Abstract:
:To understand whether neighborhood contexts contribute to the onset or maintenance of mental health problems independently of individual characteristics requires the use of multilevel study designs and analytical strategies. This study used a multilevel analytical framework to examine the relation between neighborhood context and risk of depressive symptoms, using data from the New Haven component of the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly, a community-based sample of noninstitutionalized men and women aged 65 years or older and living in the city of New Haven, Connecticut, in 1982. Neighborhoods were characterized by census-based characteristics and also by measures of the neighborhood service environment using data abstracted from the New Haven telephone book Yellow Pages. Living in a poor neighborhood was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms in older adults, above and beyond individual vulnerabilities. In addition, the presence of more elderly people in the neighborhood was associated with better mental health among older adults. The authors found no evidence that access to services hypothesized to promote social engagement, to provide health services, or to affect the reputation of a neighborhood explained (i.e., mediated) neighborhood variations in depressive symptoms.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Kubzansky LD,Subramanian SV,Kawachi I,Fay ME,Soobader MJ,Berkman LFdoi
10.1093/aje/kwi185subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-08-01 00:00:00pages
253-60issue
3eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256pii
kwi185journal_volume
162pub_type
杂志文章abstract::This study determined the distributions of uncorrected visual acuity and of refractive error in representative groups of Australian Aborigines and Australians of European origin aged 20-30 years. The methodology used in this study and its verification are described in detail. As a group, the Aborigines have significan...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113067
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this case-control study was to evaluate whether occupational conditions during pregnancy are associated with preterm delivery (PTD). Women whose work conditions changed following the use of a legally justified preventive measure (withdrawal from work or job reassignment) were also compared with those ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/aje/kwm171
更新日期:2007-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The authors compared US motor vehicle and motorcycle mortality rates during periods when each of several alcohol-related laws were in effect with mortality rates during other periods. During the period 1980-1997, there were 792,184 deaths due to motor vehicle crashes and 63,052 deaths due to motorcycle crashes. An est...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwf186
更新日期:2003-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::An association between fetal growth restriction and increased rates of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood has been reported. This study evaluated familial aggregation of fetal growth restriction in term births. The population consisted of 3,505 sibships comprised of 7,822 full-term singleton infants bo...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwf002
更新日期:2002-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Rabies virus was isolated by cell culture from the brains of 104 confirmed rabies cases diagnosed by the fluorescent-antibody staining technique in the United States during 1974-1984. Eighty-seven isolates were obtained from wild-life species, 10 from humans, and seven from domestic animals. These isolates were tested...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/126.2.298
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for cancers of the mouth and pharynx (oral cancer), but the differential risks by beverage type are unclear. In this 1992-1995 study, the authors examined oral cancer risk in Puerto Rico, comparing alcohol intake among 286 male cases aged 21-79 years and 417 population-based ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwg055
更新日期:2003-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::In 1976-1978, a battery of eight neuropsychologic tests were administered to 2,123 participants in the Framingham Study who were aged 55-89 years. Performance on each test was examined in relation to concurrently measured systolic and diastolic blood pressure while controlling for age, sex, education, antihypertensive...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114749
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case-control epidemiologic study of childhood polymyositis is presented. Parents of 42 cases of childhood polymyositis were interviewed along with parents of controls matched for sex and age. Extensive review of past medical history, animal exposure history, residential and family history, and immunization history f...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112341
更新日期:1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a population-based case-control study carried out in Adelaide, South Australia, during the years 1984-1987, the diets of 104 cases of cancer of the pancreas 1 year prior to diagnosis were compared with the diets of 253 community controls. A quantitative food-frequency questionnaire was used to assess usual dietary ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116069
更新日期:1991-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sizes at birth of parents and their children are known to be correlated, reflecting in part the influence of fetal and maternal genes. Sociodemographic factors, regarded as aspects of the shared environment across generations, would also be expected to contribute, but evidence is limited. In the present study, the aut...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr032
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine the association between male occupational exposures and infertility. A retrospective case-control study was performed using data collected between 1991 and 1997 at nine US clinical sites as part of a previously conducted large multicenter trial. Cases were defined as infertil...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/aje/kwi269
更新日期:2005-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The adrenal steroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate (DHEAS) have been characterized as "protective" against ischemic heart disease (IHD), especially in men, on the basis of sparse epidemiologic evidence. The authors used data from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study, a random sample prospective study of 1...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/153.1.79
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Researchers have failed to find a consistent association between childhood victimization and vulvodynia, a debilitating, unexplained vulvar pain condition. However, selection bias associated with case ascertainment, and differential reporting bias between clinic-based cases and controls, may explain in part the incons...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwi108
