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2012.05.007
更新日期:2012-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have established a mouse experimental brain abscess model using Staphylococcus aureus where lesion sites are greatly exaggerated compared to the localized area of initial infection, reminiscent of an overactive immune response. Here we demonstrate the prolonged expression of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and macrophage inf...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.02.002
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of plasma exchange as a therapy for Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) suggests that humoral factors might contribute to the axonal conduction block responsible for the major symptoms of the disease. To explore this possibility, we have applied sera to rat spinal roots in vitro while monitoring axonal conducti...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(03)00156-5
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunological changes initiated by major operative injury may result in inflammatory responses in both peripheral and central nervous system, which may lead to organ dysfunction. Recent studies indicate that beta-adrenergic receptors (beta-ARs) may mediate production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain. In the ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.04.006
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we describe for the first time the production of stable human B cell lines and clones that secrete IgM antibody specific for human myelin basic protein. The technique based on limiting dilutions of Epstein-Barr virus-transformed peripheral B cells from patients with multiple sclerosis, precluded the need...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-5728(89)90092-1
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although it is generally accepted that pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by cells of the central nervous system play important roles in the communication between the central nervous system and the immune system during sepsis, it is not clear whether these cytokines are produced in the brain under subseptic condition...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(98)00193-3
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously found a dramatic increase of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor (CRF-R1) production in splenic neutrophils of male C57BL/6N mice after application of an immunological stimulus. We demonstrate here that immobilization, a predominantly psychological stress, exhibited a similar effect. Shortly aft...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(99)00229-5
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is a rare and heterogeneous inflammatory disease of the CNS vasculature with poorly understood pathophysiology. Comprehensive immune-cell phenotyping revealed increased frequencies of leukocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of PACNS patients compared to patien...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.06.004
更新日期:2018-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated T cell epitopes of guinea pig myelin basic protein (MBP) that induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in DA rats, using synthetic peptides that correspond to regions of the guinea pig MBP molecule that are homologous to rat MBP. Four peptides were encephalitogenic when tested in DA rats....
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(97)00084-2
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A technique is described which allows the detection of virus-specific oligoclonal IgG in unconcentrated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with virus infections of the central nervous system. CSF is isoelectrically focused in agarose gels and immunoglobulins are blotted to nitrocellulose filters, passively loaded...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(84)80008-9
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thymic function in myasthenic patients was examined using two biochemical markers which specifically define a population of cortisone-sensitive cortical thymocytes. The enzymatic activities of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) were determined in 13 samples. High contents of both...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-5728(84)90067-5
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is the main target antigen in myasthenia gravis (MG), but about 15% of patients with typical immunologically mediated MG do not have detectable anti-AChR antibodies. Previous studies showed that plasma from these 'seronegative' patients (SNMG) reduced AChR function in the human AChR-e...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-5728(95)00169-7
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The subunit composition of acetylcholine receptor-like protein(s) (AChR-LP) expressed by normal thymus was investigated. In skeletal muscle, the AChR exists in two forms, an embryonic form which contains the gamma-subunit and an adult form where the gamma-subunit is substituted by a different, homologous subunit calle...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-5728(90)90150-l
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a nonhuman primate model, we examined the mechanisms by which acute social stress inhibits the ability of NK cells to form conjugates with, and lyse target cells. We examined the expression and role of the primary NK cell adhesion molecules, CD2 and LFA-1, in mediating conjugation to target cells. Acute stress i...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(99)00125-3
更新日期:1999-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::A chemiluminescence assay was developed based on the interaction between antibodies binding to the surface of living brain cells in culture and macrophages. Such interaction leads to production of reactive oxygen radicals which can be measured by a chemiluminescence assay. This assay was used to detect anti brain anti...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-5728(94)90199-6
