Growth hormone overexpression in the central nervous system results in hyperphagia-induced obesity associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.

abstract：:In humans, low levels of growth hormone (GH) and its mediator, IGF-1, associate with hepatic lipid accumulation. In mice, congenital liver-specific ablation of the GH receptor (GHR) results in reductions in circulating IGF-1 and hepatic steatosis, associated with systemic insulin resistance. Due to the intricate relat...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Liu Z,Cordoba-Chacon J,Kineman RD,Cronstein BN,Muzumdar R,Gong Z,Werner H,Yakar S

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously described a prosthetic group methodology for incorporating 18F into peptides and showed that 18F-labeled insulin (18F-insulin) binds to insulin receptors on human cells (IM-9 lymphoblastoid cells) with affinity equal to that of native insulin (1). We now report studies using 18F-insulin with positron emi...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Eastman RC,Carson RE,Jacobson KA,Shai Y,Channing MA,Dunn BB,Bacher JD,Baas E,Jones E,Kirk KL

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Finland has the world's highest incidence of type 1 diabetes, and it is steadily increasing. We determined concordance rates and estimated heritability for type 1 diabetes in the Finnish Twin Cohort, a population-based twin cohort of 22,650 twin pairs. In addition, we studied age of onset in the first affected twin an...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Hyttinen V,Kaprio J,Kinnunen L,Koskenvuo M,Tuomilehto J

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In skeletal muscle, the actin cytoskeleton-regulating GTPase, Rac1, is necessary for insulin-dependent GLUT4 translocation. Muscle contraction increases glucose transport and represents an alternative signaling pathway to insulin. Whether Rac1 is activated by muscle contraction and regulates contraction-induced glucos...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Sylow L,Jensen TE,Kleinert M,Mouatt JR,Maarbjerg SJ,Jeppesen J,Prats C,Chiu TT,Boguslavsky S,Klip A,Schjerling P,Richter EA

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NOD mice, a model strain for human type 1 diabetes, express proinsulin (PI) in the thymus. However, insulin-reactive T cells escape negative selection, and subsequent activation of the CD8(+) T-cell clonotype G9C8, which recognizes insulin B15-23 via an αβ T-cell receptor (TCR) incorporating TRAV8-1/TRAJ9 and TRBV19/T...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Pearson JA,Thayer TC,McLaren JE,Ladell K,De Leenheer E,Phillips A,Davies J,Kakabadse D,Miners K,Morgan P,Wen L,Price DA,Wong FS

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because skeletal muscle plays a major role in glucose disposal, it may be the primary site of insulin resistance in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Rates of glycogen synthesis (GS), glucose utilization via glycolysis, glycolytic utilization (GU), and glucose transport (GT) were studied in epitrochlear...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Karl IE,Gavin JR 3rd,Levy J

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Counterregulatory hormonal responses were studied in six patients after 4-18 mo treatment with a continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pump. In response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, significant increases in epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, and growth hormone were measured in all subjects, while in five of...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Bergenstal RM,Polonsky KS,Pons G,Jaspan JB,Rubenstein AH

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is implicated in the regulation of mitochondrial function, energy metabolism, and insulin sensitivity in rodents. No studies are available in humans to demonstrate that SIRT1 expression in insulin-sensitive tissues is associated with energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESI...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Rutanen J,Yaluri N,Modi S,Pihlajamäki J,Vänttinen M,Itkonen P,Kainulainen S,Yamamoto H,Lagouge M,Sinclair DA,Elliott P,Westphal C,Auwerx J,Laakso M

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin and glucagon release and insulin sensitivity were investigated in patients with glucokinase deficiency. Five subjects with a missense mutation (Glu256Lys) were studied. They were compared with six healthy subjects with low insulin response but normal glucose tolerance. Insulin and glucagon levels were measured...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Wajngot A,Alvarsson M,Glaser A,Efendic S,Luthman H,Grill V

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microinflammation is a common major mechanism in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications, including diabetic nephropathy. Macrophage scavenger receptor-A (SR-A) is a multifunctional receptor expressed on macrophages. This study aimed to determine the role of SR-A in diabetic nephropathy using SR-A-deficien...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Usui HK,Shikata K,Sasaki M,Okada S,Matsuda M,Shikata Y,Ogawa D,Kido Y,Nagase R,Yozai K,Ohga S,Tone A,Wada J,Takeya M,Horiuchi S,Kodama T,Makino H

