Abstract：
:Automated metabolic gas analysis systems have advanced considerably over the past decade. They provide an abundance of information, which is not possible by using the traditional Douglas bag method and have become an essential tool in both physiological monitoring and in the diagnosis of cardiopulmonary disease. The validity and reliability of the different online metabolic analyzer systems are not well known, with relatively few independent studies being published. The purpose of this review was to examine and evaluate current literature regarding the validity and reliability of commercially available metabolic analyzer systems. This review reveals significant differences between the available systems in the way that they capture and process basic respiratory measurements. Online metabolic analyzer systems were found to vary significantly when compared with Douglas bag methods. These variations have the potential to introduce error into the accuracy with which the health of cardiovascular system can be assessed or training loads can be assigned. Compounding this is the fact that many automated systems are a "black box", which makes it easy to generate data without the user having much understanding of how the data were generated. In conclusion automated metabolic analyser systems are a scientifically robust method for the evaluation of cardiopulmonary function. Individual researchers and clinicians must, however, be able to make their own decisions about the level of error that is tolerable for their individual needs. This presents a significant practical challenge in light of the speed with which technical developments in the field occur and we make some suggestions for the formulation of intersystem comparison studies.
journal_name
Scand J Med Sci Sportsjournal_title
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sportsauthors
Hodges LD,Brodie DA,Bromley PDdoi
10.1111/j.1600-0838.2005.00477.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-10-01 00:00:00pages
271-9issue
5eissn
0905-7188issn
1600-0838pii
SMS477journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between hamstring flexibility and knee flexion angle-torque relationship. Hamstring flexibility was assessed in 20 subjects (10 men, 10 women) using the straight leg raise (SLR) and active knee extension (AKE) tests. Isometric knee flexion strength was measured...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00792.x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Acute Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) is a frequently disabling injury, which exhibits unclear variability in long-term functional and patient-reported outcomes. Biomarkers from early healing, which have been shown to be prognostic of long-term outcome would facilitate the development of improved treatment met...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13469
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2007.00756.x
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the effects of a 12-week program of Nordic hamstring exercises (NHE), administered before or after football training, upon eccentric hamstring strength, muscle activity, and architectural adaptations. Amateur soccer players were randomized into three groups. The control group (CON; n=11) undertook core sta...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/sms.12925
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1034/j.1600-0838.2001.110503.x
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in the general population; the pathology associated with a knee sprain verified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); and the agreement between clinical findings and MRI. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Inclusion criterion was an acute rotational t...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00559.x
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13506
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is still underdiagnosed yet it may significantly interfere with lifestyle, especially among young sportspeople, with symptoms like intermittent claudication. Although case reports and small case series are sometimes published, studies with larger populations are quite rare. ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12918
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13624
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2007.00641.x
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Real-time biofeedback gait retraining has been reported to be an effective intervention to lower the impact loading during gait. While many of the previous gait retraining studies have utilized a laboratory-based setup, some studies used accelerometers affixed at the distal tibia to allow training outside the laborato...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13396
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01187.x
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore associations between self-reported leisure activities and low back pain (LBP). The material included all adolescents in eighth and ninth grade in two geographical areas in the school year 1996-1997. Eighty-eight adolescents participated (mean age 14.7 years), making...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2004.377.x
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1034/j.1600-0838.2001.011002115.x
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13247
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00850.x
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study focused on identifying the most important factors determining performance in elite-level air rifle shooting technique. Forty international- and national-level shooters completed a simulated air rifle shooting competition series. From a total of 13 795 shots in 319 tests, shooting score and 17 aiming point t...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12440
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared normalized trapezius muscle activity and intramuscular balance ratios between overhead athletes with impingement symptoms and non-injured athletes during isokinetic abduction and external rotation movements. Thirty-nine overhead athletes with chronic impingement symptoms and 30 non-injured athletes partici...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00570.x
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00830.x
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2005.00442.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1034/j.1600-0838.2003.00294.x
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1034/j.1600-0838.2000.010006332.x
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12170
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12224
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined whether maturity, anthropometric profiles and fitness measures vary according to birth date distribution in elite, under-14 youth academy soccer players. The selection year was divided into four quarters, with 160 male players grouped according to individual birth date. Players had their skeletal age deter...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00867.x
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We recently reported that wearing unstable rocker shoes (Masai Barefoot Technology: MBT) may enhance recovery from marathon race-induced fatigue. However, this earlier study only utilized a questionnaire. In this study, we evaluated MBT utilizing objective physiological measures of recovery from marathon-induced muscl...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12911
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this review was to update the relationship between physical activity (PA) and health-related quality of life (HRQL). A systematical search was performed in MEDLINE and PsychINFO between 2000 and 2007, for HRQL- and PA-related keywords in titles, abstracts, or indexing fields. From over 600 retrieved r...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,收录出版,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.00939.x
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study examined the relationships between shooting accuracy and shooters' behavioral performance, i.e., postural balance and gun barrel stability, among novice rifle shooters in intra- and inter-individual levels. Postural balance and rifle stability were assessed in terms of anteroposterior (VEL(AP)) and m...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00549.x
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Repetition of jumps in dance and sport training poses a potential injury risk; however, non-contact landing injuries are more common in athletes than dancers. This study aimed to compare the lower limb stiffness characteristics of dancers and athletes during drop landings to investigate possible mechanisms of impact-r...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13309
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Achilles tendinopathy is a highly prevalent sports injury. Animal studies show a growth response in tendons in response to loading in the immature phase but not after puberty maturation. The aim of this investigation was to examine the structural and material properties in long distance runners who were either physica...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12143
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
