Detection of bacterial vaginosis, Trichomonas vaginalis infection, and vaginal Candida infection: a comparative study of methods of extracting exudates, with and without a speculum, during pregnancy.

Abstract:

PURPOSE:To compare the collection of vaginal exudates with and without the use of a speculum to diagnose vaginal infections. MATERIAL AND METHODS:We examined 45 patients with vaginal discharge. Two vaginal swabs were taken, one with and the other without a speculum. Both were examined by wet mount microscopy to detect bacterial vaginosis (BV), Trichomonas vaginalis, and the presence of blastospores with or without pseudomycelium. RESULTS:A total of 90.9% of patients whose vaginal exudates were negative for BV when extracted with a speculum were also negative in the swab taken without a speculum. In the case of BV-positive exudates using a speculum, the correspondence was 90.5% with the swabs taken without a speculum. Among those exudates obtained with a speculum that were negative for Candida, 92.6% of those obtained without a speculum tested negative. In patients with pseudomycelium, when a speculum was used, 100% also presented a diagnosis of pseudomycelium from the swabs taken without a speculum. A concordance test between the techniques involving the use or nonuse of a speculum was performed for each of the diagnoses showed a good agreement according to the observed Kappa statistics (0.8467 and 0.8396 for BV and Candida, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:A very good agreement between the results obtained with and without the use of a speculum was observed. Swabbing without the use of a speculum is especially convenient for pregnant women who require frequent testing for these types of infections during their pregnancies.

journal_name

J Low Genit Tract Dis

authors

Audisio T,Penacino M,Cannistraci R,Bertolotto P

doi

10.1097/01.lgt.0000179859.29456.ba

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2005-10-01 00:00:00

pages

213-5

issue

4

eissn

1089-2591

issn

1526-0976

pii

00128360-200510000-00003

journal_volume

9

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Conservative treatment of microinvasive adenocarcinoma of uterine cervix: long-term follow-up.

    abstract:UNLABELLED:OBIECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the safety of conservative treatment in women desiring preservation of fertility with stage IA adenocarcinoma of the cervix. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Clinical report of all women with stage IA adenocarcinoma of the cervix, endocervical subtype, with clear margins on cone...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e3182446b3a

    authors: Sopracordevole F,Canzonieri V,Giorda G,De Piero G,Lucia E,Campagnutta E

    更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00

  • Mesenchymal lesions of the vulva.

    abstract::Mesenchymal lesions of the vulva may be either regionally specific to the vulva or soft tissue neoplasms that can occur in multiple locations on the body. They may have overlapping histological and immunohistochemical features and, in routine practice, are not likely to be encountered, adding to the diagnostic difficu...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e3181f6f2d0

    authors: Fitzhugh VA,Heller DS

    更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00

  • History of Abuse in Women With Vulvar Pruritus, Vulvodynia, and Asymptomatic Controls.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Chronic vulvar pruritus and vulvodynia are common vulvar diseases. The aim of this study was to compare gynecologic and sexual and physical abuse histories from patients with these diagnoses and from healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Questionnaires were self-completed by patients diagnosed with vulvar ...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000075

    authors: Cohen-Sacher B,Haefner HK,Dalton VK,Berger MB

    更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00

  • Post-Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Testing as a Test of Cure: The British Columbia Experience.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine whether Hybrid Capture 2 High-Risk HPV DNA Test (HC2) can be used as a test of cure in women treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN 2+) and allow discharge from colposcopy follow-up with a return to a cytology-based screening program for HC2-negative women. MATERIA...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000349

    authors: Ceballos KM,Lee M,Cook DA,Smith LW,Gondara L,Krajden M,van Niekerk DJ,Coldman AJ