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptidic glucagon antagonists have been shown to lower blood glucose levels in diabetic models (1-3), but attempts to identify small molecular weight glucagon receptor-binding antagonists have met with little success. Skyrin, a fungal bisanthroquinone, exhibits functional glucagon antagonism by uncoupling the glucagon...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Parker JC,McPherson RK,Andrews KM,Levy CB,Dubins JS,Chin JE,Perry PV,Hulin B,Perry DA,Inagaki T,Dekker KA,Tachikawa K,Sugie Y,Treadway JL

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Decreased uncoupling protein (UCP)3 is associated with insulin resistance in muscle of pre-diabetic and diabetic individuals, but the function of UCP3 remains unclear. Our goal was to elucidate mechanisms underlying the negative correlation between UCP3 and insulin resistance in muscle. We determined effects of physio...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： MacLellan JD,Gerrits MF,Gowing A,Smith PJ,Wheeler MB,Harper ME

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Klotho is an antiaging hormone present in the kidney that extends the lifespan, regulates kidney function, and modulates cellular responses to oxidative stress. We investigated whether Klotho levels and signaling modulate inflammation in diabetic kidneys. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Renal Klotho expression w...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Zhao Y,Banerjee S,Dey N,LeJeune WS,Sarkar PS,Brobey R,Rosenblatt KP,Tilton RG,Choudhary S

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The possible contribution of HLA-DRB3, -DRB4, and -DRB5 alleles to type 1 diabetes risk and to insulin autoantibody (IAA), GAD65 (GAD autoantibody [GADA]), IA-2 antigen (IA-2A), or ZnT8 against either of the three amino acid variants R, W, or Q at position 325 (ZnT8RA, ZnT8WA, and ZnT8QA, respectively) at clinical dia...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Zhao LP,Alshiekh S,Zhao M,Carlsson A,Larsson HE,Forsander G,Ivarsson SA,Ludvigsson J,Kockum I,Marcus C,Persson M,Samuelsson U,Örtqvist E,Pyo CW,Nelson WC,Geraghty DE,Lernmark Å,Better Diabetes Diagnosis (BDD) Study Grou

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate if recurrent autoimmunity explained hyperglycemia and C-peptide loss in three immunosuppressed simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplant recipients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We monitored autoantibodies and autoreactive T-cells (using tetramers) and performed biopsy. The function of auto...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Vendrame F,Pileggi A,Laughlin E,Allende G,Martin-Pagola A,Molano RD,Diamantopoulos S,Standifer N,Geubtner K,Falk BA,Ichii H,Takahashi H,Snowhite I,Chen Z,Mendez A,Chen L,Sageshima J,Ruiz P,Ciancio G,Ricordi C,Reij

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report on a 26-yr-old patient with an 11-yr history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus who exhibited insulin resistance with a requirement of up to 15,000 U of intravenous (i.v.) insulin/day. Attempts to diminish her insulin requirement by administration of sulfated insulin or Trasylol were unsuccessful, with t...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Blazar BR,Whitley CB,Kitabchi AE,Tsai MY,Santiago J,White N,Stentz FB,Brown DM

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure of the isolated, glucose-perfused rat heart to buffer containing 0.4 mM tolbutamide resulted in significant changes in both energy metabolism and myocardial contractility. In the nondiabetic, tolbutamide mediated only small increases in mechanical function at low atrial filling pressure, but this effect incre...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Tan BH,Wilson GL,Schaffer SW

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We assessed our speculation that 2-cyclohexen-1-one (CHX) impairs glucose-induced insulin secretion through inactivation of glucokinase. Treatment of pancreatic islets with CHX at concentrations (0-5 mM) that caused a dose-dependent inactivation of glucokinase activity similarly inhibited glucose-induced insulin secre...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Miwa I,Murata T,Mitsuyama S,Okuda J

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) has been shown to promote stem cell activity and rejuvenate the function of multiple organs in old mice, but little is known about the functions of GDF11 in the diabetic rat model of hindlimb ischemia. In this study, we found that systematic replenishment of GDF11 rescues angio...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Zhang J,Li Y,Li H,Zhu B,Wang L,Guo B,Xiang L,Dong J,Liu M,Xiang G

