Abstract:
:Clinically inapparent adrenal masses, or adrenal incidentalomas, are discovered inadvertently in the course of workup or treatment of unrelated disorders. Cortical adenoma is the most frequent type of adrenal incidentaloma accounting for approximately 50% of cases in surgical series and even greater shares in medical series. Incidentally discovered adrenal adenomas may secrete cortisol in an autonomous manner, that is not fully restrained by pituitary feed-back, in 5 to 20% of cases depending on study protocols and diagnostic criteria. A number of different alterations in the endocrine tests aimed to assess the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis has been demonstrated in such patients. This heterogeneous condition has been termed as subclinical Cushing's syndrome, a definition that is more accurate than preclinical Cushing's syndrome since the evolution towards clinically overt hypercortisolism does occur rarely, if ever. The criteria for qualifying subclinical cortisol excess are controversial and we presently do not have sufficient evidence to define a gold standard for the diagnosis of subclinical Cushing's syndrome. An increased frequency of hypertension, central obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes and hyperlipoproteinemia has been described in patients with subclinical Cushing's syndrome; however, there is not evidence-based demonstration of its long-term complications and, consequently, the management of this condition is largely empirical. Either adrenalectomy or careful observation associated with treatment of metabolic syndrome has been suggested as treatment options because data are insufficient to indicate the superiority of a surgical or nonsurgical approach to manage patients with subclinical hyperfunctioning adrenal cortical adenomas.
journal_name
Pituitaryjournal_title
Pituitaryauthors
Terzolo M,Reimondo G,Bovio S,Angeli Adoi
10.1007/s11102-005-4024-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-01 00:00:00pages
217-23issue
4eissn
1386-341Xissn
1573-7403journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
Pituitary文献大全abstract::A diabetic acromegalic man, not cured after surgery and radiosurgery, received lanreotide i.m. with great clinical and biochemical improvement. He required NPH insulin (76 to 84 units/day) to control his diabetes mellitus. Thirty-six hours after changing to LAR-octreotide (20 mg i.m/month) he presented symptomatic hyp...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1020710800842
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diagnosis of disorders of growth hormone (GH) is dependent upon accurate measurement of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations since serum IGF-I assays have been found to be useful as a screening tests for the presence of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in children and in both children and adults they...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11102-007-0032-z
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Severe fluctuations in plasma sodium concentration and plasma osmolarity, including central diabetes insipidus (CDI), may have significant influence on postoperative morbidity and mortality after pediatric brain tumor surgery.The aim of this study was to describe the frequency, severity and neurological consequ...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-018-0886-2
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study is to verify whether acute pre-treatment with alprazolam (ALP), a benzodiazepine that inhibits HPA secretion in normal subjects, could better characterize patients with subclinical Cushing's syndrome (SCS) than the 1-mg dexamethasone test (DST). In 22 patients with SCS, 10 with overt Cushing'...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-012-0433-5
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Recent guidelines suggest that a single prolactin measurement is adequate to confirm hyperprolactinaemia. This may lead to unnecessary investigation of artefactual hyperprolactinaemia. Prolactin measurement drawn from an indwelling cannula after rest removes stress as a confounding variable. The objective was t...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-014-0576-7
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Survival rates among childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) have significantly risen in the last 40 years due to substantial improvements in treatment protocols. However, this improvement has brought with it serious late effects that frequently involve the endocrine system. Of the endocrine disorders, GH deficien...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11102-020-01052-0
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adequate ADH secretion, adrenal and thyroid functions are vital during the acute and post-acute phases of TBI. Deficiencies of these functions as a result of TBI are increasingly recognized. During the acute phase of TBI the incidence of severe DI is 2.9%; the incidence of less severe forms of DI is 21.6-26%. The deve...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11102-006-6049-x
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolic consequences of thyroxine replacement in patients with central hypothyroidism (CH) need to be evaluated. The aim was to examine the outcome of thyroxine replacement in CH. Adult hypopituitary patients (n = 1595) with and without CH from KIMS (Pfizer International Metabolic Database) were studied before a...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-011-0356-6
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Autoimmune lymphocytic hypophysitis associates predominantly with other autoimmune endocrinopathies and is most commonly treated with glucocorticoids and/or decompressive pituitary surgery. Here we report a new association and treatment modality for lymphocytic hypophysitis. METHODS:A 52-year-old woman pr...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-014-0592-7
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The management of invasive giant prolactinomas (IGP) has been an area of some controversy. The relative roles of transsphenoidal surgery, craniotomy, radiation therapy and dopamine agonist based medical therapy are gradually becoming clarified. We report the results of management of 30 patients with IGP. Surgery was t...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-005-5087-0
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a rare disease characterized by a collection of signs and symptoms, also common in the general population without elevated cortisol secretion. During the last years more patients with CS are identified earlier and with milder disease. Many of these patients are diagnosed during s...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11102-015-0634-9
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adipsic diabetes insipidus (ADI) is a rare condition in which thirst, an essential clinical feature for the prevention of hypernatraemic dehydration, is absent. We report the first case of adipsic diabetes insipidus to occur following surgery for a pituitary macroprolactinoma, with loss of both osmoregulated and baror...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-006-8280-x
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ideal surgical treatment of craniopharyngiomas remains a major challenge for neurosurgeons. Craniopharyngiomas grow in the deep-seated hypothalamic area that is paramount for vegetative, emotional and endocrine function, and for maintaining worthwhile life. The benign histological nature of craniopharyngiomas belies t...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11102-008-0137-z
