Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:This study investigates how voluntary changes in tobacco consumption are related to changes in biological risk factors for cardiovascular disease in 21- to 36-year-old men and women. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Data of the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study (AGAHLS) were used to study the association between voluntary changes in tobacco consumption and changes in biological risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) during 4-6 years of follow-up in 165 men and 195 women aged 21-36 years. We used multiple linear regression analyses with corrections for age and changes in other lifestyles. RESULTS:In both sexes, we found trends for a reduction in blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), body weight, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and a rise in the ratio between total serum cholesterol (TC) and HDL-C (TC/HDL-C) with increasing tobacco consumption. Opposite trends were found with reducing tobacco consumption. In women, body weight, WHR, and waist circumference reduced significantly and independently with increasing tobacco consumption and increased significantly with decreasing tobacco consumption. CONCLUSION:These results suggest that voluntary changes in tobacco consumption go together with both healthy and unhealthy changes in biological risk factors for CVD.
journal_name
J Clin Epidemioljournal_title
Journal of clinical epidemiologyauthors
Bernaards CM,Twisk JW,Snel J,van Mechelen W,Kemper HCdoi
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.02.019subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-11-01 00:00:00pages
1165-71issue
11eissn
0895-4356issn
1878-5921pii
S0895-4356(05)00156-3journal_volume
58pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Hui and Walter developed a latent class approach to assess the accuracy of a diagnostic procedure when no reference test is available. Our objective was to compare sensitivity and specificity estimates obtained with this reference-free approach and standard approaches, and to examine how and wh...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.10.021
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Administrative databases are increasingly used for studying outcomes of medical care. Valid inferences from such data require the ability to account for disease severity and comorbid conditions. We adapted a clinical comorbidity index, designed for use with medical records, for research relying on International Classi...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(92)90133-8
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine eligibility for a (randomized) clinical trial, measuring the inclusion and exclusion criteria can be extended over a period of time. During this period, known as the selection period, a patient is repeatedly examined at certain time intervals. This study describes an approach for optimizing the efficiency...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(97)00069-3
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three acute coronary care surveys (1986, 1990, and 1993) were conducted in the Swiss region of Vaud-Fribourg on all men aged 25 to 64 years hospitalized for a definite myocardial infarction (218, 224, and 167 cases). Nearly all patients received anticoagulants and nitrates. The proportion of patients treated increased...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00049-3
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to assess if there is evidence of publication bias in prognostic accuracy studies of middle cerebral artery (MCA) or cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) for adverse perinatal outcome. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We queried PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov an...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.07.016
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whether or not to treat patients with non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation with anticoagulants to prevent embolic stroke is a dilemma for physicians. If randomized trials, currently underway, demonstrate a beneficial effect, the dilemma will not be solved because not all of the relevant factors can be addressed by trials...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(91)90219-y
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present paper analyses the epidemiologic effects of mass breast cancer screening. Mass mammography may possibly achieve a breast cancer mortality reduction in relative risk terms. However, this does not necessarily represent a net benefit. It is argued that the benefits and adverse effects of a screening programme...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(90)90002-7
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this paper was to evaluate the combined effect of alcohol, smoking habits and frequency of consumption of selected dietary items, which are the major sources of retinoids and beta-carotene in the Italian diet, on the risk of esophageal cancer (EC). The adequacy of the multiplicative structure for describing...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(92)90035-l
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessment of changes in endemic infections in health care facilities are often based on comparison of infection rates over time. This study compared two methods for calculating and depicting infection data at a hospital-based nursing home care unit. Prospective incidence surveillance of nursing home acquired infectio...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(88)90162-x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess if predefined variables in study design, instrument type, and patient characteristics account for variance in reported retest reliability for the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Roland-Morris Questionnaire (RMQ). A second aim was a more precise estimate of instrument reliability. STUDY DESIGN A...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2012.06.024
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coronary heart disease (CHD) is an imprecise, inappropriate monitor of atherosclerosis severity and by inapplicable extrapolation CHD risk factors are incorrectly assumed to be causes of atherosclerosis. Taking into account (1) the misuse and substantial diagnostic error of CHD, (2) errors in determining the prevalenc...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(90)90231-d
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:This study describes the conceptual foundation and psychometric properties of the Burden of Stroke Scale (BOSS), a patient-reported health status assessment designed to quantify the physical, cognitive, and psychological burden of stroke. METHODS:Qualitative research methods were used to devel...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2003.11.016
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer therapy is often followed by a decline in upper-body function. Women (303) diagnosed with stage I or II breast cancer were interviewed 5 and 21 months after surgery and their medical records were reviewed. Women with cardiopulmonary comorbidity had an odds ratio for decline at the 5-month interview of 2....
