Abstract:
:Carcinoma in situ (CIS) is the common precursor of histologically heterogeneous testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), which in recent decades have markedly increased and now are the most common malignancy of young men. Using genome-wide gene expression profiling, we identified >200 genes highly expressed in testicular CIS, including many never reported in testicular neoplasms. Expression was further verified by semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR and in situ hybridization. Among the highest expressed genes were NANOG and POU5F1, and reverse transcription-PCR revealed possible changes in their stoichiometry on progression into embryonic carcinoma. We compared the CIS expression profile with patterns reported in embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which revealed a substantial overlap that may be as high as 50%. We also demonstrated an over-representation of expressed genes in regions of 17q and 12, reported as unstable in cultured ESCs. The close similarity between CIS and ESCs explains the pluripotency of CIS. Moreover, the findings are consistent with an early prenatal origin of TGCTs and thus suggest that etiologic factors operating in utero are of primary importance for the incidence trends of TGCTs. Finally, some of the highly expressed genes identified in this study are promising candidates for new diagnostic markers for CIS and/or TGCTs.
journal_name
Cancer Resjournal_title
Cancer researchauthors
Almstrup K,Hoei-Hansen CE,Wirkner U,Blake J,Schwager C,Ansorge W,Nielsen JE,Skakkebaek NE,Rajpert-De Meyts E,Leffers Hdoi
10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0679subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-07-15 00:00:00pages
4736-43issue
14eissn
0008-5472issn
1538-7445pii
64/14/4736journal_volume
64pub_type
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