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Diet-induced changes in membrane gangliosides in rat intestinal mucosa, plasma and brain.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to determine if dietary gangliosides induce changes in the ganglioside content of intestinal mucosa, plasma and brain and to identify where GM3 and GD3 are localized in the enterocyte membrane. METHODS:Male 18-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a semipurified diet containing 20% (w/w) fat. The control diet contained triglyceride, reflecting the fat formulation of an existing infant formula. Two experimental diets were formulated by adding sphingomyelin (1% w/w of total fat) or a ganglioside-enriched lipid (0.1% w/w of total fat) to the control diet fat. The ganglioside fraction of ganglioside-enriched lipid diet contained more than 80% GD3. After 2 weeks of feeding, the total and individual ganglioside and cholesterol content was measured in small intestinal mucosa, plasma and brain. RESULTS:The ganglioside-enriched lipid diet significantly increased total gangliosides in the intestinal mucosa, plasma and brain compared with the control diet. The ganglioside-enriched lipid diet significantly increased the level of GD3 (7.5% w/w) in the intestine compared with control (3.2% w/w) while decreasing the level of GM3, the major ganglioside in the intestine. The ratio of cholesterol to ganglioside in the intestinal mucosa, plasma and brain decreased significantly in rats fed the ganglioside-enriched lipid diet compared with controls. Confocal microscopy showed that GM3 is exclusively localized in the apical membrane of the enterocyte whereas GD3 is primarily localized in the basolateral membrane. CONCLUSIONS:: The authors conclude that dietary ganglioside is absorbed in the small intestine and transported to different membrane sites, altering ganglioside levels in the intestinal mucosa, plasma and brain and thus possibly having the potential to change developing enterocyte function (and possibly that of other cell lines).

journal_name

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr

journal_title

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

authors

Park EJ,Suh M,Ramanujam K,Steiner K,Begg D,Clandinin MT

doi

10.1097/01.mpg.0000157199.25923.64

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2005-04-01 00:00:00

pages

487-95

issue

eissn

0277-2116

issn

1536-4801

pii

00005176-200504000-00017

journal_volume

pub_type

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Diet-induced changes in membrane gangliosides in rat intestinal mucosa, plasma and brain.