    更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00

  • Treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia levels 2 and 3 with adapalene, a retinoid-related molecule.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined dose scheduling, safety, and efficacy of adapalene in the treatment of CIN2 and CIN3. METHODS:Patients were instructed on insertion and removal of an adapalene delivery system. Treatment regimens of 4, 8, and 14 days were utilized. Biopsies were performed on day 90 to assess efficacy. Sa...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1046/j.1526-0976.2001.51007.x

    authors: DiSilvestro PA,DiSilvestro JM,Lernhardt W,Pfahl M,Mannel RS

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Measurement of endocervical canal extension of the transformation zone on fresh hysterectomy specimens.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Determine the extent of endocervical canal extension of the transformation zone on fresh hysterectomy specimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS:After removal for standard gynecologic indications, 201 uteri were evaluated in the pathology accessioning area of a community hospital before formalin fixation. Uteri were o...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00128360-200310000-00005

    authors: Parker MF,O'Connor DM

    更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00

  • The absence of human papillomavirus in amniotic fluid.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:The objective of this multicenter trial was to determine the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the amniotic fluid of pregnant patients. METHODS:Fifty-three pregnant patients undergoing genetic counseling or amniocentesis for preterm labor were entered into the study. Cervical swabs and amniotic flu...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00128360-199807000-00008

    authors: Maxwell GL,Carlson J,Zakarean M,Veit B,Hoshaw N

    更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00

  • Cervical Screening Practices and Outcomes for Young Women in Response to Changed Guidelines in Calgary, Canada, 2007-2016.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to describe temporal trends in screening and outcomes for women, after changes in guidelines in Alberta, Canada, that raised starting age to 21 years, then to 25 years of age, and reduced frequency to 3 yearly. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Calgary Laboratory Information System data were use...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000574

    authors: Sayed SA,Naugler C,Chen G,Dickinson JA

    更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00

  • Human Papillomavirus Co-Testing Results Effectively Triage Normal Cervical Cytology in HIV-Positive Women Aged 30 Years and Older.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to assess whether HIV-positive (HIV+) women aged 30 years and older with concurrent normal cervical cytology and undetectable cervical HPV have a low 3-year risk of developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher (CIN 2+) in a clinical setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS:W...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000304

    authors: Alade RO,Vragovic O,Duffy C,Cabral HJ,Stier EA

    更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00

  • ASCCP Colposcopy Standards: Role of Colposcopy, Benefits, Potential Harms, and Terminology for Colposcopic Practice.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:The American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology Colposcopy Standards address the role of and approach to colposcopy and biopsy for cervical cancer prevention in the United States. Working Group 1 was tasked with defining the role of colposcopy, describing benefits and potential harms, and developi...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000338

    authors: Khan MJ,Werner CL,Darragh TM,Guido RS,Mathews C,Moscicki AB,Mitchell MM,Schiffman M,Wentzensen N,Massad LS,Mayeaux EJ Jr,Waxman AG,Conageski C,Einstein MH,Huh WK

    更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00

  • Vaginal Stenosis After Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Therapy During Treatment for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

    abstract::A 26-year-old patient with a history of chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented with secondary amenorrhea and cyclic abdominal pain, and she was found to have vaginal stenosis due to adhesion of vaginal wall. The cause of the adhesion was considered to be vaginal inflammation induced by anticancer agen...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000175

    authors: Sato M,Harada M,Oishi H,Wada-Hiraike O,Hirata T,Nagasaka K,Koga K,Fujii T,Osuga Y

    更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00

  • Preparing digitized cervigrams for colposcopy research and education: determination of optimal resolution and compression parameters.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Visual assessment of digitized cervigrams through the Internet needs to be optimized. The National Cancer Institute and National Library of Medicine are involved in a large effort to improve colposcopic assessment and, in preparation, are conducting methodologic research. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We selected 50...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/01.lgt.0000192696.93172.ae

    authors: Jeronimo J,Long R,Neve L,Ferris D,Noller K,Spitzer M,Mitra S,Guo J,Nutter B,Castle P,Herrero R,Rodriguez AC,Schiffman M