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this analysis was to characterize the natural history of weight change in the years prior to death among older persons and to examine how this pattern varies according to longevity and cause of death. Weight trajectories were analyzed by using data from 800 male decedents from the Baltimore Longitudinal...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq168
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors studied the association between female and male alcohol intakes at the time of conception and the risk of spontaneous abortion, including early pregnancy loss detected by urinary human chorionic gonadotropin. After a nationwide mailing to about 50,000 members of four trade unions in Denmark in 1992-1994, 4...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwh259
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the role of DNA repair in susceptibility to sunlight-induced basal cell carcinoma using a host cell reactivation assay in peripheral lymphocytes. The study included Maryland basal cell carcinoma patients and cancer-free dermatologic controls who had had noncancerous skin disorders diagnosed bet...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117297
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::During a three-week period in 1984, 339 tourists and expatriate employees with diarrhea visited the infirmary at a Caribbean resort club. Epidemiologic studies suggested that over 60% of the 1,893 tourists at the resort club during that time may have been ill. Shigella flexneri 4a was isolated from seven of 18 stool s...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114755
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beginning in 2002, New York City (NYC) implemented numerous policies and programs targeting cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Using death certificates, we analyzed trends in NYC-specific and US mortality rates from 1990 to 2011 for all causes, any CVD, atherosclerotic CVD (ACVD), coronary artery disease (CAD)...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx134
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unbiased estimation of causal parameters from marginal structural models (MSMs) requires a fundamental assumption of no unmeasured confounding. Unfortunately, the time-varying covariates used to obtain inverse probability weights are often error-prone. Although substantial measurement error in important confounders is...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kww068
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An inverse association between socioeconomic status, as measured by years of education, and blood pressure has been reported in a number of studies. However, two secular trends may have changed the nature of this relation: a higher mean level of education in the population and intervention for high blood pressure in t...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116245
更新日期:1992-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::The link between blood pressure measured at juvenile ages (3-18 years) and subsequent adult ages (30 and 50 years) was investigated in a community-based longitudinal study conducted in the San Francisco Bay Area from 1928 to the present. The original sample of 550 persons decreased 61 percent by age 50 years, leaving ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116543
更新日期:1992-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Many epidemiologists have agreed that a refined estimate of the incubation period of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) would need a sample size of about 200 cases and appropriate statistical methods enabling the inclusion of cases with defined periods of exposure. However, no such studies have been reported so ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwj034
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epidemiology of melanoma in populations of African-European descent has rarely been reported. The authors studied melanoma in the French West Indies (Martinique), where black Caribbeans and whites represented 96% and 4% of the population, respectively. Among the 85 cases of melanoma collected from 1976 to 1995, bl...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009368
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prevalence study was designed to evaluate host and seasonal risk factors associated with three systemic mycoses in dogs: blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, and histoplasmosis. Histoplasmosis was the most commonly diagnosed of the three diseases. All three of the mycoses occurred more frequently in male than female d...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113077
更新日期:1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relation between allergy and risk of cancer was evaluated in a cohort study of 34,198 Seventh-day Adventists in California. Information on prevalence of asthma, hay fever, and reactions to chemicals, medications, bee stings, and poison oak (or ivy) was obtained by questionnaire in 1976. The reported allergies must...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116494
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The NHLBI Family Heart Study is a multicenter, population-based study of genetic and nongenetic determinants of coronary heart disease (CHD), atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular risk factors. In phase I, 2,000 randomly selected participants and 2,000 with family histories of CHD were identified among 14,592 middle-age...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008709
更新日期:1996-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Increased lung cancer risks among hairdressers were observed in large registry-based cohort studies from Scandinavia, but these studies could not adjust for smoking. Our objective was to evaluate the lung cancer risk among hairdressers while adjusting for smoking and other confounders in a pooled database of 16 case-c...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwt119
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper concerns the effects of random error in numerical measurements of risk factors (covariates) in relative risk regressions. When not dependent on outcome (nondifferential), such error usually attenuates relative risk estimates (shifts them toward one) and leads to spuriously narrow confidence intervals. The p...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115761
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::As part of the Honolulu Heart Program studies, 4,581 men of Japanese ancestry living in Hawaii completed a psychosocial questionnaire in 1971. By 1980, 280 new cancer cases had been recorded. Among 12 items related to stressful life situations, there were no consistent associations with total or site-specific cancer i...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114027
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective was to study the association between birth weight and the insulin sensitivity index. Altogether, 331 unrelated Caucasian subjects aged 18-32 years with measures of the insulin sensitivity index and insulin secretion during a combined intravenous glucose and tolbutamide tolerance test were included in the...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009188
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00