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroadapted Sindbis virus infection of mice causes T cell-mediated fatal encephalomyelitis. In the absence of IL-10, pathogenic Th17 cells are increased and disease is accelerated. Lymphoid and myeloid cell contributions to IL-10 production were determined using VertX IL-10 transcriptional eGFP reporter mice. Effecto...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.04.010
更新日期:2016-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed the relationship between the expression of interferon (IFN)-gamma and HTLV-I p19 antigen and activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) in two HTLV-I-infected T cell lines derived from two patients (HCT-1 and HCT-4) with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP)...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.10.007
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients make antibodies to heterogeneous nuclear ribonuclear protein A1 (hnRNP-A1), a nucleocytoplasmic protein. We hypothesized this autoimmune reaction might contribute to neurodegeneration. Antibodies from MS patients reacted with hnRNP-A1-'M9', its nuclear translocation sequence. Transfect...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2011.02.007
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactogen-dependent Nb2 cell lines have been widely employed to investigate signaling mechanisms coupled to prolactin receptor (PRLR)-stimulated transcription of hormone-responsive genes. We previously reported that PRL rapidly induced expression of the immediate-early protooncogene, pim-1. In the present report, we de...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(00)00301-5
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to evaluate the type-1 immune response by analyzing T-bet expression in circulating T and B cells in Primary Progressive (PP) and Secondary Progressive (SP) Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. We found higher percentages of circulating CD4+T-bet+ and CD8+T-bet+ T cells in SPMS and PPMS than in r...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2012.04.019
更新日期:2012-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::A monoclonal antibody, designated C138, was raised against a particulate fraction from young postnatal mouse cerebellum. In sections from adult mouse brain and cerebellum, this antibody stained a sub-population of neurons. Cell bodies of large neurones and fibre tracts were negative in all brain regions examined, wher...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-5728(83)90034-6
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effect of gallium (Ga) nitrate on the development of the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Weekly subcutaneous injections of 10-30 mg/kg prevented clinical signs as well as histopathological changes of EAE. The optimal timing of a single injection of Ga was 6 days after in...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-5728(92)90186-o
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The skin response to myelin basic protein (MBP) was studied in chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) using strain 13 guinea pigs. The delayed type skin response showed a monophasic curve; it gradually increased after immunization, reached maximum levels around 80 days post-immunization, and d...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-5728(83)90050-4
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::H-2 class I antigens, but not class II antigens, were detected on the surface of glial cells persistently infected with mouse hepatitis virus strain A59 (MHV-A59) as late as 90 days post-infection. Uninfected glial cells remained negative for H-2 class I and class II surface antigens. We have previously shown that con...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-5728(89)90040-4
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Failure of CD95-mediated apoptosis as a potential negative regulatory mechanism of T cell expansion may be involved in T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Recently, soluble CD95 has been shown to be elevated in MS patients with active disease. Here, we report that the sera of MS patien...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(98)00032-0
更新日期:1998-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::M1 and M2 are the extremes of the differentiation spectrum of activated macrophages. Since microglia are members of the same cell lineage, we have characterized their transcription profile and their phagocytic activity under different conditions. LPS or IFN-gamma induce a M1-like phenotype, while IL-10 or IL-4 differe...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.02.003
更新日期:2009-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::The causative and infectious agent of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, e.g. bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle or variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans, is a pathogenic form of the scrapie prion protein (PrP(Sc)) generated by a conformational rearrangement in the normal cellular prion prote...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(02)00316-8
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rasmussen's encephalitis (RE) is a rare condition characterized by drug-resistant seizures, recurrent status epilepticus and progressive lateralized neurological deterioration. There is evidence of autoimmune involvement in the pathogenesis. We investigated the presence of anti-GluR3 antibodies against peptides A and ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(02)00261-8
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tacrolimus-induced encephalopathy presents with acute neurological symptoms such as headache, seizures, visual disturbances, hemiplegia, and altered mental status. A 60-year-old woman, presented to our clinic with a 4-month history of severe headache. She recently underwent kidney transplantation and was taking tacrol...
journal_title:Journal of neuroimmunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.01.006
更新日期:2019-05-15 00:00:00