Abstract：
:The diatomic molecule of oxygen contains two uncoupled electrons and can therefore undergo reduction, yielding several different oxygen metabolites, which are collectively called Reactive Oxygen Species or ROS. They are invariably produced in aerobic environments through a variety of mechanisms, which include electron "leakage" during biologic oxidations, action of flavin dehydrogenases and specific membrane associated secretion, as well as by physical activation of oxygen by irradiation, e.g. UV sun-light. Organisms have developed efficient protective mechanisms against excessive accumulation of ROS, which include superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical, since all these metabolites are highly reactive and affect almost every kind of organism, either directly or through conversion into other derivatives, notably NO-derived radicals or RNS. Depending on their tissue concentration they can either exert beneficial physiologic effects (control of gene expression and mitogenesis) or damage cell structures, including lipids and membranes, proteins and nucleic acids, leading to cell death. In this brief overview we summarize the present state-of-the-art, restricting the discussion to the role of ROS in physiology and pathology, not taking into account RNS. Discussion will focus on basic chemical and biochemical features of ROS, underlining how ROS can promote severe diseases, including neoplastic, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. This brief discussion should clarify the present huge interest in ROS, in the perspective to develop new and specific therapeutic approaches.
journal_name
Curr Pharm Desjournal_title
Current pharmaceutical designauthors
Bergamini CM,Gambetti S,Dondi A,Cervellati Cdoi
10.2174/1381612043384664subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-01 00:00:00pages
1611-26issue
14eissn
1381-6128issn
1873-4286journal_volume
10pub_type
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journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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doi：10.2174/1381612013398167
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:High prevalence of Dental and periodontal problems during the gestation period may have a negative effect on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in pregnant women. This systematic review aimed to perform a quality assessment and provide a critical overview of the current research available on OHRQoL ...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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abstract：:The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is now recognised as an important modulator of various central nervous system processes. More recently, an increasing body of evidence has accumulated to suggest antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective roles of ECS. In this review we discuss the role and therapeutic potentia...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infections are the most common inflammatory triggers and acute and chronic infections have been associated with the development and progression of atherosclerotic disease raising interest in the infectious hypothesis of atherosclerosis. Pathogens have been identified in atherosclerotic plaques and large epidemiologica...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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doi：10.2174/1381612822666151215102420
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Topiramate is one of the currently most promising compounds in the field of addiction medicine. This paper discusses its potential utility related to a phase model of addiction development, focusing on the assumption that addiction is a continuous process involving different neurobiological pathways, depending on the ...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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doi：10.2174/138161211796150864
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In drug development, in vitro human model systems are absolutely essential prior to the clinical trials, considering the increasing number of chemical compounds in need of testing, and, keeping in mind that animals cannot predict all the adverse human health effects and reactions, due to the species-specific differenc...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last three decades, neoplasms have become the largest cause of human mortality due to both high tumor incidence and mortality. Chemotherapy is one of the main therapies employed to treat neoplasms. Although classical genotoxic drugs, such as cyclophosphamide, 5-FU, cisplatin and doxorubicin have been applied ...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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doi：10.2174/1381612823666170720113216
更新日期：2017-11-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Chloride channels play important roles in vital cellular signalling processes contributing to homeostasis in both excitable and non-excitable cells. Since 1987, more than ten ion channel genes have been identified as causing human hereditary diseases among them the genes for the voltage-dependent chloride channel ClC-...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161206775474459
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161208783885362
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the third millennium preventive medicine is becoming a corner stone in our concept of health. Colorectal cancer (CRC) fits the criteria of a disease suitable for prevention interventions. It is a prevalent disease that is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity rates, with more than 1,000,000 new cases...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161207781368783
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is characterized by vessel alterations such as dilatation of postcapillary venules and arterio-venous communications, which account for the major clinical manifestations of the disease. Two types of HHT have been characterized HHT-1 and HHT-2, respectively, depending the for...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161206776361228
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An important goal of biomedical research is to translate basic research findings into practical clinical implementation. Despite the advances in the technology used in drug discovery, the development of drugs for central nervous system diseases remains challenging. The failure rate for new drugs targeting important ce...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612826666200224112534
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The octapeptide angiotensin II (Ang II) plays a homeostatic role in the regulation of blood pressure and water and electrolyte balance, and also contributes to the progression of cardiovascular remodeling. Ang II activates Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor and type 2 (AT2) receptor, both of which belong to the seven-transm...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612811319170003
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among postmenopausal women in western societies. There are still no specific and highly efficient methods of preservation of women's vascular health in modern preventive medicine. For many years physicians have assumed that hormone replacement...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612822666151112150520
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) derived eicosanoids promote gastroprotective mucosal defenses and induce platelet aggregation. By sparing COX-1, COX-2 specific inhibitors provide effective anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity while substantially reducing the risk of peptic ulcer disease and GI bleeding compared to dual C...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arrhythmias in left ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction (LVHT) comprise sustained or non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) (n=135), atrial fibrillation (AF) (n=96) AV block (n=55) and QT prolongation (n=47). The prevalence differs between children and adults. In children most frequent are WPW-syndrome (n...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161210793176518
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Innate and adaptive immunity has been shown to be critically involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In particular, immune suppression mediated by regulatory T cells (Tregs) or tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) serves as a vital mechanism for regulating pathogenic chronic inflammation in atherogensis, suggest...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemokines and their receptors play critical roles in leukocyte trafficking during inflammatory processes. Although the role of chemokine receptors (CKRs) in cancer biology is a relatively new field of study, a growing body of data suggest that a number of CKRs, including CXCR4, CCR4, CCR7, and CCR10, may play diverse...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphodiesterase 2 (PDE2) is a ubiquitous enzyme whose major role is to hydrolyze the important second messengers cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). In the central nervous system, pharmacological inhibition of PDE2 results in boosted cAMP and/or cGMP signaling, which is r...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612820666140826115245
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Nowadays, the world is facing a common problem that the population aging process is accelerating. How to delay metabolic disorders in middle-aged and elderly people, has become a hot scientific and social issue worthy of attention. The liver plays an important role in lipid metabolism, and abnormal li...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stability of a dosage form is its ability to preserve its quality attributes within preset limits. The time span over which these attributes remain within specifications is the shelf-life of the drug product. Stability is a very complex feature and is influenced not only by the stability of the drug substance but also...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612822666160726094236
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new controlled delivery system has been developed for ropinirole (RP) for the treatment of Parkinson´s Disease (PD) consisting in PLGA microparticles (MPs) which exhibited in vitro constant release of RP (78.23 µg/day/10 mg MPs) for 19 days. The neuroprotective effects of RP released from MPs were evaluated in SKN-A...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
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doi：10.2174/1381612822666160928145346
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
