Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Anaesthetics blunt neuronal responses to noxious stimulation, including effects on electroencephalographic (EEG) responses. It is unclear how anaesthetics differ in their ability to modulate noxious stimulation-evoked EEG activation. We investigated the actions of propofol and halothane on EEG responses to noxious stimuli, including repetitive electrical C-fibre stimulation, which normally evokes neuronal wind-up. METHODS:Rats were anaesthetized with halothane (n=8) or propofol (n=8), at 0.8x or 1.2x the amount required to produce immobility in response to tail clamping [minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) for halothane and median effective dose (ED(50)) for propofol]. We recorded EEG responses to repetitive electrical stimulus trains (delivered to the tail at 0.1, 1 and 3 Hz) as well as supramaximal noxious tail stimulation (clamp; 50 Hz electrical stimulus, each for 30 s). RESULTS:Under halothane anaesthesia, noxious stimuli evoked an EEG activation response manifested by increased spectral edge frequency (SEF) and median edge frequency (MEF). At 0.8 MAC halothane, the tail clamp increased the MEF from approximately 6 to approximately 8.5 Hz, and the SEF from approximately 25.5 to approximately 27 Hz. At both 0.8 and 1.2 MAC halothane, similar patterns of EEG activation were observed with the 1 Hz, 3 Hz and tetanic stimulus trains, but not with 0.1 Hz stimulation, which does not evoke wind-up. Under propofol anaesthesia, noxious stimuli were generally ineffective in causing EEG activation. At 0.8 ED(50) propofol, only the tail clamp and 1 Hz stimuli increased MEF ( approximately 8 to approximately 10-10.5 Hz). At the higher propofol infusion rate (1.2 ED(50)) the repetitive electrical stimuli did not evoke an EEG response, but the tetanic stimulus and the tail clamp paradoxically decreased SEF (from approximately 23 to approximately 21.5 Hz). CONCLUSIONS:Propofol has a more significant blunting effect on EEG responses to noxious stimulation compared with halothane.
journal_name
Br J Anaesthjournal_title
British journal of anaesthesiaauthors
Orth M,Barter L,Dominguez C,Atherley R,Carstens E,Antognini JFdoi
10.1093/bja/aei208subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-10-01 00:00:00pages
477-84issue
4eissn
0007-0912issn
1471-6771pii
S0007-0912(17)34963-2journal_volume
95pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The study was performed to determine the ED50 and ED95 of a continuous infusion of the emulsion formulation of propofol during 67% nitrous oxide anaesthesia in 57 patients premedicated with morphine sulphate 0.15 mg kg-1. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg kg-1, and maintained before incision with a fixed-rate...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/58.10.1080
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have measured in a double-blind study the changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) in 40 consecutive patients (pretreated with fentanyl or alfentanil) who received suxamethonium and tracheal intubation. Although IOP increased significantly following administration of suxamethonium, mean IOP in both groups remained sig...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/63.6.688
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined the effects of sedation with midazolam 0.1 mg kg-1 and reversal with flumazenil 0.5 mg on beat-to-beat heart rate (HR) variability (HRV), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), finger photoplethysmograph amplitude (PLA) and impedence pneumography in eight volunteers. With the onset of sedation there was a ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/76.4.503
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ketamine-induced neuroapoptosis has been attributed to diverse stress-related mechanisms. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is a multifunctional kinase that is active in neuronal development and linked to neurodegenerative disorders. We hypothesized that ketamine would enhance GSK-3β-induced neuroapopotos...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aet057
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atropine and glycopyrronium are frequently used for premedication to reduce oral and respiratory secretions and prevent bradycardia. Glycopyrronium is said to have similar antisialagogue effects, but is less likely to cause significant tachycardia than atropine. Different antimuscarinic receptor selectivity patterns c...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/74.5.549
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied psychomotor performance in 10 healthy volunteers during recovery after a target-controlled infusion of propofol. Choice reaction time, dual task tracking with secondary reaction time and a within-list recognition task were assessed at target blood propofol concentrations of 0.8, 0.4 and 0.2 microgram ml-1. ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/85.3.396
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cerebral state index (CSI) has recently been introduced as an intra-operative monitor of anaesthetic depth. We compared the performance of the CSI to the bispectral index (BIS) in measuring depth of anaesthesia during target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol. METHODS:Twenty Chinese patients undergoing g...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aei253
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The processed electroencephalogram (pEEG) was monitored in eight patients undergoing gynaecological laparotomy under combined extradural and nitrous oxide-isoflurane anaesthesia. Pre-incisional mean spectral edge frequency 95 percentile (SEF95) and median frequency (MF) were 11.67 (SD 1.63) Hz and 3.74 (0.24) Hz, resp...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/78.6.751
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Forty-eight ASA I-II patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) were studied in a double blind, randomized placebo controlled trial of parecoxib for postoperative analgesia. METHODS:All patients were given propofol 2-4 mg kg(-1) i.v., a non-depolarizing muscle relaxant, morphine 10 mg i.v. and p...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/aeg139
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anaesthetic drugs act at sites within the brain that undergo profound changes during typical ageing. We postulated that anaesthesia-induced brain dynamics observed in the EEG change with age. METHODS:We analysed the EEG in 155 patients aged 18-90 yr who received propofol (n=60) or sevoflurane (n=95) as the ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aev213
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined the effects of two types of insulin therapy (continuous i.v. infusion (group A: 1.25 u. h-1) and direct i.v. bolus administration of 10 u. every 2 h (group B: 10 u./2 h)) on the metabolic and endocrine responses to surgery in 60 adult diabetic patients undergoing general anaesthesia for elective proce...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/72.1.5
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increasing fresh gas flow (FGF) to a circle breathing system reduces carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbent consumption. We assessed the environmental and economic impacts of this trade-off between gas flow and absorbent consumption when no inhalational anaesthetic agent is used. METHODS:A test lung with fixed CO2 ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bja.2020.07.043