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:White adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) play distinct roles in adaptation to changes in nutrient availability, with WAT serving as an energy store and BAT regulating thermogenesis. We previously showed that mice maintained on a leucine-deficient diet unexpectedly experienced a dramatic reduc...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Cheng Y,Meng Q,Wang C,Li H,Huang Z,Chen S,Xiao F,Guo F

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain dopaminergic pathways play a major role in the control of movement. Absence of the murine dopamine D2 receptor gene (drd2) produces bradykinesia and hypothermia. A Ser311Cys mutation of the human DRD2 produces a marked functional impairment of the receptor and is associated with higher BMI in some populations. W...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Tataranni PA,Baier L,Jenkinson C,Harper I,Del Parigi A,Bogardus C

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We tested the hypothesis that green tea prevents diabetes-related tissue dysfunctions attributable to oxidation. Diabetic rats were treated daily with tap water, vitamins C and E, or fresh Japanese green tea extract. After 12 months, body weights were decreased, whereas glycated lysine in aorta, tendon, and plasma wer...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Mustata GT,Rosca M,Biemel KM,Reihl O,Smith MA,Viswanathan A,Strauch C,Du Y,Tang J,Kern TS,Lederer MO,Brownlee M,Weiss MF,Monnier VM

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:p21(cip1), a regulatory molecule upstream of the G(1/0) checkpoint, is increased in beta-cells in response to mitogenic stimulation. Whereas p21(cip1) can variably stimulate or inhibit cell cycle progression, in vitro studies suggest that p21(cip1) acts as an inhibitor in the pancreatic beta-cell. To determine the fun...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Cozar-Castellano I,Haught M,Stewart AF

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well established that patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are resistant to insulin. However, the contribution of hepatic and extrahepatic tissues to insulin resistance remains controversial. The uncertainty may be at least in part due to errors introduced by the unknowing use in previou...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Butler PC,Kryshak EJ,Schwenk WF,Haymond MW,Rizza RA

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between the in vivo insulin secretory responsiveness of the pancreatic beta-cell to glucose and the flux of glucose through the enzyme glucokinase was investigated in six subjects with heterozygous glucokinase mutations and in six matched control subjects. This was done by combining data published pre...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Sturis J,Kurland IJ,Byrne MM,Mosekilde E,Froguel P,Pilkis SJ,Bell GI,Polonsky KS

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In genetically obese leptin-deficient ob/ob mice, adrenalectomy reverses or attenuates the obese phenotype. Relative to lean controls, ob/ob mice also exhibit decreased hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA and increased hypothalamic agouti-related peptide (AGRP) mRNA and neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA. It has been ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Makimura H,Mizuno TM,Roberts J,Silverstein J,Beasley J,Mobbs CV

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fifty male rats were made diabetic by a single injection of streptozotocin and were killed at periods varying from 1 to 12 mo. Ten saline-injected rats and three rats treated with 3-O-methylglucose and streptozotocin served as controls. Intraluminal changes in retinal vessels were studied by electron microscopy. In di...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Ishibashi T,Tanaka K,Taniguchi Y

更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Phosphoinositide 3-kinase enhancer A (PIKE-A) is a proto-oncogene that promotes tumor growth and transformation by enhancing Akt activity. However, the physiological functions of PIKE-A in peripheral tissues are unknown. Here, we describe the effect of PIKE deletion in mice and explore the role of PIKE-A in o...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Chan CB,Liu X,Jung DY,Jun JY,Luo HR,Kim JK,Ye K

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By closing ATP-sensitive K+ (K+-ATP) channels, glucose promotes depolarization-dependent Ca2+ entry and cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) rise in beta-cells. Ca2+-dependent exocytosis of insulin granules is then potentiated by a K+-ATP channel-independent action of glucose. The underlying mechanisms of thi...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Sato Y,Henquin JC

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We aimed to investigate the causal effect of circulating uric acid concentrations on type 2 diabetes risk. A Mendelian randomization study was performed using a genetic score with 24 uric acid-associated loci. We used data of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct case-cohort ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Sluijs I,Holmes MV,van der Schouw YT,Beulens JW,Asselbergs FW,Huerta JM,Palmer TM,Arriola L,Balkau B,Barricarte A,Boeing H,Clavel-Chapelon F,Fagherazzi G,Franks PW,Gavrila D,Kaaks R,Khaw KT,Kühn T,Molina-Montes E,Mo

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00