Abstract:
:Bidirectional communication between the immune system and the brain and the implications of this communication are emerging concepts in pain research. Although representing a small portion of the disc degeneration syndromes, lumbar herniated discs can cause significant symptoms that may persist even after surgical interventions. Evolving evidence demonstrates that proinflammatory cytokines are a key mediator in the process of disc degeneration as well as in the pain experienced by those afflicted with lumbar herniated discs. Activated immune cells release proinflammatory cytokines, which signal the brain through humoral and neural routes. The brain responds by altering neural activity and promoting further production of proinflammatory cytokines within the brain and spinal cord. Increased local cytokine production by disc tissue irritates spinal nerve roots, resulting in pain and functional changes in neural activity. This review of the current literature explores the importance of cytokine production within the context of lumbar disc degeneration and lumbar spine pain. Furthermore, the significance of the neural-immune interaction will be examined as it relates to pain management and to patient treatment.
journal_name
Biol Res Nursjournal_title
Biological research for nursingauthors
Starkweather A,Witek-Janusek L,Mathews HLdoi
10.1177/1099800404272221subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-01-01 00:00:00pages
196-206issue
3eissn
1099-8004issn
1552-4175pii
6/3/196journal_volume
6pub_type
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