Abstract:
AIMS:Aims of investigation: (i) develop a quantitative RT-PCR for noroviruses and (ii) evaluate it on environmental samples. METHODS AND RESULTS:Noroviruses in environmental water samples were concentrated by adsorption/elution/flocculation. Sewage was processed by clarification and protein flocculation. Norovirus-specific cDNA produced by primer-directed reverse transcription of extracted RNA was amplified by LightCycler and accumulation of product monitored by observation of fluorescence induced by the incorporation of SYBR Green. Absolute quantitation of product was achieved by construction of standard curves using quantitative standards produced by cloning a modified sequence of the 3'-region of the forward norovirus primer. Reaction specificity was confirmed by analysis of product melting curves. CONCLUSIONS:Sewage was found to contain up to 1.8 x 10(6) norovirus cDNA copies per 100 ml and effluent contained up to 1.7 x 10(6) copies per 10 l. Marine bathing water and recreational river waters also contained noroviruses. Sample inhibition was detected to varying degrees in most sample types. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY:The study will enable quantitative comparisons be made of samples from different locations and treatment processes, and inform the debate on the revision of the EU Bathing Water Directive; it will have important implications for the analysis of samples derived from different aquatic matrices, and from foods.
journal_name
Lett Appl Microbioljournal_title
Letters in applied microbiologyauthors
Laverick MA,Wyn-Jones AP,Carter MJdoi
10.1111/j.1472-765X.2004.01534.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-01 00:00:00pages
127-36issue
2eissn
0266-8254issn
1472-765Xpii
LAM1534journal_volume
39pub_type
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1472-765x.1998.t01-3-00449.x
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Coxiella sp. closely related to the agent of Q-fever, Coxiella burnetii, has been associated with mortalities in redclaw crayfish, (Cherax quadricarinatus), in farms and experimental facilities for three decades. Limited sequence data including 16S rRNA have placed the rickettsial species as a new species, candidatu...
journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
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doi:10.1046/j.1472-765x.2003.01430.x
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abstract::Ergosterol biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is complex and the underlying mechanism of regulation remains unclear. To clarify the influence of transcriptional regulation on the ergosterol content, transcription factor Ecm22 was overexpressed in S. cerevisiae. Results showed that the overexpression of ECM22 led...
journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
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abstract::High performance thin layer chromatography with automated multiple development was used to determine 2,3-butanediol levels in wine produced by high and low acetoin-forming strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An inverse correlation between acetoin and 2,3-butanediol content was found suggesting a leaky mutation in ace...
journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1472-765x.1996.tb01165.x
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1472-765X.2007.02130.x
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1472-765X.2009.02640.x
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1472-765X.2006.02099.x
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/lam.13425
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1472-765x.1995.tb00407.x
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1472-765X.2006.02056.x
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1472-765x.1995.tb01057.x
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1472-765x.1994.tb00864.x
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A viable but non-culturable (VBNC) bacterial state was originally detected in studies in environmental microbiology. In particular, this state has been demonstrated for a number of human pathogens (Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Vibrio cholerae, Legionella pneumophila and Campylobacter jejuni). The presence...
journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1472-765x.2000.00771.x
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00558.x
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/lam.13065
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1472-765x.2001.00939.x
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1472-765x.2000.00742.x
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1472-765x.1998.00319.x
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The current standard culture methods are unable to detect nongrowing bacteria and, thus, might not be sufficient for precise monitoring of the microbiological quality of waters. The use of a molecular method such as PCR could be a valid alternative to detect bacterial faecal contamination indicators such as Escher...
journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1472-765X.2005.01666.x
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the acid and salt adaptation in a cheese-based medium on the virulence potential of Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from cheese and dairy processing environment using the Galleria mellonella model. Four L. monocytogenes strains were exposed to a che...
journal_title:Letters in applied microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/lam.12064
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00