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have compared the efficacy of adding varying concentrations of hyaluronidase to a standard mixture of 2% lidocaine and 1% ropivacaine to provide peribulbar anaesthesia for cataract surgery. We used (i) the time to adequate anaesthesia for surgery and (ii) ocular and eyelid movement scores at 8 min after block as cl...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/86.6.876
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Bispectral Index (BIS) is a proprietary index of anaesthesia depth, which is correlated with the level of consciousness and probability of intraoperative recall. The present study investigates the use of a neural network technique to obtain a non-proprietary index of the depth of anaesthesia from the pro...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/88.5.644
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some recipients of isolated, orthotopic lung transplants have now survived to leave hospital with greatly improved quality of life. Inevitably, the successful demonstration of the feasibility of these operations means that transplant centres throughout the world may wish to participate in a lung transplant programme. ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/bja/61.4.468
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Placental transfer of 14C-dimethyltubocurarine (14C-dmtc) was studied during Caesarean section. Liquid scintillation counting was used for determination of 14C activity from the maternal and foetal blood samples. Paper chromatography was used to confirm the stability of 14C-dmtc. In all cases 14C-dmtc was able to cros...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/48.3.239
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anaesthetic preconditioning (A_PreC) and postconditioning (A_PostC) both provide protection against ischaemia-reperfusion in the heart. However, post-ischaemic gene responses may differ between the two therapeutic strategies. METHODS:Isolated perfused rat hearts were exposed to 40 min test ischaemia followe...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aei155
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Echocardiography has been shown to positively impact on the management of the critically ill patient. However, many published studies have a significant bias towards inclusion of cardiothoracic patients. We present an audit of the impact of echocardiography on the management of patients in a district general...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aen378
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An analysis of neuromuscular transmission has been made in phrenic nerve/diaphragm preparations from male rats aged 30 days or 110 days. The amplitude of miniature end-plate potentials was found to decrease with age, being 0.969 +/- SEM 0.058 mV at 30 days and 0.510 +/- SEM 0.031 mV at 110 days. Over the same period, ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/49.3.217
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We previously demonstrated that i.v. emulsified isoflurane induces general anaesthesia in animals. In this study, we compared the pharmacokinetics of emulsified isoflurane given as i.v. bolus and as infusion in beagle dogs. METHODS:Sixteen beagle dogs were assigned randomly to a bolus group comprising three...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aes311
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined the extradural space using a flexible extraduroscope in 74 patients undergoing extradural anaesthesia at the L2-3 interspace. Extraduroscopy showed that the extradural space becomes widely patent and the fatty tissue in the extradural space diminishes with increasing age. We postulate that these age-r...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/78.2.149
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have measured the onset and extent of the miotic effect of morphine and alfentanil in conscious patients. Forty unpremedicated ASA I and II patients were allocated randomly to four groups to receive either i.v. saline (control group), morphine 0.1 mg kg-1, alfentanil 4.0 micrograms kg-1 or a combination of these do...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/65.3.415
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arterial PO2 (PaO2) has been related to inspired oxygen concentration (FIO2 range 0.21-0.60) in 20 patients, breathing spontaneously, while recovering from a range of conditions treated in an intensive therapy unit. There was a highly significant linear trend (P < 0.001) for the mean venous admixture ("virtual shunt")...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/72.5.515
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study evaluated the A-Line Autoregressive Index (AAI) response to surgical stimulation during lumbar arthrodesis, as an estimate of the anti-nociceptive component of a Bispectral Index (BIS) guided anaesthesia combined with epidural analgesia. METHODS:An epidural catheter was inserted in 23 patients al...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/ael004
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal and umbilical venous serum naloxone concentrations were measured after the i.v. (30 mothers) or i.m. (seven mothers) injection of naloxone 400 micrograms. Following i.v. naloxone there was rapid transfer to the fetus and therapeutic plasma concentrations could be expected in 1 or 2 min. However, following i.m...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/58.1.45
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies of the accuracy of partial rebreathing measurements of pulmonary blood flow (PBF) in patients with abnormal lungs have not fully explained the sources of error. METHODS:We used computer models of emphysema and pulmonary embolism incorporating both ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) and ventilation-volume (...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/ael214
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::MHS and normal pigs were anaesthetized with nitrous oxide and diazepam. Halothane 1% was then administered for 1 hr. Immediately before and immediately after the halothane inhalation, 10 g of vastus lateralis muscle was excised. SR was isolated from this muscle. Calcium accumulation by the MHS sarcoplasmic reticulum i...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/47.6.650
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Current guidelines suggest a fasting time of 2 h for clear fluids, which is often exceeded in clinical practice, leading to discomfort, dehydration and stressful anaesthesia induction to patients, especially in the paediatric population. Shorter fluid fasting might be a strategy to improve patient comfort ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/aeu399
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The physical and pharmacological properties of the structural isomers isoflurane and enflurane differ from each other and from those of other potent inhaled anaesthetics. The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) for isoflurane (1.15%) is one-and-one-half times that for halothane (0.75%) and two-thirds that for enflura...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Robotic surgery pushes the frontiers of innovation in healthcare technology towards improved clinical outcomes. We discuss the evolution to five generations of robotic surgical platforms including stereotactic, endoscopic, bioinspired, microbots on the millimetre scale, and the future development of autonomous systems...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/bja/aex383
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00