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(99)00176-6
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the mechanisms of action in two successful geriatric clinical trials that tested multicomponent physical conditioning programs and to determine whether the pathways for overall benefit were through improvement in physical ability and/or self-confidence. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:PREHAB and DRIVER ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.04.009
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Surrogate markers are often used in clinical trials if too much time or expense is involved to observe the effect of treatment on patient-important outcomes. We wished to estimate the ultimate effects of treatment when randomized trials have addressed only a surrogate marker, and additional, independent studi...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2012.02.012
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was introduced to Western Australia in 1991 and has become the method of choice for this procedure, although there are concerns about complications, particularly bile duct injuries. Previous studies have investigated this problem but have not confirmed the accuracy of coded information. We...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(99)00043-8
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper focuses on the appropriateness of outcome measures to evaluate trauma care. The preventable death rate (PDR), based on the study of deceased patients only, has been the traditional measure of the impact of trauma care on improving the survival of patients with severe trauma. Another measure frequently used ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(90)90125-9
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate how the rank probabilities obtained from network meta-analysis (NMA) change with the use of increasingly stringent criteria for the relative effect comparing two treatments which ranks one treatment better than the other. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Systematic survey and reanalysis of published dat...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.02.008
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinimetrics and psychometrics, two accepted methods for developing multiitem health measurement scales, have fundamentally different aims and methods that have seldom been compared and never prospectively. The purpose of this study was to determine whether these two methodologies provided comparable scales in the dev...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00148-6
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The objective of the study was to identify factors affecting the use of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement, specifically authors' attitudes toward and experiences with it. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:An online survey was distributed to authors of observa...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.07.019
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To present estimates of clinically meaningful or minimal important changes for the Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) after joint replacement surgery. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Secondary data analysis of the NHS patient-reported outcome measures data set that included 82,415 patients list...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.08.009
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess whether the reported trial characteristics are associated with treatment effects on all-cause mortality within critical care medicine. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We identified all eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from Cochrane Reviews on patients with sepsis, septic shock, and cardiogeni...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.05.016
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is used to estimate current cognitive status and as a screen for possible dementia. Missing item-level data are commonly reported. Attention to missing data is particularly important. However, there are concerns that common procedures for dealing with missing data, for...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.10.011
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results from pragmatic trials should reflect the comparative treatment effects encountered in patients in real-life clinical practice to guide treatment decisions. Therefore, pragmatic trials should focus on outcomes that are relevant to patients, clinical practice, and treatment choices. This sixth article in the ser...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.12.022
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to assess the determinants and the effect of misclassification in a questionnaire survey of varicose veins. A random sample of 166 individuals aged 50 years in a larger prevalence study (n = 6874) was examined by a surgeon to validate the self-reporting of varicose veins. Varicose veins...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(95)00012-s
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To have the "power" of avoiding undersized clinical trials, the customary statistical strategy used in the past few decades is aimed at rejecting both a null stochastic hypothesis and a contradictory alternative hypothesis. This approach gives a trial the "power" to confirm the "insignificance" of differences much sma...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00029-8
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the consistency of an index of the scientific quality of research overviews. DESIGN:Agreement was measured among nine judges, each of whom assessed the scientific quality of 36 published review articles. ITEM SELECTION: An iterative process was used to select ten criteria relative to five key tasks...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(91)90205-n
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The use of then-test (retrospective pre-test) scores has frequently been proposed as a solution to potential confounding of change scores because of response shift, as it is assumed that then-test and post-test responses are provided from the same perspective. However, this assumption has not been formally te...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.01.021
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the relationship between age at natural menopause and total mortality as well as mortality from ischemic heart disease in a cohort of 6182 California Seventh-Day Adventist women who reported a natural menopause. During follow-up from 1976 through 1988, there were 1831 deaths. A total of 308 deaths due to is...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00170-x
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In this study, we assessed the validity of maternally self-reported history of preeclampsia. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:This study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study. Data were obtained from prenatal questionnaires and one questionnaire obtained 2 months postpar...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.10.010
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00