Differential activation of insulin receptor isoforms by insulin-like growth factors is determined by the C domain.

Abstract:

:The actions of IGF-I and IGF-II are thought to be largely due to their activation of the IGF-I receptor. However, IGF-II can also bind with high affinity to, and effectively activate, an isoform of the insulin receptor (IR-A) that lacks a sequence at the carboxyl-terminal end of the extracellular alpha subunit due to the alternative splicing of exon 11. This isoform is poorly activated by IGF-I. Here, we show that IGF-II, but not IGF-I, induces potent autophosphorylation of residues Y1158, Y1162, and Y1163 in the activation loop of the kinase domain and tyrosine 960 in the juxtamembrane region of both IR-A and IR-B (exon 11+) isoforms. We have also found, by using IGF chimeras, that the C domain of IGF-II completely accounts for the ability of IGF-II to stimulate IR autophosphorylation compared with IGF-I. We further show that the C domains are responsible for the differential abilities of IGF-II and IGF-I to activate phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 and Akt, as well as their ability to induce migration and cell survival via the IR-A. Finally, we show for the first time that IGF signaling through the IR-A can protect cells from butyrate-induced apoptosis. In summary, our studies define the structural determinants that allow potent IGF-II signaling and regulation of cellular functions through the IR-A and provide novel insights into IGF signaling via the IR.

journal_name

Endocrinology

journal_title

Endocrinology

authors

Denley A,Brierley GV,Carroll JM,Lindenberg A,Booker GW,Cosgrove LJ,Wallace JC,Forbes BE,Roberts CT Jr

doi

10.1210/en.2005-0736

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-02-01 00:00:00

pages

1029-36

issue

2

eissn

0013-7227

issn

1945-7170

pii

en.2005-0736

journal_volume

147

pub_type

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