The effect of host tissue irradiation on large-segment allograft incorporation.

Abstract:

:Therapeutic radiation delivered to bone and the adjacent local tissues before allograft limb-salvage surgery has been associated with poor graft incorporation and higher numbers of clinical complications. Our objective was to determine the effect of preoperative radiation therapy on specific histologic, molecular and structural parameters of large-segment, bone allograft incorporation in a canine model. Skeletally mature dogs received a total of 0, 25, or 50 Gy of radiation to the foreleg (radius and ulna) delivered in 2-Gy fractions during a 5-week period before reconstruction of a 3.5-cm defect in the radius. The dogs were sacrificed at postoperative day 150. Nondestructive four-point bending was done on the harvested allograft-host bone immediately after euthanasia and specimens were compared using biomechanical, histomorphometric, immunohistochemical, and in situ reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction techniques. Preoperative irradiation significantly impaired allograft incorporation as determined by radiographic healing scores, histomorphometry, and frequency of nonunions. Biochemical differences included diminished bone morphogenetic protein-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-4 protein levels and messenger ribonucleic acid expression. Vascular endothelial growth factor expression was not altered. These data suggest that bone morphogenetic protein-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-4 signaling at the allograft-host junction is altered after preoperative fractionated radiation and provides a plausible albeit partial mechanistic explanation for radiation-mediated delays in allograft incorporation.

journal_name

Clin Orthop Relat Res

authors

Ehrhart NP,Eurell JA,Constable PD,Gaddy D,Nicholas RW

doi

10.1097/01.blo.0000165732.64757.bb

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2005-06-01 00:00:00

pages

43-51

issue

435

eissn

0009-921X

issn

1528-1132

pii

00003086-200506000-00009

pub_type

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