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-functioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumors do not cause endocrine symptoms related to hypersecretion of adenohypophyseal hormones and are clinically characterized by symptoms due to growing sellar tumor mass. Histopathological classification of this tumor group has always been challenging due to their heterogenei...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11102-017-0855-1
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Doses of growth hormone in adults with growth hormone deficiency are now lower than previously. However, it is not clear they are as effective as higher doses. The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess efficacy of low to moderate dose (LD) GH replacement on standard endpoints of GH compared to higher do...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1007/s11102-014-0571-z
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this case report we describe a 38 year-old-female with galactorrhea several months after the birth of an anencephalic child. She had hyperpolactemia and imaging of the pituitary gland revealed a midline defect and a nasopharyngeal mass compatible with a meningo-(hypophyso-) encephalocele and possibly an ectopic ter...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-011-0320-5
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-functioning pituitary carcinomas (NFPC) are defined as tumours of adenophyseal origin with craniospinal or systemic dissemination, with the absence of a hormonal hypersecretion syndrome. These are a histologically heterogenous group of tumours, comprising gonadotroph, null cell, "silent" tumours of corticotroph, s...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11102-017-0857-z
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a case of hepatolithiasis (intrahepatic stone) complicated by gram-negative sepsis in a 37 year old male with acromegaly being treated with octreotide. As a child, he had suffered a traumatic injury to his liver requiring the surgical repair of a laceration. This is the first reported case of hepatolithiasis...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1012880113759
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the results of long-term (6-year) treatment of Nelson's syndrome with the long-acting dopamine agonist, cabergoline, in a 55-year-old woman. The disease presented 26 years after bilateral adrenalectomy and radiation treatment for Cushing's disease, followed by glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid replacement...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-006-9290-4
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The SAGIT® instrument, designed to assist clinicians to stage acromegaly, assess treatment response and adapt patient management, was well received by endocrinologists in a pilot study. We report an interim analysis of baseline data from the validation phase. METHODS:The SAGIT® validation study (ClinicalTrials...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-019-00977-5
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Tatton-Brown-Rahman syndrome (TBRS) is a newly defined genetic entity characterized by overgrowth and intellectual disability, resulting from germline mutations in the gene encoding DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A). Affected individuals with benign and malignant tumors have been reported; to our knowledge...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-019-01019-w
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HSRT) for refractory Cushing's disease may offer a condensed treatment schedule for patients with large tumors abutting the optic chiasm unsuitable for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). To-date only four patients have been treated by HSRT in the published literature. W...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-019-00992-6
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pituitary radiotherapy (RT) is an effective second-line treatment for paediatric Cushing's disease (CD). We report long-term efficacy and anterior pituitary function in a cohort of paediatric CD patients treated with RT. Between 1988 and 2008, from our cohort of 48 paediatric CD patients, eight paediatric CD patients ...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-010-0231-x
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is estimated that up to one in five individuals develops pituitary gland tumors, despite the common occurrence of these tumors, the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying their development mainly remain unknown. We studied the gene expression in null cell adenomas compared with normal pituitary by expressed sequence ta...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-007-0008-z
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In western countries, the process of "ageing of the population" is increasingly forcing clinical medicine to find answers for pathologies affecting the elder segments of our community. In this respect, pituitary adenomas often raise difficult questions on surgical indications, since little is known about postoperative...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-012-0390-z
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the case of a 60 year old male who complained of headache and blurry vision--that progressed to left ophthalmoplegia and ptosis--after receiving a dose of leuprolide for Prostate cancer therapy. Imaging showed a hemorrhagic sellar mass. The patient underwent transsphenoidal debulking, and the tissue obtained...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11102-009-0202-2
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty years after the first description of combined hypopituitarism (CPHD) caused by PROP1 mutations, the phenotype of affected subjects is still challenging for clinicians. These patients suffer from pituitary hormone deficits ranging from IGHD to panhypopituitarism. ACTH deficiency usually develops later in life. P...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11102-020-01049-9
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important public health problem with an increasing incidence in the last years. Relatively few cases are fatal; most individuals will survive and, in the long-term, the sequalae of TBI will include neuroendocrine dysfunctions with a much higher frequency than previously suspected. Pa...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11102-019-00956-w
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the case of a B-cell type pituitary lymphoma in a 65 year-old male immunocompetent patient who presented with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and central hypothyroidism and subsequently developed pulmonary lymphoma. Only three cases of pituitary lymphoma have been previously reported, one in a patient with acq...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1009969417380
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pituitary is the master endocrine gland of the body. It undergoes many changes after birth, and these changes may be mediated by the differentiation of pituitary stem cells. Stem cells in any tissue source must display (1) pluripotent capacity, (2) capacity for indefinite self-renewal, and (3) a lack of specializa...
journal_title:Pituitary
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11102-013-0470-8
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00