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • The accuracy of the Papanicolaou smear in the screening and diagnostic settings.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:We evaluated the performance of the Papanicolaou smear in screening and diagnostic settings. STUDY DESIGN:We analyzed Papanicolaou smear results of 1,850 women recruited into a clinical trial to evaluate an emerging technology for the detection of cervical cancer. Screening and diagnosis groups were based on...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e31816b44bc

    authors: Cárdenas-Turanzas M,Follen M,Nogueras-Gonzalez GM,Benedet JL,Beck JR,Cantor SB

    更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00

  • Use of Smartphones as Adjuvant Tools for Cervical Cancer Screening in Low-Resource Settings.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:Our aim was to evaluate the feasibility and performance of smartphone digital images for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) as an adjunct to a conventional visual inspection approach with acetic acid (VIA) and Lugol's iodine (VILI), in comparison with detection by...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000136

    authors: Ricard-Gauthier D,Wisniak A,Catarino R,van Rossum AF,Meyer-Hamme U,Negulescu R,Scaringella S,Jinoro J,Vassilakos P,Petignat P

    更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00

  • Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a synopsis of recent developments.

    abstract::This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of preneoplastic squamous lesions of the vulva, from a pathologist's perspective. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is the preferred nomenclature for these lesions. VIN lesions may or may not be symptomatic and have a variable clinical appearance. Three ...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00128360-199801000-00007

    authors: Colgan TJ

    更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00

  • Cervical carcinoma demonstrating tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia: a clinicopathological study of 17 patients.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:Our objective in this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological significance of tissue eosinophilia associated with invasive cervical carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS:All cases of cervical carcinoma treated at the Medical College of Georgia between October 1982 and October 1989 were reviewed. We obtain...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1046/j.1526-0976.1999.34006.x

    authors: Merlin M,Hanly MG

    更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00

  • Risk factors for progression or persistence of squamous intraepithelial lesions diagnosed during pregnancy.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to assess the risk of progression/persistence of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) during pregnancy according to the age of the woman, the grade of the lesion, the type of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and the mode of delivery. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Eighty pregnant women with a...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e31822e83cf

    authors: Cubo-Abert M,Centeno-Mediavilla C,Franco-Zabala P,Merced-Vázquez C,Castellví J,García A,Gil-Moreno A,Xercavins J

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Response With Checkpoint Inhibitors in Malignant Melanoma of the Vulva and Vagina.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aims of the study were to assess the clinical and histopathological characteristics of a comprehensive cohort of women with vulvovaginal melanoma (VVM) treated at our institution and to study the treatment response of checkpoint inhibitors in this patient cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This is a retrospe...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000583

    authors: Wohlmuth C,Wohlmuth-Wieser I,Laframboise S

    更新日期:2020-11-24 00:00:00

  • Massive localized lymphedema of the vulva: report of a case and review of the literature.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Massive localized lymphedema (MLL) is a recently described entity associated with obesity, most often on the thighs. It rarely occurs on the vulva, and it may pose diagnostic difficulty for both clinician and pathologist in this setting. CASE:An obese 55-year-old woman underwent excision of bilateral polypo...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e31829cf432

    authors: Heller DS,Fitzhugh VA,Cracchiolo B,Barrett T Jr,Suidan RS

    更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00

  • Cervical cancer in pregnancy: 3 cases, 3 different approaches.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies in pregnancy and one percent of women diagnosed with cervical cancer are pregnant or postpartum at the time of the diagnosis. We discuss how pregnancy will affect the management of cancer, and cancer will affect the management of the pregnancy. MATERIAL ...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e31824d6fb8

    authors: Ribeiro F,Correia L,Paula T,Santana I,Vieira Pinto L,Borrego J,Jorge AF

    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • Chronic granulomatous inflammation of the vulva: an unusual presentation with diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties.

    abstract::Inflammation of the vulva can present as a manifestation of a localized problem or as part of a systemic disorder. Granulomatous vulvitis is a rare inflammatory condition that has histologic similarities to Crohn disease. Clinically, it presents with painless, chronic relapsing erythema, and edema, typically affecting...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e318216aaac

    authors: Ghosh D,Woodrow S,Mathew J,Lopes A,Das N

    更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00

  • Home study course: summer 2005.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:The Home Study Course is intended for the practicing colposcopist or practitioner who is seeking to develop or enhance his or her colposcopic skills. The goal of the course is to present colposcopic cases that are unusual or instructive in terms of appearance, presentation, or management, or that demonstrate ...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/01.lgt.0000171660.77437.f2

    authors: Berry JM,Darragh TM

    更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00

  • Vulvovaginal candidiasis in postmenopausal women: the role of hormone replacement therapy.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:: This study aimed to explore the role of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in susceptibility to vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in a private vulval disease referral practice. METHODS:: Between January 2009 and December 2010, 149 healthy, nondiabetic patients with vulvar conditions were compared for significa...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e3182241f1a

    authors: Fischer G,Bradford J

    更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00

  • A rare case of ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome in small cell carcinoma of the vagina: a case report.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) syndrome (EAS) to increase awareness of this condition when treating patients with gynecological small cell carcinoma (SmCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS:This is a review of a 61-year-old woman with primary vaginal SmCC and an atypical presentation of Cushing ...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e31815cda1e

    authors: Weberpals J,Djordjevic B,Khalifa M,Oza A

    更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00

  • Atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance: implications for management in a dysplasia clinic.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:The natural evolution of atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS) within a dysplasia clinic population has not yet been studied. The purpose of this study was to determine the outcome of cervico-vaginal smears with the diagnosis of AGUS from dysplasia clinic patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00128360-199810000-00001

    authors: Parai JL,Yazdi HM,Faught JW

    更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00

  • Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia mimicking vulvar cancer in a patient with AIDS.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) clinically and histologically mimics squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), specifically in patients with HIV and AIDS. CASE:A 51-year-old G3P2 with AIDS and history of vulvar cancer presented with large bilateral exophytic lesions on the vulva, grossly appearing neoplastic. ...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e3181f0b8f5

    authors: Frimer M,Chudnoff S,Hebert T,Shahabi S

    更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00

  • Giant condyloma versus verrucous carcinoma: a case report.

    abstract::Giant condyloma acuminatum is a large, slow-growing, exophytic, cauliflower-like tumor of the external genitalia. It is a histologically benign lesion, largely associated with human papillomavirus infection but with a high recurrence rate. The main differential diagnosis includes verrucous carcinoma. Differentiation b...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e3181c945ed

    authors: Bambao C,Nofech-Mozes S,Shier M

    更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00

  • Cost-effectiveness of adding human papilloma virus testing to a managed care cervical cancer screening program.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a methodology for auditing the impact of HCII testing on the direct cost of cervical cancer cytological screening, where the test is collected in all women screened and processed routinely in women age 30 years and older. MATERIALS AND METHODS:After a policy chang...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e318057f319

    authors: Lonky NM,Hunter MI,Sadeghi M,Edwards G,Bajamundi K,Monk BJ

    更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00

  • Performance of the Affirm VP-III using residual vaginal discharge collected from the speculum to characterize vaginitis in symptomatic women.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the ability of collecting the Affirm VP-III test sample using the residual vaginal discharge found on the speculum. METHODS AND METHODS:One hundred nine symptomatic women (≥18 y) participated in this study. During pelvic examination, vaginal fluid was collected onto 3 swabs for office-based diagn...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0000000000000025

    authors: Mulhem E,Boyanton BL Jr,Robinson-Dunn B,Ebert C,Dzebo R

    更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00

  • Digital assessment of the reproductive tract versus colposcopy for directing biopsies in women with abnormal Pap smears.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to compare digital camera assessment of the reproductive tract (DART) to colposcopy for the evaluation of abnormal Pap smears. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Participants included 207 women with abnormal Pap smears. Colposcopy and DART were performed on each patient by separate examiners with the goa...

    journal_title:Journal of lower genital tract disease

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e3181a02058

    authors: Cremer ML,Peralta EI,Dheming SG,Jimenez ME,Davis-Dao CA,Alonzo TA,Blumenthal PD,Felix JC

    更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00